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Contrary to widely printed arguments and unsubstantiated fears, immigration has resulted in net job creation, immigrant engineers are paid more, not less, areas where immigrants work have the highest wages, fields like engineering where immigrants concentrate have the highest starting wages, the highest increase in wages, the highest increase in job growth, and lowest rates of unemployment.
There is no evidence to support the assumption that immigrants displace native minorities, and only the twisted mislogic of Norman Matloff supports the questionable assertion that immigrants, especially the Chinese are culturally incapable of innovation, or that 25% to 40% of the workforce that is immigrant are simply unneccesary, and could easily be replaced by hiring those who are working in other fields (there aren't enough unemployed persons since it's less than 1%).
Matloff says that industry is shooting itself in the foot by hiring people with credentials such as previous experience, advanced or bachelors degrees, and specific skills should have no weight, and that no job listing should have any specific job requirements, instead saying that people like "Cindy", unemployed with no marketable job skills can be productive in "any software technology in 30 days" and be used to replace immigrants trained in object oriented programming, Windows / C++ and SQL database. So he would artificially create an engineering shortage so severe that they would be, in his own words, "forced" to hire those with no degrees, or specific skills.
Skilled Immigration Frequently Asked Questions:
There are no studies that have shown any net job loss that can be correlated with the continuous increase in population due to immigration throughout US history. Even if you discount the effect of a Hispanic housekeeper / nanny who enables a white professional woman to work outside the home, creating two jobs, and the Chinese Charles Wang to comes as a child and founds what was for many years the 1st and is still the 2nd largest software company in the world, creating many more jobs, somehow the economy is creating more jobs than immigrants to fill them. There is no net displacement of jobs, and jobs lost at the low end for blacks such as hotel cleaners and janitors is offset by huge gains in skilled fields such as electrial engineers and airline pilots where blacks have doubled in a decade or more.
Q. Don't immigrants destroy the economy by stealing from the fixed number of jobs?
A. The most desirable states and cities are those experiencing a "boom", that is, an increase in jobs and population. Those that are falling, instead of being the most desirable are generally the least desirable since it's people moving away to better situations. When jobs move away from a high cost area like San Jose to a low cost area like Washington state, it is because immigrants have raised wages and land values, not lowered them.
Q. How has immigration increased unemployment? A. Since the 1970's, unemployment has DECREASED from the double digits to less than 5 percent, and under 1 percent in engineering. Computer engineers have among the lowest rates of unemployment of any career field. Norman Matloff concedes very low official figures, but counters that "under-employment" is the hidden problem, but uses the example of someone who he admits has no marketable skills, who would be in the same position even if every immigrant were to be deported tomorrow.
Q. Don't the newspapers report that Norman Matloff's studies show that immigrant engineers are paid less on average than natives?
A. Norm Matloff (UC Davis) did the only study purporting to prove the immigrants are paid less, using data that has not been duplicated elsewhere that in Silicon Valley, when you compensate for equal education, immigrants are paid less. Most articles report incorrectly, that immigrants are paid less, when in fact, immigrants are paid more overall since they are better educated and qualified than the average native, nationally, or in Santa Clara County. He also cites data from Prof Ong, who is pro-immigrant, but his point is to prove that this is the result of unjust discrimination, and this other study also equalizes for factors which are not equal between the two overall pools, and does not take into account that immigrant salaries eventually equal and exceed natives.
Immigrants are on average MORE educated than natives, and Silicon Valley is one of the highest paid parts of the nation, if not the world. Surveys by the IEEE, the Center for Immigration Studies, and the National Science Foundation all find that immigrants are on average paid MORE than natives. Matloff further confounds logic and reason by claiming that education, experience, and in fact, no credential makes any contribution to productivity, thus defeating the common observation that immigrants are disproportionately represented, get higher SAT scores. Nor can productivity or innovation be measured by the success of companies, since he argues that Yahoo, Microsoft, IBM and Intel and the immigrants that founded or were employed by them who appear regularly in the pages of Business Week and Fortune have made essentially no important innovations, while the nameless Chinese graduate students he sponsored ARE important to high tech.
Ranked by Salary Almost every Asian and European immigrant group is paid higher than natives, even with a a larger proportion of young persons
Note that native blacks are paid within 12% of native white salary even without correcting for job skills, education, or experience
Median Age
Income Index Under 30 Index
For Japanese $41,456 1.12 59.9% -1.27
For Chinese $39,691 1.08 52.2% -1.11
For Indian $39,370 1.07 59.0% -1.25
For NHWhite $38,827 1.05 44.8% 1.05
Native Chinese $38,525 1.04 59.2% -1.25
For Korean $38,251 1.04 52.6% -1.11
For Cuban $36,951 1.00 50.5% -1.07
Native NHWhite $36,920 1.00 47.2% 1.00
Native Japanese $36,869 -1.00 51.1% -1.08
Native Filipino $35,276 -1.05 51.9% -1.10
For Filipino $35,070 -1.05 42.2% 1.12
Native Mexican $33,839 -1.09 56.2% -1.19
For Other His $33,440 -1.10 54.3% -1.15
For Black $33,252 -1.11 52.7% -1.12
Native Black $33,185 -1.11 48.8% -1.03
Native Other His $32,979 -1.12 57.7% -1.22
For Mexican $21,923 -1.68 58.5% -1.24
Source: Source: US Census data analysis by "Foreign-Born Scientists,
Engineers and Mathematicians in the United States" Oct 1995 by the
Center for Immigration Studies (Wash DC)
Electrial Engineering Salaries by Immigrant Origin, 1996:
Only Vietnamese, Arabs and Mexicans below whites.
Korean $71,300
Asian Indian: $68,800
Chinese: $68,300
Japanese $68,900
Whites: $64,700
Hispanic/Mexican $62,500
African American $61,700
Arab or Iranian $56,700
Vietnamese $53,600
1994-95 Engineering Salary Survey
Only Vietnamese were below average
Immigrants Salaries (groups over 12) mean
1994 1995
United Kingdom $80,300
Germany $70,000
Taiwan $66,400 $72,800
India $61,600 $69,600
Hong Kong $65,500
China $53,000 $64,700
------------------------------------------
overall $59,800 $63,700
------------------------------------------
Vietnam $56,700
Source: Sept 30 1996 Electronic Engineering Times Survey, P78-79
Foreign-Born Earn More Than Native Born
Median salaries of US recipients of MS degrees in sci and engineering
Years since Foreign- Native-born
degree born
1 to 5 $41,400 $40,300
6 to 10 $48,000 $47,900
11 to 5 $52,000 $50,000
16 to 20 $56,000 $52,000
21 or more $55,000 $58,200
Source: National Science Foundation
COMPUTER JOBS PAY THE HIGHEST SALARIESQ. How have skilled immigrants lowered wages for computer engineers? The Center for Immigration Studies claims that wages have been lowered so much by immigrants that native African Americans have been discouraged from the engineering profession.
A. Most surveys the the Census department and placement offices show that computer science students pull in nearly the highest salaries of any undergraduate major. Not only that, salaries of computer engineers have risen faster than most other fields, with the median engineering salary increasing from $42,600 in 1986 to $52,900 in 1995. Since computer science has one of the highest rates of foreign students, it would appear that immigrants RAISE, not LOWER the average entry wage.
Source: EE Times Mar 23, 98 p.129 BSCS Grads see green BSCS 40,417 up 8.6% in one year BSEE 41,192 up 4.2% higher Mgmt info 38,229 Accounting 32,407 BLACKS HAVE MADE EVEN MORE PROGRESS
Q. How have immigrants impacted opportunities for under-represented minorities? A. The study by the Center for Immigration Studies asks this question, and posits that immigrants could be replaced "if only" minorities were graduated and hired in the same proportions as whites. However it fails to note that data in the report answers this question: under-represented minorities have increased dramatically despite high levels of immigration primarily due an increase in qualified graduates. There is no evidence that the labor force is fixed, and that increases in hiring of immigrants has led to reductions in other groups. Nor is any evidence presented that any simple change of policy would lead to instant parity in hiring, or that even if this happened, the economy would not simply hire both groups.
IMMIGRANTS ARE AS ESSENTIAL AS ANY OTHER ETHNIC GROUP
Q. Is the argument that immigrants are essential to high tech and innovation only a myth, and are immigrants harmful when employers refuse to hire better paid and skilled Americans?
A. Yeh Yeh Ling of the Carrying Capacity network ( Carrying Capacity Network Orinda, CA 94563 (510-376-4766)) quoted Norm Matloff's assertion that nearly all essential contributions were made by natives, and that nearly all contributions or corporations where immigrants were either key employees or founders were either nonessential or even harmful. However, in doing so, he selectively dismisses as unimportant founders and key employees of the of Intel, the #1 producer of microprocessors, Yahoo, the #1 internet search site, Sun, the #1 producer of workstations, and Microsoft, the #1 software developer.
He dismisses as unimportant the fact that 25% to 60% of some Silicon Valley companies are made up of immigrants, claiming that they could and should be easily replaced by under and unemployed natives with no marketable skills, comparing them to Indian motel owners. But Indian motels are not a strategic globally competitive industry, and the fact that they are run by a particular group probably indicates that they are doing a more cost-effective job than the groups they displaced. There as many as 100,000 immigrants in high tech, some estimates one in 3. There are 1,500 Asian American-owned tech companies in the Valley, according to a study by investment bankers Hambrecht & Quist and University of California at Berkeley's Annalee Saxenian, the top 30 have a market value of $25 billion.
Logically, one could also conclude that the 80% of engineers who are white men are also disposable and unneccesary since their jobs could be equally filled by an infinite supply of immigrants. Matloff also similarly claims that agriculture would not be negatively affected, even though nearly all field workers are immigrant Hispanics, basically a racist denial of all positive contributions and successful corporations and inventions by nonwhite immigrants as "nonessential".
The Center for Immigration Studies concluded that as a "hypothetical mathematical exercise", that if the US simply graduated and hired African American and Hispanics in the same proportions as whites, they would equal the number of immigrants, but never explained such an exercise would be impossible in reality. Both arguments are based on the highly questionable assumption that high tech would not suffer if 25% to 60% of their workers had never immigrated, that all ethic groups are equally capable (except for immigrant Chinese, who, according to Matloff are LESS capable, despite their over-representation and high math scores, while supporting prefernces for African Americans towards equal representation, despite their low grades and test scores) and that the remaining natives would have done exactly the same as an Andrew Grove or Jerry Yang.
Norman Matloff is also the only educator who makes the unusual claim that immigrants, particularly Asians and Chinese are less capable and productive as a group, despite the fact that the Chinese and Indians have the highest rates of participation in engineering, the most education, the highest math test scores, and the highest representation in student science awards and the best examination high schools. His only evidence of inferiority is representation among ACM awards. But this is a relatively closed professional association, and winners are no more representative of the average professional engineer than rock stars are of the average American. He pays no attention to ultimate measure of success, the revenues and wealth generated by companies like Computer Associates, Microsoft and Intel because, he claims, nearly all innovations are made by natives, dismissing nearly every innovation by immigrants except for An Wang.
The Alexis de Tocqueville Institution took a survey of a random sample of US patents and found that 25% of those who responded to their surveys were immigrants, either as primary or important co-inventors, and 20% of all patents, whether they got a response or not, over double the 9% population of immigrants
IMMIGRANTS ARE JUST AS GOOD OR BETTER THAN NATIVE ENGINEERS
Q. Is it a deception that immigrants are the "best and brightest" when they are hired only because they are cheap? Don't some people say that hiring immigrants is harmful because they are not as innovative?
A. Again, the chief source of the "immigrants are inferior" studies is Norm Matloff. You can believe this only by inventing the fantastic and unbelievable hiring philosiphy that says that no job listing should have any requirements beyond years of experience, that a bachelors, masters, or PhD degree add nothing to productivity, that a person with no marketable skills like "Cindy" on her resume can be "reasonably productive" in any technology such as internet, graphics, CAD, or SQL database in 30 days. By this criterion, someone with a credential list a mile long would be no better than a laid off defence worker with no marketable skills, instead of the current reality where a contractor with "hot" skills routinely finds a new job in 2 to 4 weeks, but "Cindy" languishes after years. Many immigrants hired by Microsoft are hired at the highest levels of management, which is certainly not consistent with the notion that it is soley a money-saving measure. The only motivation for such a scenario is not to help the so-called "under-employed", but to discriminate against immigrant Chinese
Much of Matloff's study is in fact a veiled attack on the Chinese and Chinese culture when he claims that Chinese education forces only rote- memory learning and that they are incapable of innovation. He attacks "network hiring" even though the old boys network of hiring white men is just as established, blacks are lauded for hiring among their own, and industry surveys find that employers find that hiring people already known to employees instead of resumes sent in off the street tend to have the highest success rate
UNEMPLOYABLE LACK MARKETABLE SKILLS, NOT DISPLACED BY IMMIGRANTS.
Q. Aren't there many like "Cindy" who employers would be "forced" to consider if immigrants were not let in?
A. Norman Matloff is the primary proponent of this scenario, but he has never presented any statistical justification for this argument. Immigrants are at most 30% to 40% of the qualified applicant pool, based on current staffing, so eliminating ALL immigrants would only decrease her competitition by 30% to 40%. Since Matloff is not advocating deporting all immigrants, but only slowing or stopping new immigrants, the likely actual change would only amount to 3% to 4% of qualified applicants.
Since the fact that she has been unemployed, and hasn't even gotten an interview for several years despite applying at dozens if not hundreds of jobs, and the chances of hire at a place like Sun or Microsoft for someone with no experience in C++, database, or graphical user interface is very close to 0%, in fact it is highly likely that a slightly less skilled native named "Jack" would get the job even if "Ivan" were kept out of the country. Mattloff creates this topsy-turvy world where those with no marketable skills have an equal chance of selection as those with the skills and degrees in most demand only to support his anti-Asian bias, not to help those with no skills.
According to Business Week, employment in software and services increased by 50% in just 5 years. Any one who was not employed was not left behind because of a lack of jobs, but because they did not meet the reasonable job requirements.
The bottom line that a Mattloff world which forces the labor market to be so short that employers like Microsoft would be given a choice of hiring people who lack any of the minimal job requirements or not hiring at all would cause massive injury to America's leading export industry and wealth creator. Instead of encouraging industry to pick from the best minds in the world, he would force them to give preferences to the underqualified first, those without degrees, training, or marketable skills or experience.
ONLY A TINY MINORITY OF H-1 VISAS ARE HIRED AS CHEAP SUBSTITUTE LABOR
Q. Aren't there "body shops" which hire out foreign workers at very low wages that have resulted in layoffs of American workers? A. Most immigrants do not fall under this controversial category, and most who do are talented workers already identified who it would be difficult or impossible to replace with a native. Many immigrant engineers enter as students or under family preferences. Charles Wang and Andrew Grove arrived as children. Some cases do exist basically as set out, where immigrants are contracted to work at very low wages essentially as substitues for better paid native labor, but this is only a tiny fraction of immigrants in an industry where the average immigrant is actually better educated and better paid than the average native in the industry, and the average immigrant is much more likely to work in high tech than the average native. It is very wrong to characterize the average immigrant worker as someone who was hired strictly as cheap labor, as Norman Matloff claims is the only reason any immigrants get hired at all.
IMMIGRANTS BRING BETTER, NOT WORSE HEALTH
Q. Don't immmigrants bring third world diseases like TB, AIDS, and measles? A. 3rd world diseases like leprosy and tuberculosis and measles just aren't big problems in the US, and are easily controlled. Fewer people realized that for big ticket problems like infant mortality, life expectancy, cancer, and AIDS are much lower or no worse for Hispanics and Asians, even among the poor. Native African Americans have the largest health problems.
CRIME HAS FALLEN
Q. Do immigrants increase crime?
A. Violent and serious crimes have FALLEN in the last 5 years according to the latest FBI statistics. Asians account for much of legal immigration, however despite the existence of highly publicized and notorious smuggling gangs, Asians in fact have the lowest rates of imprisonment and arrest for nearly every category of crime except for gambling. Illegal immigrants account for a disproportionate number of arrests, but since the overall rate is no higher for immigrants in general, legal immigrants have lower rates of crime. Arrest rates for Hispanics are generally lower than the The group with the highest rate of crime, who are the native African Americans.
BLACKS PROGRESS, NOT FALL BACKWARD WITH IMMIGRATION
Q. Do immigrants have a negative impact on native minorities? A. It is truly hypocritical to be against anti-black racism, and then use black interests to attack immigrants. Despite enormous increases in both Hispanic and Asian immigration, Blacks have made tremendous economic and educational progress since 1965 in every professional field from police, firefighting, medicine and engineering. College graduates over age 24 increased from 9% in 1980 to 14% in 1990. Businesses increased 46 percent from 1987 to 1992. Test score gaps declined. Wealth increased 35% from 1983 to 1989. Declines in fields such as hotel cleaning are more of an indication that African Americans are being promoted UP out of poorly paid jobs rather than being forced into unemployment by immigrants. Norman Matloff cites Asian and Hispanic complaints that Oakland favored black contractors as a reason to cut off immigration rather than a reason to investigate why the city favored politically powerful minorities over weaker immigrant groups. The motivation is not to help other minorities (Matloff almost ever directly aids the minorities he claims to speak out for), but to harm Asian immigrants.
It is a truly dangerous game to show that immigrants are statistically undesirable when the group with the poorest statistics by any indice are native African Americans.
IMMIGRANTS DON'T JUST HIRE THEIR OWN
Q. Is it a myth that immigrants create jobs since the Chinese only hire their own kind? A. Another Matloff-ism is that Chinese hire only their own, and that this harms productivity. Strangely, it is seen as positive when black firms hire disproportionate numbers of blacks, but racist when some Chinese-founded firms are majority Chinese. Even if they did hire only Chinese, they are not taking jobs away from natives, and Matloff is entirely incorrect in stating that Everex hired only Chinese. Companies like Wang and Computer Associates created thousands of jobs to persons of all races and nationalities.
Matloff presented an especially ironic case of a friend who as laid off by Everex, a Chinese founded firm, and could not find a job with an "American" owned firm, but had to settle for another firm started by someone from Taiwan who could not afford to pay full health benefits. So here is a case of a man who found not one, but TWO jobs because of an immigrant, yet Matloff continues to say that the Chinese do not create jobs. The only possible motivation is anti-Chinese bias.
THE ENVIRONMENT IS GETTING CLEANER
Q. Don't immigrant increase the population problem and environmental pollution?
A. The fact is that since the 1960's, air and water are cleaner, not dirtier. It matters more how you reduce pollution and how actively you manage the environment than how many people are on the land, since using technology available to the Native Americans overtaxed even entire states with only a handful of people, yet tiny Manhattan Island supports millions sustainably.
THE REAL IMMIGRANT WELFARE RIPOFF IS WORKING IMMIGRANTS PAYING FOR WHITES ON SOCIAL SECURITY, SSI DOESN'T COME CLOSE TO EQUITY
Q. Who is really getting ripped off by welfare?
A. Norman Matloff is behind the idea that Chinese immigrants are committing welfare fraud. But in fact they aren't breaking any rules that can be enforced, which is the normal definition of fraud. He says that sponsors are supposed to sign a pledge that elderly immigrants aren't planning to or be likely to be a "public charge". But this pledge is not a promise, much less an enforceable promise to never use SSI, which is what elderly can get if they didn't live here long enough to work enough years to qualify for Social Security, and only if they fall below income and wealth limits. It is Matloff's position that nearly all elderly immigrants come for a cushy retirement, even though the overall figure is only 25%, and it's not even a majority of Chinese, and that even citizens should be removed from the rolls as well, and he is not at all concerned about the disabled and those who have no affluent children who can keep them off the streets if they lose their nursing home money and Medicare. Since some immigrants can naturalize in as little as 5 years, Matloff also seeks to keep social security and SSI benefits from citizen immigrants as well, claiming to stand for "family values".
See my charts which show that Asians and Hispanics have a population distribution with many young workers, but very few elderly. The biggest welfare program, and the only one that threatens to break the budget is actually Social Security, which economist Lester Thurow of MIT says isn't really an insurance program, but a welfare program where workers today are paying for the currently retired, and any citizen who ever worked for a significant time is eligible for social security. Thus
Social Security and Public Assistance
Race Payments Index ss per
Total / household pop Index
NHWhite $2,486 1.00 NHWhite $890 1.00
White $2,452 -1.00 White $857 -1.04
total $2,353 -1.04 total $757 -1.18
Black $2,037 -1.20 Black $435 -2.04
AmInd $1,899 -1.29 AmInd $351 -2.54
Hisp $1,550 -1.58 Hisp $243 -3.66
AsianPI $1,477 -1.66 AsianPI $224 -3.97
From this chart, we see that per-capita, Asians and Hispanics
have the LOWEST rate of public assistance, at only 1/4 the
rate of whites, mostly due to the fact that
Ratio of working age to retiree age by race
Worker /
Retiree Index
Hisp 22.00 2.97
AsianPI 20.09 2.71
AmInd 18.16 2.45
Black 11.57 1.56
total 8.41 1.14
White 7.64 1.03
NHWhite 7.40 1.00
there are 3 times as many workers per retiree for immigrant groups
as whites.
In reality, since Social Security is actually funded by current
workers, immigrant elderly who don't normally qualify for SS should
be allowed to participate if they are citizens and if their sponsors
are paying into social security. See SOCIAL
SECURITY: IS THE SKY REALLY FALLING? for the Business Week
article that shows that moderate immigration is the key to solvency
for Social Security, and elderly whites need working immigrants to fund
their retirement more than the other way around.WHO THE HECK IS NORMAN MATLOFF? AND WHY DOESN'T ANYBODY NOTICE WHAT HE'S REALLY DOING?
Q. What motivates Norman Matloff?
A. Almost every study and thesis by Norman Matloff, particularly affirmative action, immigration, and elderly income benefits is critical of Chinese people and culture, who he has married into and participated in as an outsider volunteer.
Norman Matloff is the true heir to a historical legacy of anti-Chinese hatred and propaganda going back to the "Workingman's Party", which also sought to protect native workers from competition from the Chinese. At every opportunity, he ignores evidence that the Chinese are better paid, better skilled, and overall less likely to use welfare and all federal benefits than natives, and cites persons with very different conclusions than him to support his assertion that immigration, especially that of Chinese should be cut off substantially if not entirely.
The amazing thing is the amount of press given to anti-chinese bias in the Huang case, Colin Powell, and hate e-mail at UC Irvine, but Matloff has never been attacked for anti-Chinese bias by Asian activists, even though only Matloff's efforts have actually resulted in legislation actually harming Chinese. Their most important agenda is to insure prefeferences for African Americans with lower grades and test scores than their own children, where Matloff is judged to be politically correct.
Q. Why do so many magazines and newspapers print Matloff's pieces as if he know what he is talking about?
A. I'm still trying to figure that on out.
Some Feedback
Immigration Spectrum Percentages Immigrant 33-38% Microsoft 1995 New development employees 30% Generally accepted Silicon Valley 14% IEEE survey Guide to structure =>Immigration @@issue %%subissue
Summary of Indexes:
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Patents 2.0 (Alexis de Tocqueville Institution)
CA foreign born prisoners -1.1 (19.4% vs. 21.7% population 1995)
Noncitizen Prisoners -1.2 (5% vs. 6% of population)
Immigrants Better
------------------
Life Expectancy
AIDS
Infant Mortality
College Degrees
High tech skills
Legal immigrants in prisons
Patent filing
Immigrants Worse
------------------
TB
Less than 9th grade adult education
Low skill labor
Illegal immigrants in prisons
asian.immigration
=>immigration
@@actor
\clip\96\04\besch.txt bibi besch immigrated from Austria, Bibi Besch
LOS ANGELES (AP) -- Bibi Besch, a television and movie actress whose
credits include the shows ``Northern Exposure'' and ``Dr. Quinn,
Medicine Woman,'' died Sept. 7 of cancer. She was 56.
@@advancement
\priv\96b\01\lessopp.txt Los Angeles Times, June 10, 1996 A Longer
Journey to the Middle Class Immigration: Most newcomers are poor,
undereducated and Latino, and their opportunities are fewer. By
MYRON LEVIN, Times Staff Writer. Immigrants from 70s are no poorer,
and earlier immigrants are less poor than the native born, newer
immigrants have it tougher.
@@african
"Shedding the 'blame whitey' reflex'" Gregory P. Kane Seattle Times
May 29, 1996 p. B5: Mentions the Economist article, and says blacks
should stop making excuses and compete. F053196
d:\priv\96\19\afriimm.htm
The Economist May 11, 1996 p. 27 Race in America Black like me
WHY do black immigrants do so much better than blacks who are born in
America? In 1990, the median family income for black Americans was
$21,548, compared with almost $30,000 for African-born blacks and
more still for blacks born in Jamaica. American born black households
had a higher poverty rate, 31.6%, than any black immigrant group
except those from the Dominican Republic. Cubans, Haitians,
Jamaicans, Trinidadians and black Africans all did better. Immigrant
blacks are also less likely to get into trouble with the law. They
are "the most educated ethnic group in America" (Comment, I don't
know, the Indians, Jews and gays are all above 55% 4 yr degrees) It
suggests that racism (ssshhh) might not explain as much as culture an
attitude, and blacks who assimilate into urban black culture tend to
do worse, where those who assimilated into middle-class white culture
tended to succeed.
\priv\96\13\afrimm.htm "African Immigrants Who Aren't Black " by
Tibbett Speer January 1994 American Demographics The African-born
score higher than any other immigrant group in educational attainment
and income. Only half of them are black. 50% are black, 40% white,
10% Asian immigrants from Africa
@@against
%%Asians
[[Ling, Yeh Yeh
Anti-immigration Chinese woman, #2 after Norman Matloff as most
harmful traitor to Chinese
\priv\95\13\massimmg.txt "Mass Immigration hurts America" Seattle
Times Aug 29, 1995 Chinese YEH LING-LING calls for 5 year moratorim on
immigration, cites matloff
z39\clipim\99\12\12\yehling.efx Asian Week Dec 17, 1998
Overpopulation Hurts us all. Too many Chinese take away jobs, tick
off blacks, crowd schools and roads, jack up housing prices. Keep
California nice for the Chinese who are already here.
"New Group Focuses on Immigration Curbs" Asian Week July 2, 1998. New
minority led group. Headed by Yeh Yeh Ling, formerly of the Diversity
Coalition for an Immigration Moratorium. Vietnamese Chinese
immigrant. "A sustainable level of immigration enriches America, but
a high level exacerbates the problems", 3 of 5 board members are
minorities.
[[Matloff, Norman
See top for Norman Matloff's case that immigration of Asians,
especially high tech enginers, is most harmful to Blacks and other
Asians. He is Jewish, but acts as a member of the Chinese Community.
%%General
"The Immigration Wave: A Plea to Hold it Back" New York Times April
19, 1995 p. B2 review of "Alien Nation: Common Sense About America's
Immigration Disaster" by Peter Brimelow (Random House)
"The new wave, it stands to reason, will drive blacks out of jobs.
The new minorities will alter the nature of the nation state which
has been mostly white with a strong black minority. Whites will no
longer be the majority, blacks no longer the largest minority"
\clip\97\04\borjas.txt KNOW THE FLOW National Review April 17, 1995
ASIANS ARE STEALING AMERICAN INNOVATIONS AND JOBS! DON'T HIRE OR
ADMIT ASIANS!
\clip\97\03\warmean.txt A new Asian bashing book published by the
John Fialka - Dave Chiang BOOK: WAR BY OTHER MEANS Economic Espionage
in America By John J. Fialka Norton - 242 pages - $25
\clip\96\04\immgcon.txt THE CASE AGAINST IMMIGRATION The Moral,
Economic, Social, and Environmental Reasons for Reducing U.S.
Immigration Back to Traditional Levels by Roy Beck 287 pp. New York:
W. W. Norton & Company. $24. THE IMMIGRATION MYSTIQUE America's
False Conscience. By Chilton Williamson Jr. 202 pp. New York: Basic
Books. $23. Reviewed by Francis Fukuyama, New York Times Book
Review, Sept 1, 1996, p. 18
\priv\96\04\huddexc.txt Michael Lind The New Republic, April 1, 1996)
Huddled Excesses Says huddled masses need jobs. Charles Lane make a
response in The New Republic 4/8/96 Washington Diarist p. 42 f04096
\doc\96\02\nyimm.txt - David Chiang complains about anti-immigrant
engineer editorial in New York Times 3/19/96 \priv\96\04\nyteng.txt
original text of article says
\priv\96\04\beckbook.txt Beck book says immigrants take jobs
from blacks, do not take unwanted jobs, but flood the market.
\priv\95\15\spencer.txt - advocate says 65 immigration act was
racially motivated.
"Doing Right by Hong Kong" Economist Sept 30, 1995 p. 18 British Labor
party as been strongly anti-immigrant since the 1960's. Editors
believe that Hong Kong residents should be allowed to move to UK if
China take over doesn't work. Not all will come, since Hong Kong is a
place where things are moving, and many make more than the UK. 3.3
million could potentially come.
\priv\95\13\massimmg.txt "Mass Immigration hurts America" Seattle
Times Aug 29, 1995 Chinese YEH LING-LING calls for 5 year moratorim on
immigration, cites Matloff
"The Immigration Wave: A Plea to Hold it Back" New York Times April
19, 1995 p. B2 review of "Alien Nation: Common Sense About America's
Immigration Disaster" by Peter Brimelow (Random House)
"The new wave, it stands to reason, will drive blacks out of jobs.
The new minorities will alter the nature of the nation state which
has been mostly white with a strong black minority. Whites will no
longer be the majority, blacks no longer the largest minority"
\priv\95\13\sowell95.txt - ADDING A DOSE OF CANDOR TO IMMIGRATION
DISCUSSION by Thomas Sowell Seattle Times May 17, 1995 Review
of Brimelow book, largely supportive
- high rates of 3rd world disease
- high rates of elderly welfare and southeast Asian welfare
- russian and nigerian crime syndicates
\priv\95\13\sowell95.txt
MUSH, BUZZWORDS COLOR DEBATE OVER IMMIGRATION Seattle Times April 26,
1995 p. B5 Less than 5 percent of the immigrants from Britain or
Germany go on welfare when they get here, but more than one fourth the
immigrants from Vietnam go on welfare, as do nearly half of those from
Cambodia. That compares to 14 percent among American blacks.
@@age
\doc\95\07\closdoor.txt "Don't Close Our 'Golden Door'" John Miller,
Center for Equal Opportunity, Wash DC, Wall Street Journal May 25,
1995. Median age immigrants: 28 all us: 33 95% arrive before
retirement age vs. 13% of US senior citizens. 80% arrive before 45,
vs, 68% of general population
@@amnesty
z39\clip\2000\02\labor.txt Labor Urges Amnesty for Illegal Immigrants
By STEVEN GREENHOUSE NEW ORLEANS, Feb. 16 -- Adopting a sharp change
in policy, the American labor movement today called for blanket
amnesty for illegal immigrants and an end to most sanctions against
employers who hire them.
\priv\96b\08\nodeport.txt INS concluded immigrant was so assimilated,
deportation would constitute hardship.
@@apprehension
\doc\95\06\illapp.txt The Border Patrol apprehended more than
1 million in FY 94, but the same people are counted multiple times
and many come to work or visit, and return.
@@assimilating
\priv\95\16\laimmas.txt LA Timese piece says immigrants assimilate a
lot in 10 years. Los Angeles Times, 11/03/95 IMMIGRATION: A new study
challenges the generally unfavorable assumptions about Southern
California immigrants. By PATRICK J. McDONNELL, Times Staff Writer
AMERICA SHOULD ENCOURAGE ASSIMILATION INTO A COMMON IDENTITY AGAIN
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/WPlate/1997-02/09/078L-020997-idx.html
\clip\97\04\assimil.txt FROM MANY, ONE NATION America Must Again
Assimilate Its Immigrants The Washington Post, Sunday, February 9
1997 By Peter D. Salins
also see \clip\97\09\mignews.txt for review
\CLIP\96\02\USCULT.TXT AP 11-Aug-1996 13:09 EDT REF5245 U.S. Culture
A Struggle For Immigrants By DONNA ABU-NASR Associated Press Writer
WASHINGTON (AP) -- After living in the United States for 14 years,
Mahdiyyah Yousef decided she'd had enough. Last year, she packed her
bags and took her five daughters and two sons back home to the
impoverished Gaza Strip.
\clip\96\01\mignews.txt August 1996 Migration News The US Dept of
Labor surveyed the IRCA amnesty immigrants, found that 25% do not
speak much english after 10 years, althout lab force participation is
high, relatively few of the legalized aliens were able to move beyond
the restaurant and construction jobs they held as illegal aliens.
\priv\95\16\laimmas.txt LA Timese piece says immigrants assimilate a
lot in 10 years. Los Angeles Times, 11/03/95 IMMIGRATION: A new study
challenges the generally unfavorable assumptions about Southern
California immigrants. By PATRICK J. McDONNELL, Times Staff Writer
@@automatic citizenship
>>d:\priv\95\19\autociti.txt AP 13 Dec 95 Automatic Citizenship
Assailed Children of illegal immigrants should not be citizens.
@@Awards
Fortune Magazine March 2, 1998
America's Most Admired Companies
* High percentage of immigrant innovators
1. General Electric *
2. Microsoft *
3. Coca Cola
4. Intel *
5. Hewlett Packard *
6. Southwest Airlines
7. Berkshire and Hathaway
8. Disney
9. Johnson & Johnson
10. Merck *
PC Magazine July 1997
The PC Magazine 100 - companies behind the "perfect PC" that make the
computer what it is and what it ought to be.
#1 Microsoft (lead architect and 40% of hires immigrants)
#2 Intel Corporation (CEO and 30% of hires immigrants)
#3 IBM Corporation (depends on immigrants in labs)
#4 Netscape Communications Corp (immigrants on staff)
#5 Sun Microsystems (founded, staffed by immigrants)
Business Week jan 13, 1997 p. 57 Andrew Grove of Intel, Bill Gates of
Microsoft (hires 30-40% immigrants among new engineers) , John
Chambers of Cisco (veteran of immigrant founded Wang Labs), Michael
Dell (Matloff says that no person is important enough to justify
immigration, if Dell were an immigrant, would not pass his muster)
named among top 25 managers of 1996. 21 are US managers, parity for
immigrants would be 2 of 20. Also Phil Condit of Boeing, William
Esrey of Sprint, Lou Gerstner IBM, Christina Gold Avon, Hiroshi Okuda Toyta,
Sandy Warner JP Morgan Jack Welch GE Al Zeien Gillette.
@@asylum
@@asylum
\priv\95\20\asyclaim.txt - Work permits only issued if asylum granted or
not resolved in 180 days
\priv\95\18\mexasyl.txt - More mexico asylum cases
The INS granted 54 applications for political asylum from Mexican citizens
out of 9,304 received in fiscal year 1995, which ended Oct. 1. That was up
from the nine granted out of 9,323 requests the previous year.
\doc\95\13\frcasy.txt The Family Research Council notes that while
the Clinton administration no longers considers fleeing from forced
abortion to be a valid reason for asylum, they will grant it to
homosexuals fleeing persecution.
\doc\96\03\fgmasy.txt U.S. Frees African Fleeing Ritual Mutilation
By Celia W. Dugger
\priv\95\20\asyclaim.txt - Work permits only issued if asylum granted or
not resolved in 180 days
\priv\95\18\mexasyl.txt - More mexico asylum cases
The INS granted 54 applications for political asylum from Mexican citizens
out of 9,304 received in fiscal year 1995, which ended Oct. 1. That was up
from the nine granted out of 9,323 requests the previous year.
\doc\95\13\frcasy.txt The Family Research Council notes that while
the Clinton administration no longers considers fleeing from forced
abortion to be a valid reason for asylum, they will grant it to
homosexuals fleeing persecution.
@@australia
%%general
\clip\97\29\auunhap.txt "Ethnic underclass" evolving in Australia:
study " on arrival, 46.2 percent believed their lifestyle was worse,
while 42.9 percent felt they were better off."
AUSTRALIA REQUIRES SKILLED IMM TO HAVE $40,000 TO AVOID WELFARE IF
JOBLESS \clip\97\20\austskill.txt Now migrants need $40,000 Sydney
Morning Herald, Monday, September 15, 1997
\clip\97\13\austdown.txt Australia To Cut Immigration Intake By 8.1%
In FY97-98 AP-Dow Jones News Service, May 21, 1997
\clip\97\04\austasia.txt Many Australians Ponder Nation's Drift to
the Orient The New York Times, February 7, 1997 Asians make up less
than 5 percent of Australia's population of 18 million, they account
for 40 percent of its current immigrants, many Asians say they have
been verbally assaulted.
%%Hanson, Pauline
Charismatic leader of anti-immigrant (mostly anti-Asian) movement in
Australia. She was #1 vote getter but lost due to "preference" rules
in voting. This lady is really, really dangerous. In the US she might
be compared to David Duke but no one here has that kind of drawing
power.
PAULINE HANSON LOSES WITH #1 VOTES TO OTHER 2 PARTIES IN 1998 \doc\web\98\08\hanson.txt In Blair,
Pauline Hanson received (rounded out figures) 22,000 votes, the Labor
candidate 14,000, and the Liberal candidate 12,000 votes. Believe it
or not, the Liberal candidate 'won' the seat. Mrs Hanson, the clearly
preferred choice of the voters of Blair, 'lost' simply because
Australia's compulsory preferential system of voting has been
corrupted by the collusion of the main parties.
IF AUSTRALIA'S HANSON IS ANTI-ASIAN RACIST, WHAT IS AMERICA'S NORM
MATLOFF? \clip\97\15\austrace.txt
http://www.seattletimes.com/extra/browse/html97/ausi_061197.html
Wednesday, June 11, 1997 Australia's race debate is sending a ripple
through Asia by Jason Szep Reuters few Asian officials and ordinary
citizens expect Australia's backlash against Asian immigration - led
by politician Pauline Hanson - to affect trade ties.
ANTI-ASIAN AUSTRALIAN PELTED BY FRUIT \clip\97\12\hanson.txt
05/05/1997 10:11 EST Anti-Asian Lawmaker Attacks Gov't. By VIJAY
JOSHI Associated Press Writer SYDNEY, Australia (AP) -- A right-wing
politician campaigning to keep out Asian migrants accused the
government Monday of inciting weekend attacks by angry demonstrators
who pelted her with fruit.
NEW ZEALANDERS MORE LIKELY THAN ASIAN IMMIGRANTS IN AUSTRALIA TO END
UP SICK OR IN JAIL
http://www.csmonitor.com/plweb-cgi/idoc.pl?149194+unix+_free_user_+www.csmonitor.com..80+paper+paper+archives+archives++asian
\clip\97\06\austasia.txt INTERNATIONAL, Page 7 Some Fallacies About
Asian Immigrants in Australia Eileen McBride, Special to The
Christian Science Monitor SYDNEY 2/20/1997 Although some Australians
have tried to suggest otherwise, Asian immigrants do not contribute
to the disintegration of Australian "values," says the country's top
immigration official.
\clip\96\08\austasia.txt AP 5-Nov-1996 Copyright 1996. The Associated
Press. All Rights Reserved. Australia Debates Asian Immigration By
PETER JAMES SPIELMANN Associated Press Writer Animosity against
Australia's non-whites, including its 303,000 aboriginal people, has
become increasingly vocal. ..She called for a national army to defend
Australia from an Asian invasion. "I believe we are in danger of
being swamped by Asians," she said
\priv\96b\03\austral.txt CANBERRA, Australia, June 18 (Reuter) -
Australians think their country is accepting too many migrants and in
particular too many from Asia, according to a newspaper poll
published Wednesday. Fifty-one percent of those surveyed thought too
many immigrants came from particular regions -- 88 percent of those
said there were too many Asians.
@@benefit
\priv\95\20\immisacr.txt IMMIGRANTS CHANGE THE FACE OF SACRAMENTO
Scripps-McClatchy Western Service 12-26-95 They revive dying crime
ridden neighborhoods
\doc\95\14\econlabr.txt - Immigrants free women to work, give men
free time from gardening, lower the cost of garments.
\priv\95\13\immgrow.txt Business Week, October 9, 1995 By Michael J.
Mandel HOW IMMIGRATION CAPS CHOKE OFF GROWTH
\priv\95\12\whammove.txt Where Americans Are Moving Fortune Aug 21,
1995 p. 32 - Most population growth is driven by interstate, not
foreign migration, and cities with the highest growth rates are also
the most prosperous with most job growth. Place with people leaving
tend to be in decline
\clip\97\08\njimm.txt
N.J. Immigrants' Diversity and Education Tied to Public Backing
The New York Times , March 19, 1997
By CELIA W. DUGGER
New Jersey Immigrants are better off than nationally
- estimated that a native-born household pays on average $250 a year
more in state and local taxes because of the 1 million immigrants who
live in New Jersey.
- 70% of Asian immigrants vs. 50% nationally attended college
- 55% of Latin Am immigrants complete high school vs. 40% nat.
- estimates illegal costs as $153 million vs. $130 in taxes paid
by illegal immigrants.
-Kristin F. Butcher, an assistant professor of economics at Boston
College, and Anne M. Piehl, an assistant professor of public policy
at Harvard University, reviewed the economic data and found that
immigrants had not damaged the wages or employment of U.S.-born
workers
- high school dropouts may have benefited, not lost jobs and
wages to immigrants
because they helped expand industries.
- immigrants receive somewhat more in benefits than they pay in
taxes. That is largely because immigrant households earn slightly
less than native-born people and have more children.
Press release found at:
http://www.urban.org/news/pressrel/pr970319.htm
\clip\97\09\newjersey\newjersey.htm
\clip\96\08\siliboom.txt AP 29-Oct-1996 13:08 EST REF5451 Copyright
1996. The Associated Press. All Rights Reserved. Silicon Valley Has
Housing Boom By CATALINA ORTIZ AP Business Writer SAN JOSE, Calif.
(AP) -- Robert Andrews did well for himself when Netscape
Communication Corp. went public, and put some of his windfall into a
$300,000 weekend house. (immigants contribute to wealth in silicon
valley)
\priv\96b\07\bcchin.txt Date: Tue, 9 Jul 1996 01:48:03 -0400 Asian
Immigrants Flock to British Columbia By Aviva Freudmann, The Journal
of Commerce Knight-Ridder/Tribune Business News. Chinese immigrants
have fueled an economic boom, and escaped stagnation that afflicted
the rest of Canada.
\priv\96b\06\immretu.txt June 10, 1996 IMMIGRANTS RETURN MORE THAN
THEIR SHARE: New Tomas Rivera Center Study Highlights Immigrant
Lifetime Contributions to California
\priv\95\20\immisacr.txt IMMIGRANTS CHANGE THE FACE OF SACRAMENTO
Scripps-McClatchy Western Service 12-26-95 They revive dying crime
ridden neighborhoods
\doc\95\14\econlabr.txt - Immigrants free women to work, give men
free time from gardening, lower the cost of garments.
\priv\95\13\immgrow.txt Business Week, October 9, 1995 By Michael J.
Mandel HOW IMMIGRATION CAPS CHOKE OFF GROWTH
\priv\95\12\whammove.txt Where Americans Are Moving Fortune Aug 21,
1995 p. 32 - Most population growth is driven by interstate, not
foreign migration, and cities with the highest growth rates are also
the most prosperous with most job growth. Place with people leaving
tend to be in decline
@@better
Norman Matloff is the only proponent of the idea that immigrants are
disproportionately UNDER represented among the most talented and
innovative. Here is contrary evidence.
\clip\98\12\saesum.htm
MIGRATION OF FOREIGN
SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS TO THE UNITED STATES WORKSHOP SUMMARY
Prepared by Parvina Rebbi and Robert Lucas On May 21, 1997, a
workshop on the migration of foreign scientists and engineers to the
United States was sponsored by the Sloan Foundation and held at the
Institute for Economic Development, Boston University. The workshop
was conducted in four main panels: The first panel addressed the role
of foreign science and engineering students at American universities.
Panelists: Thomas Espenshade, Michael Finn, Norman Matloff
FOREIGN GRAD STUDENTS GRAD IN LESS TIME AND HIGHER RATE
For all graduate students receiving degrees, the time required for
completion of the Ph.D. program was seven years, as compared to 6.1
years for temporary residents and 7.2 years for permanent residents.
Both the greater completion rate and the shorter time to completion
for foreign temporary residents are statistically significant.
In the physical science and engineering disciplines, approximately 42
percent of foreign students who graduated after 1980 were employed in
the United States in 1992. estimated rates of stay for Indian and
Chinese graduate students were very high
according to Matloff. He claimed that few foreign students are
exceptionally talented and that the majority of foreign and native
graduate students are of ordinary talent. As a result, entry of
foreign students in American graduate programs leads to an excess of
computer scientists in the software labor market.
STEPHAN: CONTRIBUTIONS OF IMMIGRANTS IS DISPROPORTIONATE IN HIGH TECH
Paula Stephan ..including: the 250 most cited authors, authors of
"Hot Papers" and "Citation Classics" as determined by ISI, members of
the National Academies of Science and Engineering, authors of highly
cited patents in medical devices and diagnostics, scientists who have
played a key role in launching biotechnology firms and winners of
research and development innovator awards. The results of the study
indicate that a disproportionate number of foreign born scientists
and engineers have contributed to industrial research and development
in the United States. Moreover this pattern holds in the life
sciences, physical sciences and engineering fields. 10 See Paula
Stephan and Sharon Levin, "The Birth Origin and Educational
Background of Scientists and Engineers Making Exceptional
Contributions to U.S. Science and Engineering", final report to the
Sloan Foundation, 1995.
NICHOLS ASKS STEPHAN ABOUT IMMIGRANT ACHIEVEMENT
\doc\web\98\06\stephan.txt
@@biographies of notable immigrants and companies
%%Abraham, Senator Spencer of Michigan
WWW Home Page http://www.senate.gov/~abraham/
New conservative Republican champion of the positive effects of
immigration.
Immigration Review Fall/winter 1996/97 "Senator Spencer Abraham"
Elected to Senate in 1994 Promised to defend the interests of Cypress
and other high-tech companies.
\clip\97\17\abraham.txt WASHINGTON -- Republican Relishes Role as
Champion Of Legal Immigration He's out to change the GOP's image San
Francisco Chronicle, Tuesday, July 8, 1997 Louis Freedberg, Chronicle
Washington Bureau
\clip\97\09\abraham.txt Senators use rank to set pet priorities
Achievements of immigrants get hearing from Chairman Abraham Detroit
News, March 23, 1997 By Lisa Zagaroli Detroit News Washington Bureau
WASHINGTON -When Sen. Spencer Abraham leads the next debate on
immigration in Congress, he won't focus on the usual images of
illegal border crossings, welfare fraud and drug trafficking.
\clip\97\08\abraham.txt A doctor takes aim at Abraham Anger over
senator's pro-immigrant stance spurs possible campaign The Detroit
Free Press, March 14, 1997 BY LORI MONTGOMERY Free Press Washington
Staff [Dr. John Tanton leads FAIR against immigration, targets
Senator U.S. Sen. Spencer Abraham, Michigan's popular Republican
freshman who leads support of immigration]
%%Brodsky Jascha - Violinist
\clip\97\07\brodsky.txt New York Times March 6, 1997 Jascha Brodsky,
90, Violinist at Curtis Institute
%%Chen
\clip\97\08\chen.txt Dr. Shiuh Yung James Chen develops software to
convert 2D x-rays into 3 dimensional data AP 16-Mar-1997 DENVER (AP)
-- A computer software program that converts two-dimensional X-rays
of the heart's arteries into three-dimensional graphics has been
developed by a computer scientist and an University of Colorado heart
surgeon. (Norman Matloff says it's nothing special)
%%Cypress
From Migration News Feb 1997 Sen. Abraham on January 15, 1997 visited
California's Silicon Valley and promised to resist limits on legal
immigration. According to his host, Cypress Semiconductor Corp.,
about 40 percent of the research and development jobs at Cypress are
held by immigrants and each R&D job creates nine additional jobs.
(Norman Matloff says the CEO of Cypress knows nothing about hiring)
%%FAIR
c:\clip\97\08\abraham.txt
A doctor takes aim at Abraham Anger over senator's pro-immigrant
stance spurs possible campaign The Detroit Free Press, March 14, 1997
[Dr. John Tanton leads FAIR against immigration, targets Senator U.S.
Sen. Spencer Abraham, Michigan's popular Republican freshman who
leads support of immigration]
"But Tanton, in his characteristically blunt manner, likens the flood
of humanity to bacteria. "In the bacteriology lab, we have culture
plates," he said. "You put a bug in there and it starts growing and
gets bigger and bigger and bigger. And it grows until it finally
fills the whole plate. And it crashes and dies. "That's the big
picture," he said. "If you don't buy that, then there's nothing we
can talk about."
(At least Mr Tanton doesn't make thinly veiled anti-Chinese statments
defaming the contributions and abilities of the Chinese Americans
like the less well-known Norman Matloff who is more frequently cited)
%%General
said Alice Yardum-Hunter, an immigration attorney and one of the
contest organizers. "All too often we forget that people like Bob
Hope, Elizabeth Arden, Albert Einstein, Alexander Graham Bell, and
E.I. du Pont were all immigrants to the United States."
\clip\97\13\immessay.txt 2 Honored for Essays on Importance of
Immigrants Los Angeles Times, Tuesday, May 20, 1997
%%High Tech Labor
The other side of Asians in Silicon Valley - Vietnamese and Filipino
assemblers
\clip\97\09\silivall\silivall.txt
http://www.amagazine.com/at.live/amagazine/magazine95.10/silicon/silicon.html
A Magazine October 1995
DOWN AND OUT IN SILICON VALLEY page 30... After years of
diminished expectations, the world's foremost high-tech center has
made a comeback. So why are Filipino and Vietnamese workers--once the
backbone of the Valley's cyber-economy--still out of a job? By Eric
Lai
%%Ho DAVID HO FROM TAIWAN IS TIME MAN OF THE YEAR
FOR AIDS RESEARCH
David Ho \clip\97\07\hoyear.txt The Tao of Ho: His Tenacity and
Legendary Tranquility both Spring From the Immigrant Experience By
Howard Chua-Eoan Time DECEMBER 30, 1996/JANUARY 6, 1997 VOL. 148 NO.
29 (AIDS researcher, Taiwan immigrant Chinese)
%%Hsu
\clip\97\03\gracie.txt Gracie Hsu's parent from Taiwan
CHINESE IMMIGRANT FOUNDED KINGSTON MEMORY GIVES $75K BONUS CHECK TO
EMPLOYEES
%%Intel
Andrew Grove - CEO of Intel, #1 Microprocessor manufacturer in the
world, heart of most PC's. Norman Matloff says that Intel is harmful
to high tech, and has made no significant contributions.
"Intel to add 3,000 jobs" Santa Clara expansion is one of the largest
in the 1990s in Silicon Valley. San Jose March 22, 1997. This is a
50% increase over the current county workforce of 6,000. Intel
controls 85% of the world microprocessor market, and is the largest
chip manufacturer in the world.
%%Kingston
"Playing Santa: Two Silicon Valley entrepeneurs share the wealth"
F010697-2 Bert Eljera Asian Week Dec 27, 1996 p. 9 Company founded by
Chinese immigrants in 1987. Sun and Tu made the Forbes list of 400
wealthiest Americans, finished 1995 with 1.3 billion in sales with an
annual increase of 60%.
David Sun, John Tu \clip\96\12\kingston.txt AP 16-Dec-1996 Calif
Company Gives $75K Bonuses Kingston is the world's largest maker of
computer memory products. founded by Chinese immigrants David Sun
and John Tu
%%Khan, Phillipe
Phillipe Khan - Founder of Borland, Turbo Pascal was first compiler
for the masses. Khan was an illegal immigrant.
\clip\96\08\indsucc.txt Indian inventor
%%Microsoft
"Senate mulls lifting lid on engineering visas" ee times mar 2, 1998 p.
16 republicans and some demos will support raising the h-1b cp from
65,000 per year Michael Murray vp human resources said tha microsoft
hired 1707 last year, only 3 per campus if cap expires in june , as
many as 80 foreign engineers might not be hired
30% - 40% of new microsoft
technical people are immimgrants, entering at very high levels of
experience and skills.
%%Migdal, Alexander
EX-SOVIET SCIENTIST ANOTHER IMMIGRANT WHO CREATES JOBS AND INNOVATES
"Ex-Soviet Scientist Reshapes 3D for PCs" Wall Street Journal April
30, 1997 p. B1. Alexander "Sahsa" Migdal founded a company which was
bought by MetaTools of Carpenteria California, and created a
technology which may allow PC's to perform many 3D feats that could
only be done by much more expensive workstations.
%%Pei, I.M.
I.M. Pei Famous Architect
Liu Shih-shun, Chinese diplomat to Canada, ambassador to
Mexico. 32 descendents earned 22 college degrees
\clip\96\02\liushih.txt 7 Aug 1996 NewsHound@sjmercury.com
%%Wang, An (Wang Computer Company)
Invented core memory, pioneer in desktop, word processing and
mini-computers. The only famous Chinese immigrant that Norman Matloff
says has made important technical contributions
%%Wang, Charles (Computer Associates)
CEO of 2nd largest software company
in world by the 1990s (was the largest before Microsoft grew bigger)
, Shanghai born. Norman Matloff says that he is not even an immigrant.
%%Wu
\clip\97\04\chienwu.txt Physicist Chien-Shiung Wu Dies Woman
physicist from China, helped build A bomb, disproved symmetry
%%Yang
Jerry Yang Co-Founder of Yahoo, leading and first well-known internet
search engine
http://www.citivu.com/dvorak/95awds.html \clip\97\08\dvorak.txt
Winners for the 1995 Dvorak PC Telecommunications Excellence Awards
Best Online Topical Index : " Jerry Yang and David Filo started Yahoo
in April, 1994 as Pre-Doctoral students in Electrical Engineering at
Stanford University. Their idea was to keep track of interesting
sites, for their own personal use. "
http://www.businessweek.com/1996/07/b346299.htm
2/12/96 Business Week "What Hath Yahoo Wrought?" "The company to beat
remains Yahoo--the first to market and backed by roughly $6 million
in venture capital. It's already turning profits from selling spots
on its pages to more than 50 advertisers, and it boasts one of the
strongest brand names in cyberspace. It started out in April, 1994,
after its founders, Jerry Yang and David Filo, recognized the growing
popularity of their informal listings of Web sites"
http://www.iworld.com/corporate/releases/96.02.21-yang.html February
Web Developer Conference Keynoted by Yang of Yahoo Feb 21, 1996,
Westport, CT--Mecklermedia Corporation (Nasdaq: MECK), the leading
source for information about the Internet, concluded Web Developer
'96 in Chicago "The Internet is no longer just a business place
environment or a place for academics and university students, it is a
consumer medium," said Jerry Yang, Chief Yahoo of Yahoo Inc., who
keynoted the technically oriented program., calling for the continued
commitment by Webmasters and corporations to the growth of the
Internet.
\clip\97\08\upstart.txt upSTART Feature Article November 11, 1995
Volume 01 Issue 01 Premiere Issue: Featuring An Interview with Yahoo!
Co-Founder Jerry Yang.
\clip\96\01\jyang.html http://www.kpix.com/apah/JYang.html Jerry Yang
biography on KPIX page Norman Matloff says the Jerry would NOT
qualify as talent extraordinary enough to allow as in immigrant.
\clip\96\01\yahofoun.txt Yahoo co-founder was Jerry Yang, 26 of
Stanford.
@@Birth citizenship
The 14th amendment which grants equal rights to blacks also stated
"All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to
the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of
the State wherein they reside." Some people want to change this.
\priv\95\14\hkbirt.txt - Chinese mothers try to sneak into Hong Kong in
hopes of citizenship for babies.
14TH AMENDMENT WAS NOT INTENDED FOR CHILDREN OF ILLEGAL ALIENS
\clip\98\08\ark.txt On Citizenship Asian Week April 2, 1998 p. 5 Saw
Lim-Skain San Francisco Ca "Sen. Jacob Howard, who drafte the
citizenship language made it clear: "This will not, of course,
include persons born in the United States who are foreigners,
alieans, who belong to the families of ambassadors or foreign
ministers.." (congressional record May 30, 1866)."
CHINESE CASE ESTABLISHED BIRTH CITIZENSHIP
Our Birthright Emil Guillermo Asian Week 3/26/98
Wong Kim Ark was one of the first am born Chinese in 1873. He was not
allowed to return under the Chinese Exclusion act. March 28, 1898 the
Supreme court ruled that the 14th amendnent says that all who are
born or naturalized are citizens, even the Chinese
\priv\95\19\autociti.txt AP 13 Dec 95 Automatic Citizenship
Assailed [Children of illegal immigrants should not be citizens]
\clip\96\05\birtcitz.txt From: RAOULLC@aol.com Subject: Column for 23
September 20 September 1996 To: OP/Ed Editor. Says that the 14th
amendment recognizes that all who are born are citizens whether their
parents are here legallly or not.
\clip\96\02\immbirt.txt The New York Times, August 6, 1996 The
Republicans Platform Unit Acts on Illegal Immigrants' Children
By DAVID E. ROSENBAUM. They propose eliminating automatic
citizenship for children of illegal immigrants.
\clip\96\02\repplat.txt The New York Times, August 7, 1996 GOP Panel
Backs Change in Constitution on Citizenship By ROBERT PEAR
\clip\96\02\birtcont.txt Another assault on immigration. BIRTH
CONTROL By Stephen Chapman New Republic April 8, 1996. There is no
evidence immigrants come mainly to give their children citizenship.
Most illegals won't be deported, children or not. 70 percent of
births in LA County public hospitals are to illegal women. One study
found 15% of new mothers in border area hospitals crossed the border
to give birth, 1/4 (4%) did so to give citizenship, but most for a
different reason. Out of 1.7 million undocumented, only 100,000
births. Argues to keep 14th amendment protection to all those born
and naturalized in the US.
\priv\95\14\hkbirt.txt - Chinese mothers try to sneak into Hong Kong in
hopes of citizenship for babies.
@@blacks, harmful to
Immigration critics say that immigrants have lead to black decline,
but almost every statistic has been improving for blacks, not
declining. Pessimism is just another excuse for racism when one
group blames another.
\clip\98\11\midlat.txt
http://www.mercurycenter.com:80/premium/front/docs/impact17.htm
August 17, 1998, in the San Jose Mercury News Middle America grapples
with an influx of Latinos BY BEN STOCKING AND EDWIN GARCIA Mercury
News Staff Writers `They need to go back to where they came from,''
``They're getting all the jobs, and you can't find houses to rent
because they're getting those, too.''
Urban Labor Markets: Immigants vs. African Americans Dr. Frank L.
Morris review of Still the Promised City? by roger Waldinger
Immigration Review Fall/Winter 1996-97 \images\972\112097\p08.tif
"African Americans should have a competitive advantage over most
immigrants because of Black's generally higher educational attainment
and better english skills" [but they lack ethnic niches - established
markets to whites, such as restaurants, sweatshops or migrant labor
that less educated Latinos and Asians work in, have opportunity to
use welfare not open to other immigrants.] Finds NY Fire dept still
close to blacks [but much, much more open than to immigrants, blacks
are at or over parity in most CA fire depts, Hispanics and Asians far
below] can enter with a labor market advantage over AA because they
can benefit immediately from the already-establed immigrant
occupational niches [which begs the question why blacks don't have
such niches - they used to but nearly all such niches are today
considered to be "beneath" their dignity]
ILLEGAL WORKERS DISPLACE POOR BLACKS?
\clip\97\25\illwork.txt
San Diego Union-Tribune, Sunday, November 2, 1997
JOBS MAGNET. First of three parts.
The border fences are stronger and the number of guards has grown. Yet
undocumented immigrants continue to find their way into the United States.
They come for jobs. And they're getting them.
-------------------------------------------------------------------
MINORITY ENGINEERS HARMED BY IMMIGRATION? UP 6.5% IN 95-96
Comment - The Center for Immigration Studies and Norm Matloff says
that immigrant Asians harm blacks, but all of the minorities
increased in engineering. There is room for everybody.
ref: \doc\web\97\02\MINENG.TXT image: \clip\97\03\mingrad.gif
"Minority engineering grads hit record" Electrial Engineering
Times Jan 27, 1997 p. 88.
National Action Council For Minorities in Engineering data:
Engineering Degrees 1995-96
Increas Num Group
7.7% 3,120 African-Am
14.3% 263 Native American
4.9% 2,942 Latino
------------------------------------------------------
IMMIGRATION IMPACT SAYS IMMIGRATION TIED TO BLACK DECLINES, BUT MOST
BLACK STATISTICS HAVE BEEN IMPROVING
\doc\97\01\immpact.txt Immigration Impact: Documenting the Effects of
Immigration on African Americans July-August 1996 Vol 1 No. 2 P.O.
Box 16360 Alexandria VA 22302 F010597-1
During tight labor low-immigration era of 1940 to 1970, the black
middle class few from 22 to 71 percent. By 1970, the "march towards
equality" stalled and the black middle class had started to shrink.
"The connections between high immigration and setbacks for black
Americans are far too numerous and detailed to be dismissed as a mere
coincidence"
Historic Betrayal by Boy Bell, exerpt from "The Case Against
Immigration"
Arthur Hu comment - problem is, nearly every statistic for blacks has
been improving, whether it is standard of living, education, or
representation in desirable professional jobs, often doubling per
decade. Blacks test scores are up, and high school graduation rates
have reached parity with whites.
\priv\96b\08\minbusup.txt 8/7/96 The Atlanta Journal and Constitution
Business Report: Small Business By Hank Ezell, The Atlanta Journal
and Constitution If Asian business is up by 112 percent, and
immigrants harm blacks, why are black businesses up by 80% too?
\priv\96\13\newsouth.txt The Newest Southerners by Judith Waldrop
October 1993 American Demographics http://www.marketingtools.com
The idea that immigrants take jobs away from native blacks has been
largely disproved, says Thomas Espenshade, a sociologist with
Princeton University. In his studies of Los Angeles and 51 other
metropolitan areas, Espenshade found that immigrants had no effect on
black employment or earnings. Even after the Mariel Boat Lift brought
125,000 Cubans into Miami, researchers found no adverse economic
impact on the black community.
\doc\96\03\moreeng.txt DC. based-Center for Immigration studies claims
Asians displace minority engineers, but black engineers increased by
66%, and black math and computer scientists increased by 85% despite
90% and 237% growth in Asians driven largely by immigration.
1980-1990 change in % (+ 100 for ratio)
engineers T23.7 W15.6 B65.9 A89.5 H70.2
math/comp sci T38.8 W21.5 B85.4 A237 H133
\doc\96\03\blakjan.txt "Evauating Costs, Benefits of Immigration" San
Francisco Chronicle June 23, 1993 p. A6 San Francisco Chronicle -
Black Janitors used to dominate large buildings at $9 an hour, but
were replaced by Hispanic contractors hiring at minimum wage with no
benefits. Most of the 2,000 blacks were displaced and have not
returned to the industry.
d:\priv\96\04\11wald.htm - NY Times argues blacks need training, and
employers need to hire them, not restrict immigrants.
also immwal2.txt comment
>>\doc\96\01\econmigr.txt "The economics of immigration" San Francisco
Examiner June 13, 1993. Black janitors are down due to immigration, but
blacks increase in almost every desirable field, so this is not
neccesarily bad.
\doc\95\15\econblak.txt Alien Nation, Peter Brimelow p. 173 "Economic
Consequences for Blacks". Immigrants replaced and retarded progress of
blacks, links rise in problems to 1965 immigration change
\priv\95\15\immbackl.txt A Business Week/Harris Poll in 1992 found
that while 59% of those surveyed thought historically immigration has
been good for the US, 69% of non-blacks and 53% of blacks thought
present-day immigration was bad. Black views may be prompted by
different reasons than those of whites, since it is likely that Blacks
are resentful of the success of recent immigrants appearing to
overtake them economically,
\priv\95\14\immtake.txt UNSKILLED IMMIGRANTS ARE TAKING JOBS AWAY
FROM POOR BLACKS Chicago Tribune Oct 25, 1995 Richard Estrada (Dallas
Morning News)
\priv\95\14\matlof2.txt Norm Matloff: I made the argument that
immigration is hurting African-Americans. To my great surprise, the
people accepted my argument and showed great concern about the
situation. But to my distress, they said that as long as Republicans
(e.g. Lamar Smith) were the ones proposing immigration-reform bills,
these liberals would oppose them! One wonders how deep their concern
about blacks really is after all.
@@Black Americans
d:\priv\96\04\11wald.htm - NY Times argues blacks need training, and
employers need to hire them, not restrict immigrants.
also immwal2.txt comment
>>\doc\96\01\econmigr.txt "The economics of immigration" San Francisco
Examiner June 13, 1993. Black janitors are down due to immigration, but
blacks increase in almost every desirable field, so this is not
neccesarily bad.
\doc\95\15\econblak.txt Alien Nation, Peter Brimelow p. 173 "Economic
Consequences for Blacks". Immigrants replaced and retarded progress of
blacks, links rise in problems to 1965 immigration change
\priv\95\15\immbackl.txt A Business Week/Harris Poll in 1992 found
that while 59% of those surveyed thought historically immigration has
been good for the US, 69% of non-blacks and 53% of blacks thought
present-day immigration was bad. Black views may be prompted by
different reasons than those of whites, since it is likely that Blacks
are resentful of the success of recent immigrants appearing to
overtake them economically,
\priv\95\14\immtake.txt UNSKILLED IMMIGRANTS ARE TAKING JOBS AWAY
FROM POOR BLACKS Chicago Tribune Oct 25, 1995 Richard Estrada (Dallas
Morning News)
\priv\95\14\matlof2.txt Norm Matloff: I made the argument that
immigration is hurting African-Americans. To my great surprise, the
people accepted my argument and showed great concern about the
situation. But to my distress, they said that as long as Republicans
(e.g. Lamar Smith) were the ones proposing immigration-reform bills,
these liberals would oppose them! One wonders how deep their concern
about blacks really is after all.
@@body shop
\priv\95\15\bodshop.txt - Richards starts SoftPac when Americans are
replaced by Indian contractors. The Dallas Morning News
Knight-Ridder/Tribune Business News Oct. 30 -- ENGINEERS, PROGRAMMERS
BATTLE 'BODY SHOPPING'
@@book
Immigrants Out! : The New Nativism
and the Anti-Immigrant Impulse in the United States (Critical
America) by Juan F. Perea (Editor) Paperback Published by New York
Univ Pr Publication date: January 1, 1997 Dimensions (in inches):
9.96 x 7 x 1 ISBN: 0814766420 List: $19.95
http://www.nytimes.com/books/
New York Times Review of Books, search under "immigration"
\doc\web\97\03\hingbook.txt From: msk@us.net (Mark Krikorian) New
York University Press has just published by Bill Ong Hing. I
haven't seen the book yet, but Peter Skerry, in a review in Sunday's
New York Times, had this to say: "Mr. Hing has written a long,
meandering essay that relies for evidence on a motley mix of tedious
summaries of technical economic studies, unpersuasive newspaper
articles and personal anecdotes.
@@Canada
Canada's Yawning Need for Immigrants Grows
wsj 7/10/2000
even though canada brings more proportion compared to other
nations, it only got 173,000 of 200k oal
net immig per 1000 g7
5.6 canada
2.9 germ any
2.8 us
1.2 italy
.7 france
.7 uk
0 japan
CANADA SOURING ON NEW IMMIGRANTS
\clip\99\13\canimm.txt New York TIMES 7/2/99
http://www.nytimes.com/yr/mo/day/news/world/canada-identity.html
HALIFAX JOURNAL Canada Celebrates Immigrants, but Which Ones? By
ANTHONY DePALMA
ALIFAX, Nova Scotia -- Certain countries, like certain people, find
celebrating their own birthdays a bit awkward. Canada is one.
Canada's immigrants are creating a mosaic Howard Schneider Washongton Post
Seattle Times Aug 2, 1998 p. A19
17% immigrant about 2x usa
17% dont spaeak eng or french
2% of military nonwhite vs 10 population
40% Toronto, but not hockey
over 50% vancouver central school dist have non-eng mother language
%%GENERAL
Press release and charts
http://www.statcan.ca/Daily/English/971104/d971104.htm
\clip\97\28\canada\canada.htm
MIGRATION NEWS Vol. 4, No. 12 December, 1997 \clip\97\28\mignews.txt
Canada: 17 Percent Immigrant At the end of 1996, there were five
million foreign-born residents in Canada, making immigrants 17
percent of the 29 million Canadians, up from 16 percent in 1991. A
total of one million immigrants arrived between 1991 and 1996,
including 256,000 in 1993; over half of these recent immigrants were
born in Asia; 20 percent were born in Europe.
VANCOUVER RATED LESS RACIST TOWARDS IMMIGRANTS THAN TORONTO \DOC\WEB\CLIP\97\23\CANRACI.TXT
http://www.arthurhu.com/clip/97/23/canraci.txt
CHINESE AND S. ASIANS LEADING IMMIGRANTS TO CANADA So far in 1997,
the leading countries of origin for immigrants arriving in Canada
were Hong Kong, 18,200; China, 14,000; India, 13,800; Taiwan, 10,400;
and Pakistan, 8,200. \CLIP\97\21\MIGNEWS.TXT MIGRATION NEWS Vol. 4,
No. 10 October, 1997 http://migration.ucdavis.edu
\clip\97\18\vancouv.txt [For CISNEWS subscribers: This story
highlights the interest real estate developers have in high
immigration, perhaps also explaining why Fannie Mae, the leading
source of home mortgage financing in the United States, has gotten
into the business of promoting mass immigration. -- Mark Krikorian]
For Vancouver, Party's Over as Immigrants Head Home The Wall Street
Journal, July 23, 1997 By TAMSIN CARLISLE Staff Reporter of The Wall
Street Journal
\clip\97\08\canpop.txt
http://www.seattletimes.com/extra/browse/html97/cana_032697.html
Wednesday, March 26, 1997 Immigration helps Canada lead West in
population growth by Reuters OTTAWA - Boosted by immigration,
Canada's population growth in 1995 was the highest in the Western
industrialized world, the government statistics agency said
yesterday. Canada's population expanded by 1.3 percent in 1995, with
more than half the gains coming from immigration, Statistics Canada
said.
@@Carrying Capacity Network
Population based group that opposes immigration, has hired Yeh Yeh
Ling, a Chinese immigrant as one of their spokesbodies.
Carrying Capacity Network attack on
study that immigrants are beneficial
@@children \priv\95\14\immchild.txt - IMMIGRANT
CHILDREN AND THEIR FAMILIES: ISSUES FOR RESEARCH AND POLICY (in The
Future of Children (Summer/Fall 1995, Volume 5, Number 2) published by
The Center for the Future of Children The David and Lucile Packard
Foundation) http://www.futureofchildren.org
@@Borjas
Noted anti-immigrant researcher claims immigrants harm native poor
(but most of high high school dropouts ARE immigrants! only 9%
of the US has less than high school ed)
Immigrants accused of hurting poor
http://www.hotcoco.com/news/nation/stories/kbk05585.htm By Mark Helm
HEARST NEWSPAPERS "WASHINGTON -- The 300,000 immigrants with less
than a high school education who come to the United States each year
are driving wages down and pushing unemployment up for unskilled
American workers, particularly blacks and Latinos, two professors
said last week. "The slight gain in wealth that immigration provides
the country as a whole is being paid for by unskilled, native-born
workers," George Borjas, a professor at Harvard University's Kennedy
School of Government, told the House Subcommittee on Immigration and
Claims. Borjas estimated that while immigration benefits the country
by $10 billion annually, American workers without a high school
education lose an average of $1,915 a year because of competition
from low-skill immigrant laborers. "Basically, immigration, as it
stands today, is great for educated, middle-class consumers and
terrible for poor, working families," he said. Each year, Borjas
said, about 900,000 legal immigrants enter the United States. Of
these, one-third have less than a high school education. Nine percent
of American workers have less than a high school education."
\clip\97\29\borjas.txt Findings We Never Found The New York Times,
December 10, 1997 By GEORGE J. BORJAS and RICHARD B. FREEMAN
[National Academy of Sciences study: immigrants are not free, cause
harm to dropouts]
\priv\96\13\borjas.doc Painful Wall Street Journal April 26, 1996 p.
1 Figures Despite His Heritage, Prominent Economist Backs Immigration
Cut Born in Cuba, George Borjas Says His Census Research, Not His
Past, Guides ideas: Why Congress Is Listening By BOB DAVIS Staff
Reporter of THE WALL STREET Journal
In another study, he calculates that native workers
lose $133 billion a year in lower salaries because of
immigrant competition; employers pocket the money, and
then some, as reduced expenses. Unskilled natives
suffer the most.
@@Brain Drain
CANADA LOSES, US GAINS WHEN CANADIAN HI TECH WORKERS IMMIGRATE
\clip\98\17\brain.txt Get tough on brain drain, expert urges Make
emigrants from Canada repay subsidy for education: expert By Bert
Hill The Ottawa Citizen, November 16, 1998 the brain drain cost
Canada $11.8 billion between 1989 and 1996 even though Canada
attracted slightly more expertise from abroad than it lost...lost
taxpayer investments in emigrants' education as well as the cost of
helping new immigrants settle and the time -- up to 15 years -- that
it takes for their incomes and taxes to match those of the emigrants
they replace. To attract skilled immigrants from abroad, Dr.
Devoretz recommended giving immigrants in such high-demand fields as
engineering a tax rebate for the first five years of residence.
@@Buchanan
BUCHANAN ADMIRES ASIANS, BUT HATES OTHER IMMIGRANTS?
\clip\2000\01\buch.txt To Reunite a Nation Patrick J. Buchanan
January 18, 2000 Richard Nixon Library Yorba Linda, CA Like all of
you, I am awed by the achievements of many recent immigrants. Their
contributions to Silicon Valley are extraordinary. The
over-representation of Asian-born kids in advanced high school math
and science classes is awesome, and, to the extent that it is
achieved by a superior work ethic, these kids are setting an example
for all of us. The contributions that immigrants make in small
businesses and hard work in tough jobs that donít pay well merits our
admiration and deepest respect. And, many new immigrants show a
visible love of this country and an appreciation of freedom that
makes you proud to be an American.
@@china
[[Anti-chinese
Date: Wed, 2 Jul 1997 08:10:07 -0400 [Anne Woo-Sam
writes:] Dear John, I can't cite
primary sources directly, but several books on California history
should be saturated with references: these include Alexander Saxton's
Indispensable Enemy, one of the later chapters in Saxton's Rise and
Fall of the White Republic, Clarence Sandemeyer's The Anti-Chinese
Movement in California, and Roger Daniel's Politics of Prejudice.
Saxton and Sandemeyer cover the anti-Chinese movement of the late
19th century; Daniel covers the anti- Japanese movement for teh early
twentieth-century. You might also look at some of the labor union
periodicals that appeared during the time, like the Coast Seaman's
Journal and Labor Calrion, which Saxton should cite. Good luck.
[[asylum
\doc\95\06\chinasy.txt - At no time under the Bush Executive Order
did asylum grants exceed a few hundred in any given year -- and this
was during a period when boat smuggling traffic was much higher than
it is now. EGrant@hr.house.gov
[[Exclusion
\doc\97\01\green.txt writes about anti-chinese labor movement
BOOK DOCUMENTS ANTI-CHINESE IMMIGRATION LAWS
\clip\96\10\chinimm.txt H-NET BOOK REVIEW Published by H-Law@msu.edu
(November 1996) Lucy E. Salyer. _Laws Harsh as Tigers: Chinese
Immigrants and the Shaping of Modern Immigration Law_. Chapel Hill
and London: University of North Carolina Press, 1995. xix + 338 pp.
Notes and index. $45.00 US (cloth), 0-807-82218-3 ISBN and $17.95 US
(paper), ISBN 0-807-84530-2. Reviewed for H-Law by Nelson G. Dong,
Dorsey & Whitney LLP, Minneapolis, Summary: immigration laws were
shaped by fear and hatred of the Chinese, "paper sons" were one
response to exclusion. " On the whole, immigrants tended to be poor
workers living in cities. Consequently, Americans from all sides
perceived them as a threat of one sort or another."
Norman Matloff continues this proud tradition of anti-Chinese
sentiment, only with an academic bent.
\doc\96\06\chinman.txt (citation) "Other than a Chinaman": how U.S.
immigration law resulted from and still reflects a policy of exclding
and restricting Asian immigration, by Jan C. Ting. 4 Temp. Pol. &
Civil Rights Law Review 301-10 (1995)
[[College
China's brightest leave for America Spokesman Review June 18, 2000
z43\clipim\2000\06\19\china1,china2.efx Most students stay in US, but
visa is supposed to be on condition of return. More Chinese students
than Japan, previous #1.
asian.immigration.china.illegal
[[Illegal
\clip\97\19\chinship.txt the boatload of Chinese illegals off the
West Coast are flown home; WASHINGTON, Aug 27 (Reuter) - Sixty-five
Chinese men and women who crossed the Pacific Ocean in a rusting ship
and tried to enter the United States illegally were sent home on
Wednesday, a U.S. State Department spokeswoman said. The Associated
Press, Wednesday, August 27, 1997
\clip\97\03\goldvent.txt Dozens of Chinese From 1993 Voyage Still in
Jail The New York Times, February 3, 1997 By Celia W. Dugger
\doc\95\14\fuzhou.txt Peter Herz notes that Most illegal PRC
nationals come from a handful of counties in the Fuzhou area
(specifically Changle, Tingjiang, Lianjiang)
\priv\95\14\wschina.txt WS Journal 10/22/95 ECONOMIC GROWTH IN CHINA
LEAVES MANY CASUALTIES By Craig S. Smith and Marcus W. Brauchli He is
waiting for a call from a man who promised -- for $3,500 upfront,
$17,000 on arrival to America
\priv\95\14\fujian.txt Los Angeles Times 10/23/95 Illegal immigration
has died down as residents of the province which sent most of the
Chinese diaspora start concluding it's not worth the risk of failure.
WSJ 4/6/96 - Abductions by gangs at JFK airport in NYC
WSJ 5/3/95 - US State department warns of 10 boats smuggling Chinese
off US shores
WSJ 3/29/95 US State department wars 10s of 1000s of Chinese
are in Central America waiting to be smuggled.
\PRIV\95\05\SNAKHEAD.TXT - As opposed to coyote, Snakehead charges
$10,000, lines up job and immigration interview.
doc934\chinsmug.txt - Fujianise smuggler Lin Tao Bao has brought in
over 50,000 smuggled Chinese. A Philadelphia immigratin attorney
estimates at least 2,000 (=100,000 annualized) illegal entries per
week. One network smuggled 1,200 Chinese into Canada.
doc935\illchin7.txt San Jose Mercury News reports 100,000 illegal
Chinese into US per year.
doc941\chinsmug.txt 1,390 illegal Chinese immigrants were were
caught, 89 were sent home Estimates are that only 5% are caught,
which would annualized to 20,000 / year.
\priv\95\05\chinill.txt According to the State Department, in 1993 the
US was aware of or interdicted 11 Chinese smuggling vessels with over
2,500 aliens, In 1994, this dropped to 5 vessels with 490. In the
past two months, it was 2 ships with 212 people (annualized = 24
ships, 1,000 people-
[[laws
\priv\95\15\immbackl.txt Pulling Up the Ladder The Anti-Immigrant
Backlash Indeed the first anti-immigrant law, passed in California,
targeted the Chinese. In 1882, the U.S. passed the Chinese Exclusion
Act, which was not repealed until 1943. Even then, immigration quotas
for Chinese were only raised above 105 per year by the Civil Rights
Act of 1964. The late 1800's were difficult for Chinese in the
U.S._the growing trade union movement based part of it's organizing
strategy on advocating deportation of Chinese immigrants. Race riots
on the West coast were the response of angry whites who blamed
Chinese for their woes. (Daniels: 1988)
[[mexico
d:\priv\95\05\chinmex.txt - reports of Chinese entering through Mexico
in early 20th century.
[[Poll
\clip\97\16\schin.txt
From: msk@us.net (Mark Krikorian)
Subject: Poll of Chinese in Southern Calif.
In a telephone poll based on Chinese surnames in phonebook:
------------------------------------------------
87% of Southland Chinese immigrants
72% were citizens
75% of noncitzens planned to naturalize
81% of Asians in US over 20 years became citizens
70% are registered voters vs. 62% nationwide
---------------
10% Chinese have experience fair or great deal of discrimination
14% Asians
15% Latinos
11% Whites
---------------
20% someone in family on public assistance
---------------
Preferred identification
46% Chinese American,
17% American Chinese,
9% Taiwanese American
7% Hong Kong Americans.
4% American.
------------------
Generations in America
Immigrant: 87%
1st American-born generation: 10%
2nd American-born generation: 2%
3rd American-born generation: 1%
Where Born and Raised
China: 23%
Taiwan: 20%
Hong Kong: 16%
U.S.: 13%
Other: 28%
see http://www.latimes.com/HOME/NEWS/POLLS
Chinese in the Southland: a Changing Picture Immigrants make up 87%
of what was once a largely U.S.-born community. Optimism about life
here is a common thread in the diverse group. Los Angeles Times,
Sunday, June 29, 1997 CONNIE KANG, Times Staff Writer
\clip\97\16\schin.txt
@@citizenship
About 31% of the foreign born are citizens, 70% are noncitizens
------------------------------------------------------------
\clip\97\17\citztest.txt A test of citizenship Could you make the
grade? MSNBC 7/97 List of sample test questions. You need to answer
at least 18 of these 30 questions correctly to pass.
Sample:
4. What do the stripes on the flag mean?
7. What do we call a change to the Constitution?
8. How many branches are there in our government?
9. How many full terms can a president serve?
10. Who nominates judges of the Supreme Court?
11. How many Supreme Court justices are there?
14. Who wrote the Star-Spangled Banner?
15. What is the minimum voting age in the United States?
16. Who was president during the Civil War?
21. What were the 13 original states of the United States called?
22. In what year was the Constitution written?
23. What is the introduction to the Constitution called?
24. Which president was the first Commander in Chief of the United
States Army and Navy?
26. How many times may a senator be re-elected?
28. Who elects the president of the United States?
30. Who becomes president if both the president and vice president
die?
\clip\97\16\schin.txt Chinese in the Southland: a Changing Picture
Immigrants make up 87% of what was once a largely U.S.-born
community. Optimism about life here is a common thread in the
diverse group. Los Angeles Times, Sunday, June 29, 1997 CONNIE KANG,
Times Staff Writer
In a telephone poll based on Chinese surnames in phonebook:
------------------------------------------------
87% of Southland Chinese immigrants
72% were citizens
75% of noncitzens planned to naturalize
81% of Asians in US over 20 years became citizens
70% are registered voters vs. 62% nationwide
asian.immigration.citizenship-test
\doc\96\01\eldrtest.txt "Case managers say welfare reform hurts
elderly clients" Dean Wong, International Examiner (Seattle) Jan 17,
1996 p. 6 Elderly may now pass a test of only 10 questions in
their own language, but still difficult for many.
\priv\95\20\washcitz.txt WAVE OF IMMIGRANTS SEEKING U.S. CITIZENSHIP
By IMBERT MATTHEE Dec. 26, 1995, (c) Seattle Post-IntelligencerTo
become a U.S. citizen, resident aliens must complete a three-month
course in English, U.S. history and government. They can't have a
significant criminal record and must have filed their income taxes.
\clip\97\13\citz.txt Natural(ized) Americans March 1997, American
Demographics by Marcia Mogelonsky 20% of new citizens (the ones who
aren't born) naturalize. Overall, in 1995, 31% of 23 million foreign
born had become citizens. Almost half of those naturalized between
1991 and 1994 were from Asia; 27 percent originally came from North
and Central American countries, including the Caribbean. Just 12
percent were from Europe.
One Nation, Divisible Feb 1993 American Demographics Nationally, 40
percent of the foreign-born are citizens.
- Asians naturalize at the highest rates, Europans about average,
Latinos at the lowest
Criminals
%%criminal
\clip\96\05\crimcitz.txt AP 25-Feb-1997 2:06 EST REF5830 Copyright
1997. The Associated Press. All Rights Reserved. Many Criminals
Become Citizens
\clip\96\05\citzcrim.txt New Citizens Hid Past Crimes, INS Agent
Says Los Angeles Times, September 24, 1996 Immigration: Agency
disputes claim that about 5,000 naturalized in L.A. ceremonies
concealed their records. [FBI check shows only 69 of 50,000 total
might not be eligible because of serious offences.]
%%rate
\priv\95\07\secthou.txt Richard Kirschten, "Second Thoughts"
*National Journal* 1/21/95 pp 150-55. - Less than 10 percent of
population is foreign born, about one-third are naturalized citizens.
\clip\96\06\citzusa.txt AP 9-Oct-1996 "INS" Defends Citizenship USA
By CASSANDRA BURRELL Associated Press Writer In Sept 1995, there were
800,000 applications pending, but only staff to process half. They
rose to 1 million in fiscal 1996, some waiting 2 years. With new
hiring and management, 1.3 million were processed in the 1st year of
"Citizenship USA". Rejection rates remained at 17 percent.
\clip\96\40\natsurge.txt Date: Fri, 13 Sep 1996 09:22:10 -0400
Immigrants' Anxieties Spur a Surge in Naturalizations The New York
Times, September 13, 1996 By SAM HOWE VERHOVEK "These mass
swearings-in are all part of a surge in naturalizations in recent
months that has no parallel in U.S. history, one that many experts
say is fueled in part by the anti-immigrant laws and public sentiment
of recent years." "By the time the fiscal year ends Sept. 30, nearly
1.1 million immigrants will have become citizens this year,
shattering the record, [more than doubling] set just last year, of
445,853 naturalizations, according to the Immigration and
Naturalization Service. The previous record was in 1944, when 441,979
foreign-born residents became U.S. citizens."
%%requirements
\clip\96\04\citzclas2.txt Date: Mon, 16 Sep 1996 06:37:28 -0400 From:
NewsHound@sjmercury.com (NewsHound) Citizenship classes inundated
Fear of impending welfare cuts spurs signups by legal immigrants By
Carolyn Jung Mercury News Staff Writer. English requirement causes
legal immigrants to flood english classes to keep their welfare and
SSI benefits.
Naturalized Citizenship requirements:
* Legal immigrant
* At least 18
* understand basic English
* have a knowledge of the rudiments of U.S. history and government
* lived in the United States for at least five years or be
married to a citizen for at least three years.
* Permanent residents who are 50 years old and have held a work
permit for 20 years, or 55 years old with a green card for 15 years,
can take the exam in their native language. All others must take
the test in english
%%foreign born
\priv\96\13\NATNDIVI.HTM One Nation, Divisible Feb 1993 American Demographics
Nationally, 40 percent of the foreign-born are citizens. But in the
District of Columbia and neighboring Arlington, fewer than 30 percent
have taken the oath. Asians are higher, carribean immigrant have
lower than average naturalization rates. index:
asian.immigration.citizen
%%test
CITIZENSHIP TESTS VARY FROM EASY TO REALLY HARD
\clip\97\11\cittest.txt U.S. Citizenship Tests Vary The Associated
Press, Wednesday, April 16, 1997 By DEB RIECHMANN Associated Press
Writer [Tests vary from 3 simple questions and writing a sentence to
naming the number of amendments in the constitution, there is no
standard content or passing score]
WASHINGTON (AP) -- To become an American citizen, Yolanda Bolanos of
Maryland had to answer three questions about the U.S. government and
write the sentence, ``How is the day today?''
c:\clip\97\04\citztest.txt
DISABLED IMMIGRANTS CAN SKIP CITIZENSHIP TEST
http://www.seattletimes.com/topstories/browse/html97/disa_021797.html
\clip\97\04\citztest.txt The Seattle Times Company Feb. 17, 1997 Easy
citizenship for disabled? U.S. would waive exams for some legal
immigrants
New INS Rules Could Aid Disabled Immigrants Los Angeles Times,
February 16, 1997 "Under a long-time practice, exemptions to the
English language requirement are available for elderly immigrants who
have been residing in the United States for at least 15 years. In
addition, those 65 and older with at least 20 years as lawful
residents have been able to take a simplified civics test, while
disabled persons have been permitted to take the citizenship
interview and oath at their homes."
asian.immigration.citizenship-test \doc\96\01\eldrtest.txt "Case
managers say welfare reform hurts elderly clients" Dean Wong,
International Examiner (Seattle) Jan 17, 1996 p. 6 Elderly may now
pass a test of only 10 questions in their own language, but still
difficult for many.
\priv\95\20\washcitz.txt WAVE OF IMMIGRANTS SEEKING U.S. CITIZENSHIP
By IMBERT MATTHEE Dec. 26, 1995, (c) Seattle Post-IntelligencerTo
become a U.S. citizen, resident aliens must complete a three-month
course in English, U.S. history and government. They can't have a
significant criminal record and must have filed their income taxes.
@@city
[[Miami
\priv\95\14\miamimm.txt - Nearly half of Miami is immigrant,
Jamaicans do well, Haitian worse, AfAm natives in between Many cubans
do best of LatAm, but newcomers lower the average
[[ Washington DC
Lives Transplanted, a Region Transformed. Immigrants change
neighborhood, chart By D'Vera Cohn and Pamela Constable Washington
Post Staff Writers Sunday, August 30, 1998; Page A1
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/local/longterm/library/immigration/immstoryday1a.htm
\clip\98\11\dcimm\dcimm2.htm \clip\98\11\dcimm\immstoryday1a.htm
Percent foreign born for the region
1970 4.5%
1980 8%
1990 12%
1998 17%
1 in six is foreign born,
90% choose suburbs first
DC's highest concentration of immigrants In the Barrio, All Face a
Struggle By Pamela Constable Washington Post Staff Writer Sunday,
August 30, 1998; Page A19
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/local/longterm/library/immigration/immside1.htm
\clip\98\11\dcimm\immside1.htm
@@coast guard
\doc\96\06\coasguar.txt
The June Coast Guard numbers are as follows:
Month; Total; Haitians; Dominicans; Chinese (PRC); Cubans; Others
June '96; 516; 66; 429; 0; 17; 4 (Yugoslavs)
May '96; 848; 0; 802; 0; 46; 0
June '95; 324; 41; 235; 0; 42; 5
The largest June 1996 apprehension was 130 Dominicans on June 21, 41
nautical miles east of Puerto Rico.
@@college aid
>>\PRIV\95\20\STUDFUND.TXT THE VAST MAJORITY OF FOREIGN STUDENTS IN
THE UNITED STATES -- MORE THAN 68 PERCENT -- FINANCE THEIR EDUCATION
THROUGH PERSONAL OR FAMILY FUNDS. ABOUT 16 PERCENT RECEIVE FINANCIAL
AID FROM THEIR AMERICAN COLLEGE OR UNIVERSITY, AND 5 PERCENT GET HELP
FROM THEIR HOME COUNTRY OR UNIVERSITY. There is less FINANCIAL AID
AVAILABLE EITHER FROM AMERICAN INSTITUTIONS OR FROM THE U.S.
GOVERNMENT, WHICH PROVIDES PRIMARY FUNDING FOR ONLY 1.2 PERCENT OF
FOREIGN STUDENTS.
\priv\95\16\immaid.txt - bill will remove federally funded aid to
immigrants, even naturalized citizens.
@@college hire
\clip\96\03\exprhand.txt EE Times June 10, 1996 Issue: 905 Section:
The Profession Experienced hands rate 'slight' hiring edge. National
Association of Colleges and Employers finds that 37% of surveyed
employers are shifting towards more new-graduate hires, overall 60%
of openings go to experienced workers.
\clip\96\03\techdeg.txt EE Times July 29, 1996 Issue: 912 Section:
The Profession -- The Work Week Tech degrees pull in job offers By
Robert Bellinger. BSEE's broke the $38,000 barrier, 5.4% more than
the past year. Nearly half of all reported offers went to technical
graduates. One-third of these went to engineers alone, the rest to
mathematicians, physicists and scientists. Chemical engineers got the
highest offers at $41,611. Norman Matloff of UC Davis says there are
too many engineers and immigrants lower salaries, yet no field has
higher wages, higher growth, or higher rate of hire compared to say,
liberal arts majors.
c:\clip\97\03\forstud.txt
http://www.techweb.com/se/directlink.cgi?EET19970203S0143
EE Times February 03, 1997, Issue: 939
"Foreign students move in" By Robert Bellinger
This citation
http://www.arthurhu.com/index/acollege.htm#foreign
Top Majors
33% engineering / science
16% business
8% social science
Top countries
1995-96
453,787 Total
45,531 Japan
39,613 People's Republic of China
36,231 South Korea
32,702 Taiwan
Foreign Students 1996
57.3 Asian
14.8 European
48% Undergraduate
42% Graduate
"on average, Japanese and Korean engineering students have returned
home because they have thriving industries and jobs waiting for them.
Indians and Taiwanese have tended to seek jobs in the United States."
@@college students - see college, foreign
HALF OF CUNY FRESHMEN ARE IMMIGRANTS
\clip\97\03\cuny.txt CUNY's New Offering: Quick Guide to Citizenship
The New York Times, February 6, 1997 By KAREN W. ARENSON About 47
percent of its freshmen are foreign-born and CUNY predicts that by
the year 2000, it will be half.
@@congress, how to reach
\priv\95\18\IFCSSLob.txt Please feel free to make use of this account
while you want to send a mail to all Senators in Senate Judiciary
Committee. Please remem- ber, while you send a message, your voice
is registered.
Write your message to: Simpson_bill@ifcss.org gets to all email
boxes in congress.
@@Companies
If immigrants are so harmful, why are these companies doing so well?
Could it be because they hire so many immigrants NAAAAAAAH.
%%Business Week S&P Top 50
BUSINESS WEEK NAMES INTEL AND MICROSOFT AT TOP OF THE S&P 500
http://www.businessweek.com/
TABLE: The Business Week Fifty
1 INTEL
2 MICROSOFT
3 DELL COMPUTER
4 CISCO SYSTEMS
5 TRAVELERS GROUP
6 MERCK
7 NIKE
8 COMPAQ COMPUTER
9 MBNA
10 PFIZER
11 ORACLE
12 NATIONSBANK
13 SUN MICROSYSTEMS
%%Fortune
INTEL AND MICROSOFT MAKE
Most Admired Companies: Masters of Innovation
Fortune Cover: March 3, 1997
1. Coca Cola
2. Mirage Resorts
3. Merk
4. United Parcel Service
5. Microsoft
6. Johnson & Johnson
7. Intel
8. Pfizer
9. Procter & Gamble
10. Berkshire & Company
@@cost
\priv\96b\05\mignews.txt A new study by the Tomas Rivera Center found
that, over the course of their lifetimes, immigrants contribute more
in taxes to California than they cost in government services About
nine percent of the foreign-born mothers aged 14 to 44 were on AFDC,
compared to 11 percent of the native-born mothers in the same age
group.
\priv\95\05\huddimm.txt - There would be no state budge deficit in NY
State if there were no immigrants. Huddle study
\priv\95\05\ciscost.txt - CIS studies on immigration costs
\doc\95\03\immcost7.txt Rand study on costs
\clip\97\08\njimm.txt
N.J. Immigrants' Diversity and Education Tied to Public Backing
The New York Times , March 19, 1997
By CELIA W. DUGGER
- estimates illegal costs as $153 million vs. $130 in taxes paid
by illegal immigrants.
-Kristin F. Butcher, an assistant professor of economics at Boston
College, and Anne M. Piehl, an assistant professor of public policy
at Harvard University, reviewed the economic data and found that
immigrants had not damaged the wages or employment of U.S.-born
workers
- immigrants receive somewhat more in benefits than they pay in
taxes. That is largely because immigrant households earn slightly
less than native-born people and have more children.
- estimated that a native-born household pays on average $250 a year
more in state and local taxes because of the 1 million immigrants who
live in New Jersey.
\priv\96b\06\immretu.txt June 10, 1996 IMMIGRANTS RETURN MORE THAN
THEIR SHARE: New Tomas Rivera Center Study Highlights Immigrant
Lifetime Contributions to California
\priv\96b\05\mignews.txt
The Latino Institute and the Urban Institute issued a report on
May 16 estimating that the 244,000 unauthorized immigrants in
Illinois pay about $547 million annually in taxes, and receive
$238 million in services--virtually all of the expenditures were
for providing K-12 education to an estimated 33,000 unauthorized
children at an average annual cost of $7,000.
\priv\96b\05\mignews.txt
A new study by the Tomas Rivera Center found that, over the course of
their lifetimes, immigrants contribute more in taxes to California
than they cost in government services. The report found that the
average immigrant costs the state of California about $62,600 in
educational expenditures. However, when lifetime tax payments are
adjusted to reflect what is repaid solely in education taxes, the
immigrant will return about $89,437. According to the study, taxes
for education plus those for social programs are $24,493 for legal
immigrants, and $7,890 for illegal aliens.
\priv\95\15\taxrent.txt \priv\95\14\mexpay.txt - Raoul Lowery
Contreras says even illegal immigrants pay rents that pay property
taxes, that therefore pay for schools. Emergency care is minimal,
probably swamped by sales taxes.
\priv\95\14\hudcost.txt - new 95 study by Huddle on immigration costs
The 21.9 million legal and illegal immigrants settling in the United
States since 1970 cost $51.32 billion in 1994 alone in excess of taxes
those immigrants paid. This amount represents a substantial increase
over the net cost of $44.18 billion in 1993 and $42.5 billion in
1992.
\priv\95\14\hudwrong.txt - Huddle is wrong says Hisp journalist
\priv\95\14\matcost.txt - Matloff says undoc pays no taxes, cost in
schools
@@contributions
\priv\96\02\animmigr.txt Story of David Chiang's immigrants parents,
developed flavor chemical and professor of Nursing school.
@@crime
[[decline
Crime is declining, not increasing with immigration
\doc\95\15\immgcrim.txt -
25% of federal prisons, mostly drug violations
In 1990 19.4% of CA state prisoners were foreign born vs.
21.7% of the state population, 15% were illegal aliens vs.
3.5-7% of the population.
Why import more if they're not any better (actually the legal
immigrants do appear to be better behaved)
MIAMI IMMIGRANTS HAVE LOWER HOMICIDE RATES
http://www.arthurhu.com/99/07/immcrim.txt
Immigration and the Ethnic
Distribution of Homicide in Miami, 1985-1995 by R Martinez Jr and M T
Lee Homicide Studies, Volume 2, Issue 3, August 1998, pp. 291-304
Study information came from Miami police records. Results revealed
that the groups with higher proportions of foreign-born members had
comparatively low homicide rates.
IMMIGRATION UP, CRIME IS DOWN
http://www.seattletimes.com/extra/browse/html97/crim_060597.html
c:\clip\97\15\crimdrop.txt The Seattle Times Company Thursday, June
5, 1997 Why did crime drop? Pick a theory
http://www.seattletimes.com/extra/browse/html97/crib_060597.html
Thursday, June 5, 1997 Crime drops
nationally
According to preliminary statistics
from the Federal Bureau of Investigation, these categories of crimes
declined across the country in 1996 from the previous year:
Category Decline Percent
Total crime -3
Violent crime -7
Murder -11
Forcible Rape -3
Robbery -8
Property crime -3
Burglary -5
Larceny/theft -2
Motor-vehicle theft -5
[[deport
\clip\97\19\deported.txt Houston Chronicle 8/29/1996 54,362 illegal
immigrants, many found in jail
By GREG MCDONALD Copyright 1996 Houston Chronicle Washington Bureau
"of the 54,362 illegal immigrants deported in the first 10 months of
the 1996 fiscal year, 29,207 had been convicted of crimes ranging
from murder and theft to drug dealing. an estimated 100,000 "foreign
born" noncitizens remain in U.S. jails today"
\clip\96\03\deport.txt AP 29-Aug-1996 17:26 EDT REF5068 By CASSANDRA
BURRELL Associated Press Writer WASHINGTON (AP) -- The government has
deported more illegal immigrants this year than it did in all of
1995, the Immigration and Naturalization Service said Thursday.
54,362 were deported in 10 months vs. 50,200 for all of 1995. 29,207
were convicted of committing crimes, 25,155 were noncriminal.
[[MONEY LAUNDERING
\CLIP\97\07\IMMLAUN.TXT AP 11-Mar-1997 16:11 EST REF5941 Crackdown on
Immigrant Money Stores [used to launder large amounts of drug money,
amounts exceed average income of immigrants]
\CLIP\96\12\MONYLAUN.TXT AP 23-Dec-1996 8:55 EST REF5243 Copyright
1996. The Associated Press. All Rights Reserved. Feds Bust Hispanic
Immigrant Stores NEW YORK (AP) -- Federal authorities are cracking
down on a massive money laundering operation that has moved millions
of dollars in drug profits into Colombia, the Daily News reported
Monday.
[[prisons
\clip\97\19\noncit.txt [ Note: Noncitizens comprised 5 percent of
inmates, or 51,500, in 1995, double the number in 1990. ] Copyright
1997 Associated Press. All rights reserved. 08/07/1997 16:31 EST
Prison, Inmate Numbers Surge By CASSANDRA BURRELL Associated Press
Noncitizens are about 70% of the foreign born, who are 9% of the
population or 6.3%, so 5% noncitizen is LESS than their population
\priv\96b\05\only24.txt [For CISNEWS subscribers -- "Only" 24
percent? -- Mark Krikorian] Los Angeles Times, Wednesday, June 26,
1996 INS Seeks to Exit Anaheim Jail Corrections: During its 60-day
stay, agency says it found only 24% of those arrested were in U.S.
illegally. One councilman calls its conclusions 'unconscionable.'
\doc\95\15\immgcrim.txt (sorry. lost the article, I think it's from
the manhattan institute) 25% of federal prisons, mostly drug
violations In 1990 19.4% of CA state prisoners were foreign born vs.
21.7% of the state population, 15% were illegal aliens vs. 3.5-7% of
the population. (-1.11 ratio)
Why import more if they're not any better (actually the legal
immigrants do appear to be better behaved)
[[prostitution
Asian immigrants are sometimes arrested for prostitution or
running prostitution rings.
\doc\96\02\bellpros.txt Asian House of Prostitution Busted in
Bellevue "11 arrested for prostitution in Bellevue" Seattle Post
Intelligencer March 21, 1996 p. B2 filed under asian.prostitution,
asian.immigration.crime
[[RATE
MORE IMMIGRANTS, LESS VIOLENT CRIME
\doc\97\01\violcrim.txt f010507-2 Violent Crime Continues To Decline
Seattle Times Jan 5, 1997 (New York Time) Fox Butterfield
The five-year long decline in serious and violent crime continued in
the 1st half of 1996 according to FBI figures. This is finally
convincing skeptics that the decline is real, not a statistical fluke
@@Deaths
\clip\97\19\death.txt 1,185 illegal immigrants died at U.S. border in
3 years http://cnn.com/US/9708/12/briefs/border.deaths.ap/index.html
Cnn web August 12, 1997 HOUSTON (AP) -- A total of 1,185 people died
between 1993 and 1996 as they tried to illegally enter the country
from Mexico, according to a new study.
\priv\96b\08\deatcros.txt So far this year, the bodies of 11 people
crossing illegally into Arizona have been recovered in remote desert
areas along the U.S.-Mexico border, and the border patrol has rescued
about 60 illegal entrants lost in remote deserts,
\priv\96b\03\aldie.txt 5 Illegal Aliens Found Dead By ARTHUR H.
ROTSTEIN Associated Press Writer Tuesday, June 18, 1996 Illegal
aliens trying to cross the border in Arizona have been found dead of
dehydration and heat exposure
\priv\96b\01\mexdeath.txt June 13, 1996 newshound "MEXICO:
INDIGNATION OVER NEW U.S. ANTI-IMMIGRANT ..."A study by Mexico's
Foreign Ministry indicates that violence by U.S. police was
responsible for the deaths of some 100 Mexican illegal immigrants
from 1989 to 1995.
\priv\96\04\rivdeath.txt HOUSTON, March 14 (Reuter) - As many as
3,200 illegal immigrants died along the Texas-Mexico border between
1985 and 1994, most by drowning in the swift waters of the Rio
Grande, according to a study released on Thursday.
@@debate
\clip\96\03\imporpov.txt Slate Aug 1996 discussion on immigration:
importing poverty?
@@deportations
\clip\97\25\deport.txt 100,000 deported, 77,000 left on their own,
100,000 turned back at border.
\clip\96\03\deport.txt AP 29-Aug-1996 17:26 EDT REF5068 By CASSANDRA
BURRELL Associated Press Writer WASHINGTON (AP) -- The government has
deported more illegal immigrants this year than it did in all of
1995, the Immigration and Naturalization Service said Thursday.
54,362 were deported in 10 months vs. 50,200 for all of 1995. 29,207
were convicted of committing crimes, 25,155 were noncriminal.
\priv\95\20\USBootsR.txt AP 27 Dec 95 US Boots Record Number
Aliens WASHINGTON (AP) -- The United States deported a record 51,600
illegal aliens during 1995, a 15 percent increase over last year,
@@detention
\clip\97\04\venture.txt Subject: Golden Venture detainees to go free
U.S. Decides to Free Golden Venture Immigrants The New York Times,
February 15, 1997 By CELIA W. DUGGER NEW YORK -- The Clinton
administration decided Friday to release all 53 remaining illegal
Chinese immigrants who have been detained by federal immigration
authorities since the freighter Golden Venture ran aground off Queens
three years and eight months ago.
@@deaths
%%deaths
\priv\96\04\rivdeath.txt HOUSTON, March 14 (Reuter) - As many as
3,200 illegal immigrants died along the Texas-Mexico border between
1985 and 1994, most by drowning in the swift waters of the Rio
Grande, according to a study released on Thursday.
%%deportations
>> \priv\95\20\USBootsR.txt AP 27 Dec 95 US Boots Record Number
Aliens WASHINGTON (AP) -- The United States deported a record 51,600
illegal aliens during 1995, a 15 percent increase over last year,
@@disease
Alien Nation p. 187 cites TB, leprosy, measles, cholera, malaria,
and dengue fever as particular to immigrants. He also lists AIDS
elsewhere from Haiti.
\priv\95\13\immdise.txt - Mexicans bring tropical fever to the US;
@@diversity quota
\priv\95\14\divquota.txt - explains breakdown of "diversity"
category of immigration
@@divide
\doc\95\05\immnat.txt US now split native / immigrant rather than
white / black.
@@doctor
The AMA is complaining about a doctor surplus, much as some complain
that foreigners are taking jobs away from American engineers.
Medicine is one of the only two fields that pays more than computer
engineering.
\clip\98\10\fordoc.txt Tide turning for doctors from abroad Medicine:
Physicians from overseas find their calling in Crisfield, but a
backlash might curtail the number practicing in the United States.
By Jonathan Bor Sun Staff Baltimore Sun, August 4, 1998 "Today,
22,000 -- almost a fifth -- of the 104,000 medical residents training
in U.S. hospitals come from other countries. Most come here on visas
that require them to leave at the end of their training, presumably
to apply their medical knowledge back home. But more than 1,000 each
year obtain waivers that allow them to stay if they spend three years
working in places shunned by American doctors."
From: dchiang@juno.com 3/3/97 On CNN the other night, the head of the
AMA was complaining about too many foreign graduate doctors in
America. He was quoted as saying that the biggest problem facing the
medical establishment in America was too many foreign doctors. The
AMA promises to make the elimination of foreign graduate doctors the
number 1 lobbying priority for the organization? Has the quality of
medical care fallen in the
AMA CALLS FOR CUT IN FOREIGN DOCTORS TO CUT "GLUT"
\clip\97\06\cutfor.txt Cut foreign students, medical groups say [But
they don't offer any numbers to support their contention of a 'glut'
of doctors!] By Larry Tye, Globe Staff, 02/27/97 The American
Medical Association and other powerful US health groups tomorrow will
unveil what they call a cure for America's growing glut of doctors:
dramatically cutting the number of foreign medical school graduates
allowed to train here, and making those who are admitted go home
afterward.
\clip\96\10\canadoct.txt Canadian specialists are coming to the US
where it is easy to get doctors approved, but there is no shortage
here.
\priv\96b\04\immdoct.txt Chicago Tribune, Sunday, June 23, 1996
FOREIGN DOCTORS FEAR WELCOME WILL END CHANGING CLIMATE IN U.S.
MEDICINE MAY CLOSE DOORS By Stephen Franklin, Tribune Staff Writer
Foreign doctors do jobs no American will do, either undesirable
inner-city, low pay or both, but others say there are a surplus of
doctors.
>>\doc\96\02\curbimg.txt "How Curbing Immigration Could Hurt Health
Care in Inner Cities, Rural Areas" Wall Street Journal March 5, 1996
p. b1 23.9% med grads foreign US, 57% New Jersey
States with higher % of foreign medical graduates:
57.5 New Jersey
45.1 New York
43.0 Nevada
40.2 North Dakota
36.5 Illinois
36.4 Connecticut
23.9 United States
Source: American Medical Journal
\priv\96\02\manymd.txt -Excess of Foreign Physicians 1996 The New
York Times, Jan. 24, 1996 Too many foreign doctors being trained,
doubling doctors in past 25 years. Cut med schools by 20% and send
aid to rural and inner city areas being served by fmg.
\priv\95\17\immdoct.txt The United States has too many doctors, nurses
and pharmacists and should reduce the glut by shutting down at least
20 percent of its medical schools over the next decade, a private
commission recommended today.
\priv\95\14\impol.txt 33.5% of doctors in Chicago area are
immigrants Chicago Tribune Oct 12, 1995
@@drivers licence
\clip\96\04\immdriv.txt Arizona requires proof of legal residence
before issuing drivers licence. Arizona Republic, Sept. 17, 1996 By
Mary Jo Pitzl Staff writer Hispanic activists are enraged at a new
state law that requires people to prove they are in the United States
legally before getting an Arizona driver's license.
@@dual citizenship
\clip\98\07\dualcit.txt Dual Citizenship Stirs Debate Is It a
Double-Edged Sword? The Wall Street Journal, March 25, 1998 By G.
PASCAL ZACHARY Staff Reporter of The Wall Street Journal
Are two passports better than one?
@@education cost
\doc\96\04\illed.txt MIGRATION NEWS Vol. 3, No. 7 July, 1996
Such checks would keep out the estimated 600,000 to 700,000 or 1.5
percent unauthorized children among the 45 million K-12 pupils in
public schools. Another six million children who attend private
schools would not be affected. The cost of educating illegal alien
children in the US is $3 to $3.5 billion per year, based on an
average cost of $5,000 per child per year. The Urban Institute
estimated the number of illegal alien children in schools in the
seven major immigrant states in 1994: California, 307,000; Florida,
97,000; Texas, 94,000; New York, 88,000; Illinois, 24,000; New
Jersey, 16,000; and Arizona, 15,000.
@@Education for americans
CIS study "suggests" that immigrant engineers reduces need to
train minorities and women.
\doc\95\14\hirefor.txt "Hiring foreign workers: A two-edged sword"
SPI Oct 4, 1995 - Commisioner Richard Estrada, and editor with the
Dallas Morning News, argues hiring too many foreigners reduces the
pressure to train Americans in math and science. Bruce Ramsey observes
that Microsoft needs 1,200 people NOW.
Hiring Foreign
@@Education cost
\clip\97\20\nycsch.txt Immigration and Crowded Schools by Robert
Malloy, Center for Immigration Studies New York Post, August 31, 1997
The sudden furor over crowding and teacher shortages in New York
City's schools and classrooms has so far overlooked one obvious
cause: immigration.
\priv\95\15\ed187.txt - Prop 187 says illegal children must
be expelled from schools
\priv\95\14\immedaid.txt - welfare reform would take college
aid away from legal immigrants
@@Education achievement
IMMIGRANTS MAY BE POOR, BUT ONLY HALF AS MANY SINGLE PARENT FAMILES =
BETTER ADJUSTED, BETTER STUDENTS \clip\98\15\imclip01.txt Immigrant
kids better adjusted, study says: Fewer problems than their peers
born in Canada By Elaine Carey The Toronto Star, October 27, 1998
Immigrant and refugee children are doing better emotionally and
academically than their Canadian-born peers, even though far more of
them are poor, according to a new study headed by Dr. Morton Beiser,
director of the Centre of Excellence for Research on Immigration and
Settlement [CERIS] at Toronto's three universities. They also
``consistently outperform native-born children in school and are more
likely to be class valedictorians,'' says the study, based on a
Statistics Canada survey of 23,000 children, their parents, teachers
and principals.
90% OF IMM CHILDREN SPEAK NON-ENGLISH, BUT 90% PREFER ENGLISH BY GRADE 12
\CLIP\98\07\immstud.txt
http://www.nytimes.com/yr/mo/day/news/national/immigrant-children.html
New York Times, March 21, 1998 Best Students Are Immigrants'
Children, Study Says By CELIA W. DUGGER
[Professor Ruben Rumbaut, a sociologist at Michigan State
University]A multiyear survey that is the largest ever of the
children of immigrants -- who now account for almost one in five
American children -- found that they overwhelmingly prefer English to
their parents' native tongues and have higher grades and steeply
lower school dropout rates than other American children.
\clip\98\04\immbost.txt B1 Boston Globe on 02/15/98. By Beth Daley,
Globe Staff Their success is as poignant as it is thought-provoking:
The stars of Boston's public schools are overwhelmingly immigrants or
children of immigrants. "Of 36 Boston high school valedictorians in
the past two years, 28 either were foreign-born or had parents who
were (77%). The percentages are similar among top students in the
city's middle schools, school officials say. Yet such students make
up less than 25 percent of Boston public school enrollment. "
See education / immigrant for rumbaut study
http://www.herald.com: 80/americas/digdocs/044242.htm Published
Sunday, August 3, 1997, in the Miami Herald Immigrant youths leap
schooling hurdles here Many relearning how to learn By MARIA A.
MORALES Herald Staff Writer
\priv\96b\07\immed.txt Asian Americans perform as well or better than
natives in school, Hispanics are much weaker.
\clip\97\15\schbad\schbad.htm CALIFORNIA SCHOOLS FLUNK THE REASON?
IMMIGRATION (title from anti-immigrant Voices of Citizens Together)
ELAINE WOO, Los Angeles Times Education Writer January 17, 1997
@@education amount
Norman Matloff counters the fact that immigrants are more educated,
and paid more because of it by pretending that no job needs a degree,
especially post graduate.
MATLOFF SAYS THEY'RE WORTHLESS, BUT COLLEGE DEGREES AND POSTGRADS
EARN MORE
http://www.seattletimes.com/topstories/browse/html97/reha_010997.html
\clip\97\01\moreed.txt Seattle Times Jan. 9, 1997 Looking at schools,
jobs in a new way by Janice E. Reha Special to The Seattle Times
@@Education Preference
\clip\98\06\immdip.txt Critics say requiring a diploma is 'offensive'
betrayal of history USA Today, March 18, 1998, p. 10A By Maria Puente
USA TODAY WASHINGTON -- Foreigners with high school educations would
move to the top of the list of people legally allowed to immigrate to
the USA, under a controversial plan floated Tuesday on Capitol Hill.
@@employment sanction
\clip\96\02\poul.txt Date: Fri, 16 Aug 1996 00:21:30 -0400 Poultry
Companies Join INS Program to Halt Illegal Labor By Philip Dine, St.
Louis Post-Dispatch Knight-Ridder/Tribune Business News Aug. 16--In a
bid to keep illegal immigrants out of the labor force, several
poultry companies in Missouri and six other states have joined a
pioneer program of the Immigration and Naturalization Service.
\clip\96\02\inschek.txt Date: Fri, 2 Aug 1996 01:56:00 -0400 Florida
to Check INS Files, Penalize Employers Who Hire Illegal Aliens By
SHIRISH DATE Associated Press Writer
\priv\95\14\britfine.txt - Business complain about plan to
fine businesses that hire illegal immigrants.
@@energy
IMMIGRATION CAUSED POWER CRISIS (?!)
z47\clip\2001\01\immener.txt Analysis: Environmentalists attack
Sierra Club http://www.vny.com/cf/News/upidetail.cfm?QID=153630 By
STEVE SAILER, UPI National Correspondent Friday, 19 January 2001
Members of Californians for Population Stabilization argue that the
environmental establishment has fallen silent about the main cause of
increased energy demand -- California's rapidly growing population --
in an attempt to not offend burgeoning immigrant ethnic groups.
@@enforcement
\priv\95\04\instips.txt - INS can't follow up reports of illegal immigrants
@@H-1 visa
@@engineer H-1 visa
%%Black Opposition
H-1 HARMS MINORITY WORKERS WHO SHOULD BE HIRED AT SAME RATE AS
ECONOMY AS WHOLE (?) z45\clip\2000\10\h1harm.txt On the Sidelines
H-1B leaves minority workers on sidelines, groups say Carrie Kirby,
Chronicle Staff Writer Thursday, October 19, 2000
http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/chronicle/
archive/2000/10/19/BU91243.DTL William Kramer didn't want to blame
racial prejudice for his failure to find an engineering job.
National Science Foundation data on under-represented workers in
science, engineering and technology fields:
Percent of science Percent of
and tech workers(a) total workforce(b)
Women 19.4% 46%
People with disabilities 5.5% 14%
African Americans 3.2% 11%
Hispanics 3% 10%
American Indians 0.3% NA
(a) - Source: National Science Foundation/ Science Resource Studies,
1997
(b) - U.S. Census Bureau, 1998
BLACKS CITE MATLOFF TO OPPOSE H1 VISAS
z42\doc\web\2000\06\blakimm.txt
LETTER TO : Richard Gephardt
RE: Please don't let H-1B block African-Americans' on-ramp to the
information super highway.
%%General
US NEWS SUPPORTS H-1B INCREASE
\clip\99\10\brainy.txt
From: Yang Cai
US News World Report Editorial 7/27/98 BY MORTIMER B. ZUCKERMAN /
EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Give us your brainy masses Attempts to limit
immigration by high-skill workers only hurt America America more than
lives up to the inscription on the Statue of Liberty.
Foreign worker visas revived
http://www.mercurycenter.com/premium/front/docs/techlaws14.htm
October 14, 1998 By Jim Puzzanghera San Jose Mercury News
"Riding a months-long roller coaster worthy of the stock market,
legislation to allow more skilled foreign workers into the country appears
to be back on track, just days after it was widely presumed to have
crashed. Congressional and White House negotiators agreed Tuesday to
include an expansion of the H-1B visa program -- eagerly sought by the
high-tech industry -- in the huge budget bill still being crafted. That
parliamentary maneuver is designed to thwart one lawmaker: Sen. Tom
Harkin, D-Iowa, who blocked the H-1B expansion last Friday when it came up
as a separate bill. It was a good day for Silicon Valley in the nation's
capital. High-tech officials also celebrated the overwhelming passage in
the Senate and House of Representatives of the industry's other top
legislative priority -- a bill to curtail class-action lawsuits against
companies that undergo wild price swings in their stock prices."
\clip\98\14\noh1.txt Saturday October 10 7:29 PM EDT >Senate Fails To
Address Immigration >WASHINGTON (AP) _ Legislation to allow nearly
twice as many >computer-savvy foreigners and other high-skilled
immigrants into >the country next year apparently has died in
Congress. >The House passed the compromise measure last month,
288-133, but >Sen. Tom Harkin, D-Iowa, had blocked a vote in the
Senate.
CONSERVATIVE REPUBLICANS IN AREASPACE AREAS OPPOSE H1
\clip\98\13\cah1.txt
http://www.latimes.com/HOME/NEWS/FRONT/t000087323.html Los Angeles
Times, September 25, 1998 House Lifts Visa Cap for High-Tech Workers
Among Republicans, those voting no: Elton Gallegly (Simi Valley),
Stephen Horn (Long Beach), Duncan Hunter (El Cajon), Frank Riggs
(Windsor), Rohrabacher and Edward R. Royce (Fullerton).
SEPT 98 DEAL REACHED TO INCREASE CAP
\clip\98\13\h1deal.txt Deal Reached on Foreign Workers: Compromise
Aimed at Meeting Demand for High-Tech Skills By William Branigin
Washington Post, September 24, 1998; Page A02 The White House and a
key Republican senator reached a compromise last night on a
controversial visa program for high-tech workers, clearing the way
for the U.S. computer industry to import more than 300,000 foreign
programmers and other highly skilled employees over the next three
years.
http://www.zdnet.com/zdnn/stories/zdnn_lggraph_display/0,3442,2139125,00.html
Immigration battle looms over 'imported' high-tech workers By Maria
Seminerio, ZDNN September 20, 1998 11:53 AM PT (thank god, an article
that does NOT mention matloff)
MICROSOFT MIGHT LOSE 80 ENGINEERS IF CAP NOT LIFTED
senate mulls lifting lid on engineering visas ee times mar 2, 1998 p.
16 republicans and some demos will support raising the h-1b up from
65,000 per year Michael Murray vp human resources said that microsoft
hired 1707 last year, only 3 per campus if cap expires in june , as
many as 80 foreign engineers might not be hired
\clip\98\07\mignews.txt MIGRATION NEWS Vol. 5, No. 4 April, 1998
Current and back issues may be accessed via Internet on the Migration
News Home Page--http://migration.ucdavis.edu "Many of the critical
stories repeated charges made most forcefully by University of
California at Davis Computer Science Professor Norm Matloff, who
said, for example, that many US employers overspecify job
requirements so that the only person who qualifies is the H-1B
foreigner the company wants to hire, that US companies are reluctant
to hire and retrain older US engineers and programmers, and that many
US companies do little to retain US workers."
Senator Spencer Abraham (R-MI), chair of the Senate immigration
subcommittee, on March 2, 1998 introduced legislation that would
increase the number of temporary H-1B visas by 25,000, from the
current 65,000 to about 90,000 a year, and eventually to 115,000 a
year (S 1723). The 10,000 physical therapists and other health
workers currently admitted as H-1B workers would be shifted to a new
nonimmigrant visa category, and the H-1B program would be permitted
to "borrow" unused slots from the H-2B program. The bill can be
viewed at http://thomas.loc.gov/r105/r105s06mr8.html
\clip\98\06\bwimm.txt From: dchiang@juno.com Updated Mar. 5, 1998 by
Businessweek Magazine Copyright 1998, by The McGraw-Hill Companies
Inc. All rights reserved. COMMENTARY: HIGH-TECH TALENT: DON'T BOLT
THE GOLDEN DOOR
"The Foreign Workers Debate" David North Immigration Review
Fall/winter 1996-97 \images\972\113097\p04.tif h-1 does little to
protect American workers. When the H-1B is used to bring in whole
bunches of workers, it may replace entire departments, and cause more
harm. (Author of Soothing the Establishment, critical of foreign
engineers)
\clip\97\28\h1b.txt Visa cap limits high-tech workforce Industry to
press for more skilled workers San Jose Mercury News, Friday,
November 21, 1997 BY MIRANDA EWELL Mercury News Staff Writer
At the end of August, a promising Stanford Ph.D. from Asia with expertise in
compound semiconductors was forced to leave the payroll at Hewlett-Packard
Co.'s optoelectronics division in San Jose because the national visa
allotment for skilled foreign workers had run out.
EE TIMES: SKILLED IMMIGRATION NEARLY A DEAD ISSUE
\clip\97\03\immdeba.txt Electrical Engineering Times February 03,
1997, Issue: 939 Section: The Profession New political climate
moderates legal-admissions issues -- Immigration debate unlikely to
reignite in '97
http://www.techweb.com/se/techsearch.cgi?action=view&VdkVgwKey=%2E%2E%2F%2E%2E%2Fdata%2F1996%5F%5F%5B40094%5D&DocOffset=1&DocsFound=3&QueryZip=%3CMany%3E%27immigration%27&SourceQueryZip=%3CAnd%3E%28%3CAnd%3E%28%28%27EET%27%29+%3CIn%3E+%60pub%60%29%2C+issuedate+%3E%3D+%601%2F1%2F1997%60%2C+issuedate+%3C%3D+%6012%2F31%2F1997%60%29&Collection=coll1996&Collection=tw%5Fcurrent&Collection=tw%5Fdaily&ViewTemplate=cmpview%2Ehts&SearchUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Etechweb%2Ecom%2Fse%2Ftechsearch%2Ecgi%3FQueryZip%3D%253CMany%253E%2527immigration%2527%26ResultTemplate%3Dcmp%252Ehts%26QueryText%3Dimmigration%26action%3DFilterSearch%26Collection%3Dcoll1996%26Collection%3Dtw%255Fcurrent%26Collection%3Dtw%255Fdaily%26ViewTemplate%3Dcmpview%252Ehts%26ResultStart%3D1%26ResultCount%3D10&&publication=EET
Now with unemployment at historic low levels, the climate has
changed, half of those surveyed saw no need to cut visas, and nobody
is paying attention to guys like Matloff who say that quality and
profits would improve if only we kept more immigrants out. By Robert
Bellinger Washington - A booming economy, new legislation and a
changed political climate appear to have taken some of the wind out
of the sails of the immigration issue.
\clip\96\03\visalimt.txt The Wall Street Journal Interactive Edition
-- August 28, 1996 U.S. Reaches the Limit On Special-Work Visas By a
WALL STREET JOURNAL Staff Reporter. H-1 visas have reached the official
65,000 worker limit.
\clip\96\03\immrecru.txt Immigrants Recruited to U.S. Not Uncommon By
Lili Wright and Shawn Foster, The Salt Lake Tribune 8/26/96 Immigrant
professionals are recruited to work in Utah. Nationwide, 123,291
foreign workers were wooed to this country in 1994 for their
professional expertise. That same year in Utah, 569 workers were
recruited from around the globe. In all, they represent roughly 15
percent of all legal immigrants to the United States during that year.
\priv\96\13\oddvisa.txt AN ODD JOURNEY TO VISA SURETY The Associated
Press, April 30, 1996 By Mitchell Landsberg, Associated Press.
Indian programmers with H-1 visas go to Mexico to get their re-entry
visas stamped so they can re-enter when they leave the U.S. without
worrying about being stranded if they are not approved.
\priv\96\08\forwork.txt - AP 15 Apr 96 1:39 EDT V0355 Foreign Worker
Plan Derided Labor department finds temporary skilled worker program
is a "sham", 99% of those hired are aliens, claims costs jobs and
lowers wages. 570,000 admitted 1992 to 1994. Clinton ad wants to
charge fees to import workers for training.
\priv\96\01\abusemar.txt 06/03/93 ABUSE MARS SKILLED-WORKER PROGRAM
\doc\96\01\msnewpeo.txt - List of new microsoft employees shows about
38% are immigrants of some form or another.
\priv\95\17\h1visa.txt But Moore also admitted that Intel and many
other Silicon Valley companies who use the program don't abide by the
spirit of the law, which is to temporarily fill vital jobs with
foreign-born workers until a U.S. citizen can be hired. Moore said
almost all of Intel's H-1B visa holders use them as a stopgap
credential until the worker can acquire permanent U.S. work papers
\priv\95\14\indilayf.txt - Fannie Mae, the Federal National Mortgaage
Association, was in the process of replacing between 10 and 12 of its
American software consultants with programmers from India working in
the U.S. on H1B visas at much lower wages than us workers. Reich calls
it a "sham"
@@engineer
[[ban
\priv\96\03\buchimm.txt Buchanan proposes to ban hiring
of foreign engineering students for 5 years.
[[degree
Data Brief Nov, 14, 1995 National Science Foundation
Immigrants are 23% of US Residents with Doctorates
40.3% of Engineering Doctorates, 28.4% of Masters, 13.9 Bachelor
Electrical - 39.1/28.6/14.8
Computer Science 39.4/29/13.6
All S&E 23.0/18/9.8
Non Sci/Eng 12.4 7.7 6.8
Source: NSF/SRS National Survey of College Graduates, 1993
Note: Norm Matloff is the proponent who says we don't need any
graduate education, and therefore don't need any immigrants.
\priv\95\19\immgrad.txt - original study announcement
[[employment numbers
642,000 electrical engineers, 1 million in software
http://www.techweb.com/se/directlink.cgi?EET19970512S0095
\clip\97\15\plateau.txt EE Times May 12, 1997, Issue: 953 EE
employment plateau? By Robert Bellinger Union, N.H. - First-quarter
employment for EEs hit 642,000. Seems like a cause for celebration,
but analyst Robert Rivers isn't breaking out the champagne.
[[general
immigration.engineer
immigration.education.reduce
immigration.protection
BEST COMPUTER SCIENCE PEOPLE ARE ACROSS THE GLOBE
\clip\97\15\compimm.txt THE MELTING POT IN AMERICA'S LABS (int'l
edition) Business Week 6/23/97 Walk through America's best computer
laboratories. As the BUSINESS WEEK Special Report shows, most of the
world's top computer labs are in America, but top scientists come
from all over the globe (page 43).
IF IMMIGRANTS ARE SO CHEAP AND UNPRODUCTIVE, WHY DOES MICROSOFT SPEND
SO MUCH AND WHY DOES MS PRODUCE 2X LOTUS PER DEVELOPMENT DOLLAR?
\DOC\WEB\97\02\intelgath.txt "Intelligence Gathering" Contract
Professional Jan 1997 p. 45: review of "The Microsoft Way: The Real
Story of How the Company Outsmarts Its Competition" By Randall E.
Stross Addison Wesley, $25
\priv\96\04\immgood.txt - Kemp / Bennett says we need more, not
fewer skilled immigrants
\priv\96\03\ieeeusa.txt - Statement of IEEE-USA cites record
unemployment, but it is no longer the case.
\priv\96\02\estrada2.txt - complete text of article
\doc\96\01\caseimpr.txt "Case for importing foreign labor simply
doesn't compute" Seattle Post Intelligencer Jan 15, 1996 p. a9
Richard Estrada (Dallas Morning News). Quotes Matloff data on $7,000
Silicon Valley wage deficit, 1990 immigration increase based on
alleged labor shortage.
d:\priv\96\01\shormyth.htm 06/03/93 HIGH-TECH WORKERS BITTER OVER
SHORTAGES 'MYTH' Microsoft cites half of cs doctorates are foreign
born.
Natural Scientists increased by 33% from 1980 to 1990
\doc\96\01\chanimm.wk1
Table 2.3
Changes in the Number of Natural Scientists: 1980 to 1990
Pct
Characteristic 1980 1990 Change Change Pct of Change
Overall:
Male 246,934 300,573 53,639 21.7%
Female 60,361 108,102 47,741 79.1%
Overall Total 307,295 408,675 101,380 33.0% 100.0%
Non-Hispanic Whites:
Male 226,582 262,247 35,665 15.7%
Female 51,439 87,827 36,388 70.7%
Total N-H White 278,021 350,074 72,053 25.9% 71.1%
Blacks:
Male 7,755 10,686 2,931 37.8%
Female 3,751 6,435 2,684 71.6%
Total Black 11,506 17,121 5,615 48.8% 5.5%
Asian/Pacific Islanders:
Male 10,100 17,955 7,855 77.8%
Female 4,345 9,328 4,983 114.7%
Total Asian/ P-I 14,445 27,283 12,838 88.9% 12.7%
Hispanic:
Male 5,075 8,318 3,243 63.9%
Female 1,843 3,991 2,148 116.5%
Total Hispanic 6,918 12,309 5,391 77.9% 5.3%
Source: Census data analyzed in "Foreign Born Scientists
Engineers and Mathematicians in the United States"
Center for Immigration Studies, Washington DC 1995
\priv\96\01\starsear.doc p. 6 "Star Search" THE NEW REPUBLIC JANUARY
22, 1996. Why work so hard to keep out talented and productive people
with restrictions on immigrant engineers?
\doc\95\14\mathsci.txt Immigrant Engineers and Scientists are More
Educated, Better Paid, Have More Skilled Persons Per Population, and
Have Better SAT Math Scores than White Natives, Data in
Anti-Immigrant CIS study shows.
Source: US Census data analysis by
"Foreign-Born Scientists, Engineers and Mathematicians in the
United States" Oct 1995 by the Center for Immigration Studies
(Wash DC)
Ranked by Participation per 100,000 - Chinese and Indians top the
list at 3-4 times Whites Foreign blacks nearly the same rate as
whites.
Number Per 100k Index
Native Indian 201 2924 4.20
For Indian 10,259 2700 3.87
Native Chinese 4,015 2651 3.80
For Chinese 16,012 2345 3.36
Native Korean 296 1578 2.26
For Japanese 1,503 1139 1.63
Native Japanese 1,950 1128 1.62
For NHWhite 29,370 922 1.32
Native NHWhite 645,500 697 1.00
Native Filipino 928 656 -1.06
For Filipino 3,942 650 -1.07
For Korean 1,982 624 -1.12
Native Cuban 560 620 -1.12
For Black 4,683 554 -1.26
Native Black 45,827 378 -1.84
For Cuban 1,571 326 -2.14
Native Mexican 8,834 283 -2.46
Native Other His 8,542 241 -2.89
For Other His 3,878 241 -2.89
For Mexican 1,180 48 -14.52
Ranked by Salary
Almost every Asian and European immigrant group is paid higher
than natives, even with a a larger proportion of young persons
Note that native blacks are paid within 12% of native white salary
even without correcting for job skills, education, or experience
Median Age
Income Index Under 30 Index
For Japanese $41,456 1.12 59.9% -1.27
For Chinese $39,691 1.08 52.2% -1.11
For Indian $39,370 1.07 59.0% -1.25
For NHWhite $38,827 1.05 44.8% 1.05
Native Chinese $38,525 1.04 59.2% -1.25
For Korean $38,251 1.04 52.6% -1.11
For Cuban $36,951 1.00 50.5% -1.07
Native NHWhite $36,920 1.00 47.2% 1.00
Native Japanese $36,869 -1.00 51.1% -1.08
Native Filipino $35,276 -1.05 51.9% -1.10
For Filipino $35,070 -1.05 42.2% 1.12
Native Mexican $33,839 -1.09 56.2% -1.19
For Other His $33,440 -1.10 54.3% -1.15
For Black $33,252 -1.11 52.7% -1.12
Native Black $33,185 -1.11 48.8% -1.03
Native Other His $32,979 -1.12 57.7% -1.22
For Mexican $21,923 -1.68 58.5% -1.24
Ranked by College Education
Every immigrant group except for Cubans is better educated than
the native White population
College+
For Indian 65.2%
For Chinese 61.4%
For NHWhite 35.2%
For Korean 34.8%
Native Indian 33.3%
For Black 29.6%
For Japanese 27.5%
Native Korean 27.3%
Native Chinese 27.2%
Native Japanese 23.9%
For Mexican 23.8%
For Filipino 21.5%
For Other His 21.0%
Native Other His 17.4%
-------------------------Native White ------------------------
Native NHWhite 16.8%
Native Cuban 14.3%
Native Filipino 13.3%
For Cuban 11.8%
Native Black 10.1%
Native Mexican 9.4%
Immigrants and Foreign Students Have Higher SAT Math Scores
1995 Scholastic Aptitude Test Breakdown by Ethnicity
Data from the College Board
Data Entry and Analysis by Arthur Hu
White Black
Language p.6 pct verb math pct verb math
Citizen 98 449 498 93 357 387
Perm Res/ Refu 1 415 510 4 341 382
Citz of Other 1 424 541 3 374 433
Not Citizen 2 7
Hispanic Asian
pct verb math pct verb math
Citizen 88 383 430 60 452 539
Perm Res/ Refu 9 332 399 24 364 514
Citz of Other 3 334 420 15 384 579
Not Citizen 12 39
Rank by SAT Math Score
579 Asian Citizen of Other Nation
541 White Citizen of Other Nation
------Foreigners On Top---------------
539 Asian Citizen
498 White Citizen
430 Hispanic Citizen
420 Hispanic Citizen of Other Nation
374 Black Citizen of Other Nation
357 Black Citizen
Notes - Asian citizen V452 better in verbal than White V449, thus
native Asians have the highest SAT scores, individually, or
combined compared to any other US citizen group, contrary to
notions of racial verbal inferiority
Asian Perm Res V364 is comparable to Black V356 and Hisp
V376, but Math M514 is still better than White Citizen M498 -
Asian citizens of foreign countries are better in math and verbals
than Perm Res. They are better in math than Citizens (but citizens
> white too)
White foreigners are better than Asian citizens, contrary to notions
of Asian racial math superiority.
Nearly 40% of Asians not citizens, highest of any SAT group Only
Hispanic foreigners get worse scores than US citizens.
\doc\95\14\hirefor.txt
"Hiring foreign workers: A two-edged sword" SPI
Oct 4, 1995
- Commisioner Richard Estrada, and editor with the Dallas
Morning News, argues hiring too many foreigners reduces
the pressure to train Americans in math and science.
Bruce Ramsey observes that Microsoft needs 1,200 people
NOW.
- Rep Barabara Jordan rejects protectionism for
highly skilled specialized workers. They don't need
to be protected.
\priv\95\17\techshor.txt Survey uncovers technical shortages -- In
apparent contradiction, businesses lay off 300,000+ so far in '95
Electronic Engineering Times: Date: Oct 16, 1995
\doc\95\14\cisstudy.txt - David Chiang disputes CIS Study in
EE Times
\priv\95\17\eetimmg.txt contains multiple articles:
1>> Study: immigration hurts minorities
Electronic Engineering Times: Date: Nov 6, 1995, Score: 692, Bytes: 6436
2>> Electronic Engineering Times: Date: Apr 3, 1995, Foreign engineers
By Bob Bellinger
3>> Alien EEs defended by execs Electronic Engineering Times: Date:
Oct 2, 1995,
4>> 'Act now' on immigration, Pace told
Electronic Engineering Times: Date: Sep 11, 1995
5>> Reich backs tighter rules for temp visas
Electronic Engineering Times: Date: Oct 9, 1995
6>> CALLS U.S. 'TOO DEPENDENT' ON FOREIGN ENGINEERS -- IEEE warns on use
of aliens
Electronic Engineering Times: Date: Mar 6, 1995,
7>> End immigration? No; limit it
Electronic Engineering Times: Date: Oct 30, 1995
8>> It's too late to cry about labor shortage
Electronic Engineering Times: Date: Nov 6, 1995
9>> IEEE-USA urges trimming admissions
Electronic Engineering Times: Date: Nov 6, 1995,
10>> EE employment on rise
Electronic Engineering Times: Date: Oct 16, 1995
11>> LOOPHOLES NARROWED ON IMPORTING ENGINEERS -- H-1B visa rules
tightened
Electronic Engineering Times: Date: Jan 23, 1995
12>> Open the gates
Electronic Engineering Times: Date: Oct 9, 1995
1>> Study: immigration hurts minorities
Electronic Engineering Times: Date: Nov 6, 1995, Score: 692, Bytes: 6436
\priv\95\17\simpbad.txt - why simpson bill would be bad The
Information Technology Association of America (ITAA) joined today with
other major business groups in strongly opposing Senator Alan
Simpson's (R-WY) bill S. 1394, to restrict severely legal business
immigration.
\priv\95\15\unzimm.txt Ron Unz says Silicon Valley needs less
immigration and work restrictions
\priv\95\15\svreport.htm
\priv\95\15\debimm2.doc - Debugging Immigration National Review Oct 9,
1995 p. 28 Norm Matloff - says we don't need any more immigrant
engineers, they don't innovate, increase unemployment and lower
wages.
\priv\95\14\matmove.txt - Matloff says moving jobs offshore
doesn't equal jobs that will go away without immigrants
\priv\95\14\pimmbill.txt - employer must certify that they did not
lay off, or pay 110% of previous wage, fgm is illegal?
\priv\95\14\immprof.txt Chiang: Once again, the entire Asian-American
population (including all East Asian ethnic groups) constitutes only
3% of the U.S. population according to the 1993 Census; Asian skilled
immigrants are even a much smaller percentage of U.S. population and
Gross National Product (GNP). However, Asian Americans do have a high
percentage in Science and Engineering areas.
\priv\95\14\immprof.txt Study: Immigrants Fuel Surplus of Engineers
and Scientists WASHINGTON (Oct. 17, 1995) Large-scale immigration of
engineering and science professionals may be allowing our society to
relax efforts to attract underrepresented segments of the population.
It also has helped drive overproduction of PhDs in these fields and
growing unemployment and underemployment in these professions.
softpac:
http://www.infoark.com/softpac/govrelations
\priv\95\14\impol.txt Softpac: Sen. Simpson would require employers to
pay their immigrant workers 110% of the U.S. prevailing wage for the
occupation in which the immigrant is working, and also require
employers to pay a fee equal to 30% of the immigrant's first year's
salary into a fund dedicated to training American workers.
\priv\95\14\impol.txt HR2202 Bill: Under the proposed bill, employers
sponsoring and hiring skilled Asian-American immigrants must pay 5%
higher wages than those prevailing plus a substantial surcharge tax.
softpac: There is no 5% salary premium, nor a one time surcharge in
the Smith bill (HR2202). A copy of the bill is easily enough obtained
via world wide web at http://thomas.loc.gov
c:\priv\95\07\aliennat.txt - Alien Nation book - we don't need more
immigrants, or skilled engineers
\doc\95\07\forsci.txt - press release on <> by David S. North, says foreigners lower wages and exploit
poorly paid workers, diminish opportunities for women and blacks.
\priv\95\12\skillimm.txt
\doc\95\11\hireabro.txt 5% of Microsoft hires are foreign nationals.
Using foreign labor to lower costs is "abuse"
d:\priv\95\08\forengin.txt - writer says Americans must reserve jobs
for Americans.
\priv\95\07\immengr.txt - book on immgrant engineers, claims
immigrants are actually paid more than natives when correcting for
other factors
doc935:immgeng.xls - immigrant engineers make equal or more, >50% asian
@@english preference
\doc\96\03\imment.txt April 1996, No. 4-96 Are Immigration
Preferences for English-Speakers Racist? [As many as 1.9 billion
people, one-third of humanity, have some knowledge of the English
language, and most of these people are non-whites in developing
countries. Therefore, claims that English-language preferences or
requirements for immigration to the United States would be racially
discriminatory are unfounded.] Center for Immigration Studies 1815 H
St. N.W., Suite 1010, Washington, DC 20006 (202) 466-8185 (phone);
(202) 466-8076 (fax); msk@cis.org
full text \priv\96\08\immeng.txt
@@entrepeneur
%%Silicon Valley
\clip\96\02\asiatop.txt Date: Sun, 11 Aug 1996 06:40:53 -0400 Asians
rising to the top By Miranda Ewell Mercury News Staff Writer
Immigrant entrepreneurs:
Kenneth Fong/ Clontech Laboratories Inc., a
Palo Alto biotechnology firm;
David Lam, Chinese-born founder of Lam Research Corp. and Expert Edge;
Chong-Moon Lee, Korean-born co-founder of Diamond Multimedia Systems
Inc.
Wilfred Corrigan, British-born founder of LSI Logic Corp.;
Philippe Kahn of France, Borland International Inc
Vinod Khosla, Indian-born co-founder of Sun
Microsystems Inc.
%%Cadence
From Norm Matloff who says that Chinese
don't create jobs or do anything useful: Avant! is a Chinese company,
and Cadence started out as one. We're not talking about white bosses
here.
\clip\97\04\avant.txt Business Week (web) Updated May 8, 1997 by
bwwebmaster A NEST OF SOFTWARE SPIES?
%%Dynalab
\clip\96\01\asiasurf.txt Dynalab of Santa Clara Ca has developed a
system that lets US web browsers display any of 4 Asian languages.
%%Intel
Most point to Intel Chairman Andrew Grove and Intel's high percentage
of immigrant employees as proof of the importance of immigrants.
Norman Matloff dismisses the importance of Intel as "damaging to high
tech" because the 8086 used an inelegant segmented addressing scheme
(which greatly lowered the cost compared to a true 32 bit
architecture normally needed to address more than 64k of memory).
\priv\96b\06\intldupo.htm Intel makes 75% of all microprocessors in
the world, no competitor has more than a single digit share.
Microprocessor worlwide market share, 1996
X86 92.8% Intel, Amd Cyrix
PowerPC 3.3% IBM, Motorola
MIPS 2.1% Toshiba, NKK, NEC
SPARC 1.2% Texas Instruments, Fujitsu, Sun
68000 0.4% Motorola
Alpha 0.1% Digital
Data: Semico Research Corp
Business Week April 28, 1997
%%Kentucky Fried Chicken
\doc\96\03\kfcking.txt "Chicken and Burgers Create Hot New Class:
Powerful Franchisees: They Turn Stores Around And Then Shop for More"
Wall Street Journal May 21, 1996 p. A1 An Indian college dropout who
started sweeping the floors at a KFC, got promoted to manager after
his pals skipped out, and now runs a huge franchise empire by
out-managing the average mom and pop manager, and greatly boosting
productivity.
%%Kingston Technology
\clip\96\02\kingston.txt AP Aug 15 1996 Chinese Immigrants Sell
Kingston Technology Softbank Corp., Japan's largest software
distributor and a worldwide publisher of computer journals, on
Thursday announced plans to buy an 80 percent stake in Kingston
Technology Corp., the leading U.S. computer memory board maker, for
$1.5 billion. Founded in Irvine CA by two chinese immigrants, John Tu
and David Sun.
\clip\97\11\tu.txt Immigrants Tell Their Successes The Associated
Press, Tuesday, April 15, 1997 By CASSANDRA BURRELL Associated Press
Writer Kingston Technology President John Tu and Adrian Gaspar,
founder of the accounting firm Adrian A. Gaspar & Co., held an
audience spellbound as they told of their successes and failures
after they decided to come to the United States.
"Losing Big, Winning Bigger" Asian Week April 25, 1997 p. 10 F050997
%%Paint Balls
\priv\96b\08\painball.txt Chinese Immigrant revolutionzes paint balls with
tracer feature.
\priv\96b\06\mo.txt Epic Design co-founder
%%Toytown
CHARLES WOO IMMG'T FROM HONG KONG BUILDS LA TOYTOWN
\clip\97\20\toytown.txt From: dchiang@juno.com c Copyright 1997 The
Economist Newspaper Limited. All Rights Reserve The puppet-master of
toytown "Welcome to toytown. Over the past decade this desolate area
has given birth to about 500 toy companies, which together employ
more than 6,000 people and have sales of over $1 billion a year. "
@@environment
\clip\97\28\greenimm.txt Reducing greenhouse gases: the vital
immigration angle San Diego Union-Tribune, November 28, 1997 Steven
A. Camarota CAMAROTA is a resident Scholar at the Center for
Immigration Studies, a think tank in Washington, D.C., that examines
the impact of immigration on the United States. [immigration harms
US efforts to reduce emmisions]
\priv\96\12\envprog.txt "EPA regulatory record: Victories to
celebrate and failures to lament" Seattle Post Intelligencer April
21, 1996 p. E1 By BONNER R. COHEN c 1995 The Earth Times "Americans
live in an environment infinitely cleaner than it was only a few
decades ago." Air-pollution emissions in the United States are lower
than they were in 1940s or 1960s. Lead emissions have been
practically eliminated. Water quality has improved significantly
since the 1960s. There are more forest areas in the United States
than at any time since the 1920s. Unsightly garbage dumps have been
replaced by landfills, complete with sophisticated liquid and gas
collection and treatment systems.
\priv\95\17\immenvir.txt Los Angeles Times Friday, November 3, 1995,
Home Edition PERSPECTIVE ON IMMIGRATION The Case for Shutting the
Door; Reform proposals are still too high; we don't need more new
Americans beyond a replacement level of 200,000 a year.
Brimlelow says in Alien Nation that it's a waste of time to
implement clean up programs when we're adding people. In fact, it's\
a matter of quality, not quantity. A zillion people can emit
less pollution than fewer people with no smog controls or waste
treatment, and can take less real estate (a high rise handles
more people than half a state full of nomadic Indians)
http://www.arthurhu.com/index/immig.htm#engsalar
[[engineering salary
%%salary
Only Lawyers and Doctors make more than EE's
Electrical Engineering Times June 15, 1998 p. 159
EEs rank 6th on earnings list
1. Physicians $1,140 median weekly) $59,280
2. Lawyers $1,125 $58,500
3. Chemical Engineers $1,061 $55,172
4. Pharmacists $990 $51,480
5. Aerospace Engineers $997 $51,844
6. EEs $954 $49,608
7. Mechanical Engineers $925
8. Purchasing managers $900
9. Management analysts $875
10. Computer systems analysts and scientists.
List of 25 highest paid occupations according to
the Department of Labor
Electrial Engineering Times Times 1997 Salary Survey
http://techweb.cmp.com/eet/salarysurvey/salarysurvey.html
$100K: getting closer
http://techweb.cmp.com/eet/salarysurvey/salary/salary.html
\clip\97\20\eetimes\over100\salary.html
Electrical Engineering Times 1997 EE Times Worldwide Salary & Opinion
Survey
By ethnicity/ immigration status
Salary Origin
$79,400 Vietnam (*)
$76,800 Hong Kong
$74,400 India
$74,000 Arab / Iran SW Asian
$74,200 Chinese Heritage
$67,400 Total
$67,300 men
$67,000 women
$66,400 White
$66,000 American-born
$65,800 China
$57,100 African American
$57,100 Hispanic American
----------------------
* Sample less than 10
By education
$82,200 PHD
$81,200 Masters CS
$74,100 MBA
$71,800 MSEE
$65,300 MA/MS
$64,900 BSCS
$64,700 BSEE
By location
$85,200 San Jose
$74,400 Boston
$72,500 Portland Ore
$71,200 San Diego
$66,250 Austin
By experience
---------------
1 to <3 $43.7
3 to <6 $51.4
6 to <9 $63.4
9 to <12 $65.9
12 to <15 $71
15 to <20 $72.5
20 to <25 $76.7
+25 $75.5
"Most EEs have no problem with present immigration levels"
http://techweb.cmp.com/eet/salarysurvey/opinion/opinion1.html
\clip\97\20\eetimes\immok.txt [63% of engineers polled are OK, only
37% wanted to reduce immigration] poll of readers of EE Times
MATLOFF SAYS THAT STARING IMMIGRANTS EARN LESS
Norman Matloff's immigration report here is an excerpt from my long
report: UCLA Asian American Studies professor Paul Ong, together with
Evelyn Blumenberg, performed detailed studies on the 1990 Census
data. After adjusting for a host of factors such as experience,
education, English proficiency, and so on, they found that ``Recent
immigrants in engineering earn about one-third less than their
U.S.-born [Asian-American] counterparts...Foreign scientists and
engineers may be willing to accept lower salaries in order to obtain
full-time employment in the U.S., a prerequisite for permanent
residency.'' (The State of Asian Pacific America, Paul Ong (ed.),
LEAP Asian Pacific American Public Policy Institute and UCLA Asian
American Studies Center, 1994, p.179-180.) In the Electronic
Engineering Times, July 18, 1994, Ong comments, ``Companies took
advantage of immigrants.''
\doc\96\06\new1009.txt
Source: Sept 30 1996 Electronic Engineering Times Survey, P78-79
By heritage, we get mixed results. Of course, many of the engineers are
native U.S. citizens, whose families have been here for decades.
Korean $71,300
Asian Indian: $68,800
Chinese: $68,300
Japanese $68,900
Whites: $64,700
Hispanic/Mexican $62,500
African American $61,700
Arab or Iranian $56,700
Vietnamese $53,600
Opponents of looser immigration policies for engineering students and
graduates argue that immigrants "drive down salaries" by accepting lower
salaries. It doesn't show up in our salary survey. In fact, most of the
larger immigrant groups do better than native born Americans.
\priv\96\12\audidrop.doc 146 April 29, 1996 Electronic Engineering
Times "Audit: drop foreign-labor programs" Summary: Empower America
study finds foreign-born with masters degrees earn more than the
native born, real wages for engineers are up 43% from 1975 to 1995 vs.
12.6 percent decline for other workers. Inspector general believes H-1
and LCA programs do not protect American workers.
Foreign-Born Earn More Than Native Born
Median salaries of US recipients of MS degrees in sci and engineering
Years since Foreign- Native-born
degree born
1 to 5 $41,400 $40,300
6 to 10 $48,000 $47,900
11 to 5 $52,000 $50,000
16 to 20 $56,000 $52,000
21 or more $55,000 $58,200
Source: National Science Foundation
Stuart Anderson, author of a Republican-funded study titled
"Employment-Based Immigration and High Technology," counters IEEE-USA
claims that member surveys show that inflation-adjusted salaries for
electronic engineers have been on the decline or static over the past
20 years. Engineering Workforce Commission surveys of engineering
employers prove "the real median salary for engineers in electronics,
electrical machinery and computers, seven years after receiving a BS,
rose by 43.4 percent from 1975 to 1995." That compares with a decline
of 12.6 percent in real wages for other private-sector workers
- Some report that engineering salaries have been stagnant when
compared with inflation, due largely to immigration
Electrical Engineering Times 1995 EE Times Worldwide Salary & Opinion
Survey.
(http://techweb.cmp.com/techweb/eet/profession/f95/salary1.html)
Relative to other professions, engineers are doing well. Nationally,
hourly wages and benefits have been creeping ahead at about 1.5
percent when adjusted for inflation. Even figuring in a 3 percent
inflation rate, the EE's typical 6.6 percent improvement outpaces the
national average. A survey by Robert Half and Associates found that,
by contrast, 80 percent of the professions it tracks lagged
inflation. They survey tracks average salaries at $35,800 in 1983
vs. $63,700 in 1995 54% had a spouse salary, mean of $31,200. Added
togther would make $94,400 or hte top quarter of income earners, or
mean of $79,300
Technical director: $85,000 (up from $80,000)
Principal engineer: $73,500 (up from $66,900).
Project engineer: $60,600, (up from $57,400).
Software engineer: $56,900 (up from $53,300).
System engineer: $58,600 (up from $56,500).
Member of the technical staff: $68,300 (same as 1994).
Department head: $80,600 (down from $82,200).
Software manager: $73,900 (up from $70,500).
Titles with fewer than a dozen responses apiece:
Vice president: $94,000.
VP of engineering: $80,000.
Research director: $76,900.
Regions with high percentages of immigrants have highest salaries
N. California $74,200
Pacific $69,900
S. California $67,900
New England $64,000
Mountain $61,800
Mid Atlantic $61,600
S. Atlantic $61,400
E. S. Cent $61,300
West S. Cent $60,800
Pay By Education
PhD $77.8
MSEE $68.3
MSCS $66.4
MBA $67.9
BSEE $60.4
BSCS $60.1
OtherBS $57.7
Men $63.7
Women $63.3
\clip\97\14\salary.txt
http://www.techweb.com/se/directlink.cgi?EET19970519S0099 EE Times
May 19, 1997, Issue: 954 IEEE survey: median income for engineers up
fourth straight year -- Salary raises for EEs outpace the rate of
inflation By Robert Bellinger
IEEE nonstudent member Survey
By degree
---------------
PhD $82,708
MSEE $75,000
MA/MS $74,900
MBA $80,300
BSEE/CEE $63,000
By ethnic background:
----------------------
- White: $72,000;
- African-American: $62,000;
- Hispanic: $71,500;
- Asian or Pacific Islander: $71,450.
(Immigrants aren't paid significantly less, but blacks are)
\doc\94\17\eesurvey.wk1 EE Times survey
\priv\95\11\eetsurv.htm
Immigrants Salaries (groups over 12) mean
1994 1995
United Kingdom $80,300
Germany $70,000
Taiwan $66,400 $72,800
India $61,600 $69,600
Hong Kong $65,500
China $53,000 $64,700
------------------------------------------
overall $59,800 $63,700
------------------------------------------
Vietnam $56,700
[[engineering shortage
Sept 1, 1997 Electronic Engineering Times p. 82 survey of
readers
48% in 1997 vs. 42% in 1996 said some projects had been
delayed for lack of personell.
88% in Japan say there is a shortage of engineers
What kind of technical personell are in short supply?
-----------------------------------------------------
35.8% Software or programmers
31% Sofware engineers
20% Design engineers
16% "experienced qualified personell"
11.8% Electrical Engineers
6.6% RF engineers
4.8% Programmers
3.7% ASIC engineers
3.3% Embedded engineers
3.3% Technicians
\priv\95\19\EETimesE.txt - There's a serious shortage of engineers,
low national IQ
@@ethnic hiring network
\doc\96\03\bestjob.txt "Best Job Search" Electrial Engineering Times
May 20, 1996 F052196. University of Iowa researcher Sara Ryap
surveyed 249 employers, and found that while newspaper ads were the
most widely used method to recruit, informal referrals were the most
useful because of pre-screening by known people. This is in contrast
to UC Davis professor Norm Matloff who is critical of Chinese and
other immigrants who use ethnic networks to hire persons, and claims
that it hurts competitiveness and harms natives.
http://www.arthurhu.com/immig.htm#\doc\96\03\bestjob.txt
@@exclusion
[Jeffrey Lesser writes:] Colleagues Many years
ago I published a small article on the ways in which immigration law
and citizenship decisions by the Supreme Court increasingly targeted
Asians in the first half of the twentieth century. It may be of some
interest to those following the race in immigration law and policy
[was: First Indian in America/NZ legislation] string. J. Lesser
"Always Outsiders: Asians, Naturalization and the Supreme Court."
Amerasia Journal 12:1 (1985-1986), 83-100. Jeffrey Lesser Associate
Professor of History Box 5491 Connecticut College 270 Mohegan Avenue
New London, CT 06320 USA
PHONE: 860/439-2229 FAX: 860/439-5332 EMAIL: jhles@conncoll.edu
Ngai notes how race and nationality
were used as basis for exclusion. Chinese were excluded regardless of
nationality, others were based on geography.
[Michael Shirreffs writes:] The US was less
subtle in its 1924 Immigration Act. It effectively eliminated all
immigration from east and south Asia based on perceived race, not
country of origin. (The only exception to this was The Philippines
which had "protectorate" status. Seen as a "loophole," later
legislation prevented Filipino immigration.) My understanding is
that the goal in basing the law on race, or interpreting it to be so,
was in part to prevent Japanese from immigrating to the US from
Brazil and Chinese from Canada, Mexico, and the Caribbean. Michael
Shirreffs Cal State Fullerton
d:\doc\95\14\exclude.txt ckk8t@uva.pcmail.virginia.edu
There are 9 broad grounds for exclusion under INA section 212(a):
1. Health related grounds
2. Crime related grounds
3. National security grounds
4. Public charge
5. Employment/Labor certification
6. Illegal entrants
7. Documentation requirements
8. Ineligibility for citizenship
9. Miscellaneous
The admissions is a two-step process: (1) U.S. consular officer
at visa application process, and (2) immigration officer at port
of entry. You also have to consider numerous exceptions and
waivers.
@@Export Regulations
PENTAGON HOLDS UP HIRING OF CHINESE IMMIGRANTS - HIGH TECH "EXPORT"
AND SECURITY ISSUE \clip\97\15\brain.txt From: dchiang@juno.com
06/16/97 U.S. News & World Report Comment - more anti-Chinese
discrimination?
Pentagon slows the brain train Secretary Cohen takes up the issue of
foreign high-tech workers As battle lines sharpen over U.S.-China
policy, a dispute is building within the Clinton administration over
high-tech exports. The latest conflict involves people: nearly 100
foreign scientists and engineers being wooed by the U.S. high-tech
industry. Under 1994 regulations, such workers are treated as "deemed
exports," meaning that what they learn on the job would be considered
an export if they leave the United States. Consequently, companies
must apply for an "export license" for foreign nationals they want to
hire, much as they would to export a supercomputer.
@@FAIR Federation for American Immigration Reform (FAIR)
\clip\97\18\fair.txt Economist Magazine July 19th - 25th 1997 So,
does America want them or not?
Hence Mr Stein's prescriptions. He would like financial
requirements for sponsorship raised to 200% of the poverty level (the
new 125% level would mean an "absurdly low" annual income of less
than $10,000 for a single person or under $20,000 for a family of
four); a five-year freeze on most immigration categories other than
the spouses and minor children of American citizens; an annual limit
of 50,000 (roughly half last year's number) for refugees; and a
permanent reduction to 300,000 in the annual intake of migrants.
Detroit Free
Press op-ed by Taunton quotes Norman Matloff that we are
"overproducing electrical engineers" \clip\97\15\tanton.htm
FAIR home page
\clip\96\02\fairconf.txt Los Angeles Times, August 11, 1996 Activists
See Dire Immigration Threat Conference: At a meeting in San Diego,
so-called 'restrictionists' say newcomers are damaging U.S.
character. Opponents call the claims exaggerated. By PATRICK J.
McDONNELL, Times Staff Writer
\priv\95\15\immbackl.txt Pulling Up the Ladder The Anti-Immigrant
Backlash The Federation for American Immigration Reform (FAIR) is
directly tied to more virulent racists by the funding it has received
from the Pioneer Fund. Between 1985 and 1989 the Pioneer Fund provided
eight grants totaling $295,000 to FAIR, and three grants totaling
$80,000 to the American Immigration Control Foundation.
@@family apprehension
\priv\95\15\taxrent.txt And, as the Border Patrol reports that it
apprehends almost 100% of women and children trying to cross the
border
@@family preference
Most immigrants are admitted on the basis of family preferences. Only
5% are admitted on the basis of skills that employers need.
"fewer than 5 percent were admitted because of their job skills Most
of the rest were allowed in because they were relatives of U.S.
citizens or other immigrants or were refugees, and a quarter of the
total were illegal immigrants" \CLIP\97\13\founder.txt Foundering In
a Wave of Immigrants U.S. Prosperity Eludes Millions of Newcomers
The Washington Post, Saturday, May 10 1997 By William Branigin and
Pamela Constable Washington Post Staff Writers
\priv\95\09\pullback.txt Pulling Back on Extended Families SFC 8/2/95
p. 1
@@Farmworker
CANADA OFFERS VISA, AIRFARE, HOUSING, HEALTH CARE TO MEXICAN WORKERS
Low Pay and Hard Work, Blessed by Immigration By ANTHONY DePALMA The
New York Times, July 13, 1999 The person who brought him in was Jim
Garrett, a Canadian farmer who had agreed to pay about half his air
fare through a government program that imports thousands of seasonal
laborers a year. Portugal and more than 6,000 other Mexican men and
women will come to Canada this year and stay for up to eight months,
getting paid $4.75 an hour They get free housing and free medical
care, and they contribute to a pension that will be sent to them when
they retire in Mexico.
\clip\97\30\noshort.txt G.A.O. Sees No Worker Shortage, Dampening
Efforts to Import Farm Labor The New York Times, December 28, 1997 By
STEVEN GREENHOUSE [40% of farm workers illegal aliens]
CIS Does U.S. Agriculture Really
Need Immigrant Labor? Study claims that automation can reduce the
need for immigrants and immigrants stifle innovation.
\clip\97\16\migrwork.txt From: msk@us.net (Mark Krikorian) Giving
Migrant Farm Workers a Share of Ownership and Profit The New York
Times, June 26, 1997 By BARNABY J. FEDER " Conditions have improved
for the nation's 1 million farm workers since Edward R. Murrow's
shocking 1960 CBS documentary "Harvest of Shame." Most now get
unemployment insurance, Social Security, and workers compensation
coverage, clean water and access to toilets. After adjusting for
inflation, though, wages have been declining for 20 years, as illegal
immigrants continue to flood the labor market."
From: msk@us.net (Mark Krikorian)
The Department of Labor has published , by Richard
Mines, Susan Gabbard and Anne Steirman. The report was prepared for the U.S.
Commission on Immigration Reform based on data from the National
Agricultural Workers Survey (NAWS).
The report found that in 1995, 69 percent of farmworkers were foreign-born,
a 10 percent increase from 1989. Virtually all immigrant farmworkers were
Mexican-born in 1995, when they accounted for 65 percent of all farmworkers
(up from 53 percent of all farmworkers in 1991). The proportion of illegal
aliens rose from seven percent of all farmworkers in 1989 to 37 percent in 1995.
The report should soon be available on the Web at:
http://www.dol.gov/dol/asp/public/programs/agworker/naws.htm
or from Rick Mines at RMines@dol.gov
The U.S. Department of Agriculture has published , AER-748, by Jack L. Runyan
(jrunyan@econ.ag.gov). A summary of the report is available at:
http://www.econ.ag.gov/epubs/HTMLsum/AER748.htm
The report uses data from the 1992 Census of Agriculture as well as the 1994
Current Population Survey. With regard to immigrants, the report finds that
about 34 percent of farmworkers are born abroad. Ninety-six percent of the
260,000 immigrant farmworkers were Hispanic and 74 percent had less than
nine years of education (among all farmworkers, only 36 percent had less
than a ninth-grade education).
To order copies of the report (listed at $9), call (800) 999-6779.
@@financial aid
\priv\95\15\finaid.txt - proposal to end financial aid for
immigrants
David Chiang counters North study
2/98 is a new study by immigration
researcher David North, supported by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation.
Contrary to the claims of advocacy groups that foreign students boost
the U.S. balance of payments, the study found that 85 to 90 percent
of the funding used to finance the doctoral degrees of foreign
students comes from U.S. sources. In addition, reliance on U.S.
funding increased as the students stayed in the U.S.; partial
overseas funding in the first year of study often was replaced with
full U.S. funding in subsequent years.
The study is based on in-depth interviews with 92 Ph.D. candidates
from 15 different departments on 14 campuses across the country. To
avoid overstating the U.S. contribution, the funding examined
included only tuition and stipends (excluding hidden subsidies from
grants, endowments or tax sources).
Contact:
David North 3113 N. Kensington St. Arlington, VA 22207 fax: (703)
241-1724
@@Flight (white / native flight)
Washington Post Nov 11, 1998 \clip\98\16\miami.txt [Myth of the
Melting Pot] America's Racial and Ethnic Divides -------------------
A White Migration North From Miami
NATIVE FLIGHT IS FROM UNEMPLOYMENT AND POPULATION, NOT IMMIGRANTS
"Flight From The Big Cities" Business Week May 5, 1997 p. 30 f052797
Regional Financial Associates in West Chester PA finds that most
native flight is away from cities with big populations and high
unemployment, cities with a lot of immigrants actually see a slight
inflow of natives. It is wrong to say that immigrants chase away more
desireable natives.
@@food stamps
Food stamps once did not consider immigration status, but now even
legal immigrants will lose food stamps if they are not citizens.
\clip\97\19\foodstam.txt Legal immigrants lose food stamps Welfare
reform provision about to take effect August 21, 1997 From
Correspondent Jennifer Auther LOS ANGELES (CNN) -- Beginning in
September, nearly a million legal immigrants in the United States
will lose their food stamps -- assistance some of them have relied on
for years.
LA ORANGE COUNTIES TO EXTEND IMMIGRANT FOOD STAMPS BEYOND FED DEADLINE
\clip\97\03\foodstam.txt Food-Stamp Cutoff for Legal Immigrants Will
Be Delayed Los Angeles Times, February 4, 1997 Welfare: L.A., Orange
counties plan strategies to extend benefits through August, despite
federal deadline of April. "No state will be hit harder by the
cutoffs than California, where an estimated 270,000 legal immigrants
(8%) are expected to lose food assistance. In California, the
federally financed program provides free food to 3.2 million poor
people"
\clip\96\04\foodstam.txt AP 19-Sep-1996 The Associated Press Legal
Aliens Denied Food Stamps [in California] By DOUG WILLIS Associated
Press Writer. State government stops accepting food stamp
applications for legal residents and has plans to stop giving it to
all legal immigrants with some exceptions. One says that citizenship
only was supposed to make a differnence in voting and office, not aid
benefits.
@@for, @@pro
Summary of reasons by Arthur Hu
Immigrants will increase unemployment. Huddled masses need jobs.
Data: 2 jobs were created for every immigrant 83-93 8.9 million
immigrants compared to 19.7 million job. 1973-95 14.4 vs. 35 million
new jobs. (INS, Business Week, Economist)
Immigrants will lower wage levels in engineering and raise
unemployment levels. - Engineering has highest pay (Census) highest
increase in pay (EE Times) , lowest unemployment of college
graduates, highest growth rate in jobs (Census)
Immigrant engineers are paid $7000 or 15% less than natives. Source:
Norm Matloff, Silicon Valley, equalizing for education. Data: CIS
study and EE Times surveys shows immigrants are in fact more
educated, and nationwide are paid 5-12% more than native whites.
Black natives are paid less than native whites, however. 1
Immigrant engineers are of lower quality than Natives. Source: Norm
Matloff. Fact - Immigrant Asians have the highest rates of college
education, the highest SAT math scores, and the highest rate of
participation in high tech of any ethnic group.
- Asians found high tech companies with high paying jobs.
Norm Matloff claims they do not hire natives and take jobs
away, yet cites a Chinese friend who was laid off from a
Chinese-founded firm, and then was re-hired by another
Chiense-owned firm.
- Greatest growth in jobs is at top and bottom - exactly matching
immigrant profile
- Center for Immigration studies claims Asians displace
minority engineers, but black engineers increased by 66%,
and black math and computer scientists increased by 85%
despite 90% and 237% growth in Asians driven largely by
immigration.
- Unemployment is down to only 5% from over 10% in the 70s, despite
adding 15 million immigrants 1973-1995
- Unemployment rate in Q2 1995 for CS is only 1.4%, EEs 1.7%
- Layoffs are due to restructuring and competition, not immigration
- Wages and living standards have been going up, accounting
properly for inflation and technology
- Asians have high rate of citizenship application, Asian
citizens have lowest rate of welfare use. Hispanics have
much lower rates of welfare use among the poor compared to
Whites and Blacks.
- Asians have smallest ratio of elderly, only 6% of
SSI overall, and have low rates of social security, high
percentage of young, healthy working age adults.
- It is nonsense for matloff to hold that Chinese * do not
innovate * did not make any important contributions * do
not run any important companies * are not needed as
employees
- Matloff claims that things like have more relevant experience,
skills, more education, and lower wages, and other things that "do
not matter" only exist as excuses to prefer immigrants, and that any
programmer can be productive in MS-windows in a matter of weeks.
Claim: Environmental problems are caused by overpopulation which can
be stopped only by stopping population growth. Fact: Air and water
pollution are down, forests are up, and real prices for all natural
resources and proven reserves are up, not down from the 1970s.
Source: \priv\96\12\envprog.txt "EPA regulatory record: Victories to
celebrate and failures to lament" Seattle Post Intelligencer April
21, 1996 p. E1 By BONNER R. COHEN c 1995 The Earth Times "Americans
live in an environment infinitely cleaner than it was only a few
decades ago."
==================================================================
Armey says we could use even
more immigrants.
MOST AMERICANS EXCEPT THE LEAST SKILLED WIN FROM IMMIGRATION
\clip\97\13\immben.txt New York Times May 18, 1997 Report Says
Immigration Is Beneficial to the U.S. By ROBERT PEAR [W] ASHINGTON
-- Immigration produces substantial economic benefits for the United
States as a whole but slightly reduces the wages and job
opportunities of low-skilled American workers, especially high school
dropouts, the National Academy of Sciences said Saturday.
Press Release
http://www2.nas.edu/whatsnew/26fa.html
c:\clip\97\13\press.htm
Summary of report
\clip\97\13\summ.htm
http://www2.nas.edu/new/2152.html
US News Summary:
SKILLED ENGINEERS A DEFINITE PLUS, SHORTAGE OF PROGRAMMERS US News
5/26/97 The surprising new bottom line on immigration's costs and
benefits BY PAUL GLASTRIS \clip\97\13\immpay.txt
http://www.usnews.com/usnews/issue/970526/26immi.htm The alien payoff
"There is little dispute about the economic value of highly skilled
immigrants. Chinese engineers, Russian physicists, and Indian
computer programmers earn high wages, increase the gross domestic
product, and, to the extent their skills are not easily matched by
those of native-born workers, increase America's per capita income.
In other words, they make native-born workers marginally richer."
FORBES: IMMIGRATION BRINGS BRAINPOWER, ENGINEERS DON'T CROWD
OUT NATIVES BUT ADD TO US TALENT POOL
url: http://www.forbes.com/forbes/110496/5811210a.htm clip:
\clip\96\10\needimpt.txt magazine: Forbes Nov 4, 1996 A needed
import: entrepreneurial spirit By Damon Darlin
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
\doc\96\06\cityimm.txt , by Philip
Peters, Senior Fellow
Alexis de Tocqueville Institution, a high-immigration think tank in
the Washington, D.C. area
The report says five general tendencies were found in the responses:
1) Immigration's local impact is viewed as positive
2) No recommendation to cut llegal immigration
3) Immigration brings growing pains and adjustment problems
4) Immigrants fill economic niches
5) No desire to stop educating children of illegal immigrants
Here is the Executive Summary:
A survey of mayor and city officials in America's highest-immigration cities
shows that these officials generally believe that immigration has had a
positive impact. Combined "positive" and "very positive" responses were 77
percent.
\priv\96b\05\sowlimm.txt Thomas sowell says imimgrants fill niches
filled badly by natives and benefit not only themselves but create
wealth in the host country as well. Thomas Sowell insists that the
point of his latest book, "Migrations and Cultures" (Basic Books, 516
pages, $30), is "not to evaluate migration policies politically or
morally," but his study will be useful to the pro-immigration side in
the current debate.
--------------------------------------------
\priv\96\17\abraham.txt Give Spencer Abraham a robe and a torch By
Lori Montgomery Knight-Ridder Newspapers May 3, 1996 - Republican
senator Spencer Abraham from Michigan performs a Washington miracle,
and puts together a coalition which defeats reductions in legal
immigration.
--------------------------------------
\priv\96\08\immpct.txt - Today, annual immigration amounts to less
than one-half percent of the workforce, compared to 2% in 1900
Business Week 4/22/96 "Huddled Masses Yearning for Your Job? by
Aaron Bernstein"
>> \priv\96\05\asimbols.doc \priv\96\05\asimbols.doc Asian Immigrants
Help Bolster U.S. Economy, New Report Says New York Times March 31,
1996 By CAREY GOLDBERG SAN FRANCISCO, March 30 _ From Cambodian
doughnut-shop owners to Chinese electronics engineers, Asian
immigrants do far more good than harm to the nation's economy, a new
report says.
asian.immigration.for
4/2/96
\doc\96\03\taletwo.txt Hispanics have lowest rate of welfare among
poor in CA H17 W50 B65 "A Tale of Two Migrations, One White, One Brown" Los Angeles Times
3/17/96 p. M6 New Hispanics as uneducated as Anglos in 50's, should
be harnessed for economic growth and families.
\priv\96\04\pushup.txt - classic study done in 1912 by Isaac
Aaronovich Hourwich, IMMIGRATION AND LABOR. That study was based on
the data collected by the US IMMIGRATION COMMISSION and Hourwich
concluded that The immigrants 'pushed' the native born and older
immigrant workers into higher paying and semi skilled jobs, while they
occupied the lowest rungs of the job market.
\priv\96\03\retiwork.doc New York Times article - retiring baby
boomers will cause a labor shortage bidding entry level wages.
\priv\96\01\gilder.doc/txt - Original article \doc\95\15\geniusa.txt
"Geniuses From Abroad" George Gilder, Wall Street Journal Dec, 18,
1995 editorial. 1/3 of silicon valley engineers are immigrants. About
one third of US geniuses are foreign born, another 20% of children of
immigrants. One third of all US Nobel prize winners are foreign born.
The living standard of the US might be 40% lower if not for
immigrants. American born geniuses were behind Fairchild and Intel,
but they were also helped by immigrants. Jean Hourni invented planar
processing, Dov Frohmann-Benchkowski invented EEPROMs. Andrew Grove is
the CEO, solved problems of MOS technology. LSI, IDT, Actel, Atmel,
Xicor and Sun were all founded or led by immigrants. He argues the US
is cutting off its best supply of genius talent. f121895
\priv\95\19\fairnot.txt - FAIR response to Cato Immigration study
\priv\95\19\immgood.txt - Cato study shows immigrants make
net contribution, don't threaten the environment.
New study says immigrants contribute more than they take San Jose
Mercury News 12/11/95 (Los Angeles Times)
>>\priv\95\18\opprefm.txt Industry and civil rights groups
oppose restricting immigration
@@fraud
\doc\96\04\frauplag.txt
Fraud Plagues U.S. Programs That Swap Visas for Investments Wall
Street Journal April 11, 1996 p. B1 Two program, the million dollar
investor program, and the L-1 have problems with low usage, and
setting up sham companies that don't really exist just to get into
the U.S. F060696
@@gardeners
\priv\95\14\impol.txt 48.7% of groundskeepers and gardeners in
Chicago are immigrants Chicago Tribune Oct 12, 1995
@@garment workers
New York Times June 3, 1996 After Raids on Illegal Garment Workers,
It's Business as Usual Federal Offensive: New Enforcement Of Old Law
Unenforceable Law: Arrested Workers Are Soon Back Owners'
Alternative: Acting Illegally Or Going Under By CELIA W. DUGGER
\priv\96\17\GARMRAID.HTM \priv\96\19\garmraid.txt
Summary: Chinese factories are largely untouched, many Chinese
workers are thought to be legal. 80 percent are Latino from Mexico or
Ecuador. There is no evidence that legal Americans gain jobs from the
raids, authoritities won't even guess. 86 factories were hit and
1,2228 were arrested.
@@Gay Immigrants
\clip\97\29\gayimm.txt Gay, HIV-positive immigrants seek asylum Some
say increasingly successful effort invites flood of questionable
claims The Dallas Morning News, December 22, 1997 By Pete Slover /
The Dallas Morning News SAN FRANCISCO - Give me your tired, your
poor, your huddled masses yearning ... to openly express their sexual
orientation?
\clip\97\11\gayimm.txt Fighting for Their U.S. Lives New Law Gives
Gay Illegal Immigrants Fewer Ways to Stop Deportation The Washington
Post, Wednesday, April 23 1997 By Pamela Constable Washington Post
Staff Writer "In recent years, the U.S. government has opened its
doors to foreign-born homosexuals. In 1990, it repealed a longtime
law barring them from immigrating; in 1994, it began allowing them to
seek political asylum."
@@Germany
Does Germany fear diversity's powerful Force? Seattle Times Sept 27,
1998 p. A2 30% of Frankfurt is immigrant. 7 million total. Fear a
menace to nation's identity, 52% think too many in poll, 10% extreme
right support. Germany is only major Western nation that bases
citizenship on bloodlines from 1913 imperial decree. 2 million Turks.
12% voted for parties in Frankfurt that would expel foreigners.
@@GNP
ECONOMY GROWTH DRIVEN BY IMMIGRATION \clip\97\12\econgrow.txt Los
Angeles Times Thursday, May 1, 1997 5.6% [ANNUAL] Economic Growth Is
Strongest Since 1987
\doc\95\14\japnalin.txt Japan grows faster than the US without
Immigration
Peter Brimelow Alien Nation p. 170
Alien % GNP Index
1955 1990 1955 1990
US 6 9 1.0 3.0
Japan 0.5 0.5 1.0 10.0
(But the US is the biggest economy in the world, even if it's not as
big per person, many factors other than immigration are at play)
@@graduate student
>>\priv\95\19\gradstud.txt - Matloff on why foreign S&Es come to the
US, to immigrate, not to get a degree.
@@Greece
\clip\97\20\immnews3.txt ATHENS, Sept 5 (Reuter) - Greece said on
Friday it expected to grant legal status to almost half a million
immigrant workers by this time next year in its effort to control a
large illegal labour market. Illegal immigrants make up about five
percent of Greece's 10 million population.
@@guest worker
\priv\95\19\guestwk.txt - Clinton opposed guest worker because of
illegal immigration and lower wages for US farmworkers.
@@health
\priv\95\13\sowell95.txt - ADDING A DOSE OF CANDOR TO IMMIGRATION
DISCUSSION by Thomas Sowell Seattle Times May 17, 1995 Where else will
you learn that diseases that were virtually extinct in the United
States - tuberculosis, leprosy, measles, cholera and malaria - have
been re-introduced into this country by immigrants? (Brimelow book)
@@health insurance
http://www.seattletimes.com/extra/browse/html97/immi_022697.html
\clip\97\06\immheal.txt Copyright © 1997 The Seattle Times Company
Wednesday, Feb. 26, 1997 Study: Latino children uninsured by San Jose
Mercury News Nearly half of the urban Latino children eligible for
government health coverage aren't receiving it because of their
parents' immigrant status, says a study by the University of
California at Los Angeles.
\clip\97\05\healbene.txt Va. Spares Legal Immigrants From Benefits
Cuts The Washington Post, Wednesday, February 19 1997 By Ellen
Nakashima Washington Post Staff Writer
http://www.census.gov/Press-Release/cb96-159.html
Census bureau: In 1995, a higher proportion of the foreign-born
population in the U.S. was without health insurance (32.5 percent),
compared with the native-born population (13.6 percent).
@@high tech
High tech has the highest salaries, lowest unemployment, highest job
growth of any field, yet it also has high percentages of immigrants,
who are supposed to ruin all of these things. But they don't.
%%against
HI TECH SHORTAGE EXCUSE TO PROMOTE SCHOOL TO WORK, NTCM INVENTED MATH
\clip\99\13\hitech.txt
From: msk@cis.org (Mark Krikorian)
[For CISNEWS subscribers: Four articles and an interview about the alleged
shortage of information technology workers in the United States. All of
these items refer to a new Department of Commerce report, "The Digital
Work Force: Building InfoTech Skills at the Speed of Innovation," that is
available on line at:
http://www.ta.doc.gov/reports/itsw/Digital.pdf
COMMERCE DEPT. SAYS U.S. WORKERS CAN FILL HIGH-TECH VACANCIES
Communications Daily, July 1, 1999 Commerce Dept. announced
initiatives Wed. to ensure that more Americans benefit from growing
digital economy. ..officials worry that U.S. citizens lacking
skills to fill high-tech jobs will be left behind in favor of skilled
foreign workers...
%%assemblers
\clip\98\07\3com.txt tip by msk@cis.org; The Wall Street Journal,
March 30, 1998, page 1 By TIMOTHY AEPPEL Staff Reporter of The Wall
Street Journal MORTON GROVE, Ill. -- Draped from the ceiling in 3Com
Corp.'s sprawling modem factory in this Chicago suburb is a sign of
the times: 65 different national flags, each representing the origin
of at least one person who has worked here since it opened 2 1/2
years ago.
%%For
http://www.techweb.com/se/directlink.cgi?INW19990215S0056
\doc\web\99\03\frezza.txt Posted for discussion/education purposes
only Internet Week February 15, 1999, Issue: 752 Give Us Your Nerds,
Your Techies, Your Ph.Ds Bill Frezza "These people did not take jobs.
They made jobs. And with a little capital behind them, they will make
many more jobs.
%%General
"IEEE members salaries beat inflation" Electrical Engineering Times
May 15, 1995 p. 103. Survey of 4,064 working members of IEEE society.
Average 18 yrs experiene, 10.5 yrs with current employer, 43 yrs old.
86% native born, 8.3% naturalized citizens, 4.6% permanent resident
alien, 0.7% H-1 visa, 0.3% other 200/5,800 are women, $6,500 gap, 7-9
yrs experience average, those with 10-14 years make more. Salary W
67,133 B65,000 H62,500, API 65,000 Average spouse income $20-$30,000
per year
%%network
\clip\98\06\immnet.txt Ethnic Network Helps Immigrants Rise to New
Heights in Silicon Valley The Wall Street Journal, March 18, 1998 By
DEAN TAKAHASHI
%%general
\clip\98\01\techhire.txt Foreign Legions: A U.S. Recruiter Goes Far
Afield to Bring in Techies The Wall Street Journal, January 8, 1998,
page 1 By JONATHAN KAUFMAN Staff Reporter of The Wall Street Journal
%%Unemployment
"EE unemployment takes leap" EE Times July 20, 1998 p. 121
Engineering Manpower newsletter. "even with the rise, the EE
unemployment rate is only half the national average of 4.5 percent in
June"
EE's Have highest unemployment rate (but still half general rate)
0.8% 1Q 1998
2.2% 2Q 1998
1.6% Overall EE 2Q unemployment rate
2.2% EEs
1.6% Programmers
1.1% CS / System Analysts
@@H-1B Visa
\clip\98\10\morefor.txt
http://www.nytimes.com/library/tech/yr/mo/biztech/articles/25visas.html
New York Times July 25, 1998 Congress Likely to Allow More Foreign
Engineers By ROBERT PEAR WASHINGTON -- House and Senate Republican
leaders reached agreement Friday on a bill to increase the number of
foreign computer programmers, engineers and other skilled workers who
can be admitted to the United States to fill job openings at
high-technology companies. the annual limit on the number of visas
for such workers, now 65,000, would rise to 115,000 over three years,
an increase of 77 percent....would require a company to certify,
before hiring a foreign worker, that it had tried to recruit a U.S.
worker for the opening and that it had not laid off an American to
hire the foreigner. Congressional aides said this requirement would
not apply to big companies like Microsoft or Sun Microsystems Inc.,
where foreign workers perform important jobs but account for a small
proportion of the work force.
Percentage of visas by country
44% India
9% China
5% Britain
3% Philippines
3% Canada
2% Japan
2% Germany
2% Pakistan
2% France
28% Other
\clip\98\10\immnews.xt MIGRATION NEWS Vol. 5, No. 7 July, 1998 Home
Page--http://migration.ucdavis.edu most H-1B workers are hired by
temporary staffing agencies--labor brokers--who lease them to US
employers, and many H-1B workers seek out US employers to sponsor
them for admission as immigrants. A San Diego Union-Tribune article
on June 8, 1998 noted the sharp contrast between employer testimony
and reality. Employer testimony emphasized wages of over $65,000 a
year, but Tata Consultancy Services, the second-largest employer of
H-1Bs, paid $35,000 to 13 Indian programmers with H-1B visas working
for UCSD. Tata does not recruit or hire US programmers; indeed, most
of the top 10 US requesters of H-1B workers have few or no US workers
on staff. if companies say they want to hire more skilled foreign
workers because those workers are cheaper, we should believe
them--and increase the number of visas issued." The article can be
viewed at: http://www.redherring.com/mag/issue56/toc.htm The top ten
US firms and the number of H-1B workers they imported between October
1, 1997 and March 31, 1998 were: Mastech, 672; Tata Consultancy
Services, 490; Sai Software Consultants, 224; Tata Infotech, 199;
ComputerPeople, 184; Intel, 144; Comsys Technical Services and
Syntel, 131 each; Quality Information Systems, 124; and Intelligroup,
116. In the first six months of FY98, 44 percent of H-1B visas were
granted to people from India.
STOP H-1S UNTIL QUOTAS FOR BLACKS ARE MET Blacks Ask For Clamp On
Tech Group
http://www.sfgate.com:80/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/chronicle/archive/1998/06
/13/BU9833.DTL June 13, 1998 Julia Angwin San Francisco Chronicle "A
coalition of black leaders asked the U.S. Department of Labor
yesterday to consider prohibiting Silicon Valley companies that fail
to hire enough blacks and Latinos from bringing in temporary foreign
workers. The novel idea was part of a package of suggestions
presented by the newly formed Coalition for Fair Employment in the
Silicon Valley during a meeting with Department of Labor officials.
The coalition met with the San Jose regional office that is
responsible for enforcing affirmative action among government
contractors. The meeting was sparked by a Chronicle investigation
(``Digital Divide'') last month that showed blacks and Latinos are
significantly underrepresented in Silicon Valley's leading firms, as
compared with the Bay Area workforce overall. The investigation also
found that many of the top technology firms had been cited by the
Department of Labor for failing to actively recruit blacks and
Latinos -- but most were not fined or penalized in any other way.
``It appeared to us (from The Chronicle articles) that the Labor
Department wasn't aggressively dealing with the issue,'' said Henry
Hutchins, president of the Bay Area Black MBAs and a member of the
coalition."
National Public Radio's program All Things Considered aired a long
story last Tuesday 5/12 on the controversy over claims of a high-tech
labor shortage and the H-1B visa issue. The web page describes the
piece thus: http://www.npr.org/ramfiles/980512.atc.06.ram
WA SENATORS APPROVE H-1 VISA INCREASE
http://www.seattletimes.com/news/business/html98/immi_051998.html
\clip\98\09\okbill.txt Seattle Times Company May 19, 1998 Senate OKs
bill to lift visa limit by Rob Wells The Associated Press WASHINGTON
- The Senate has agreed to expand a program to let U.S. businesses
hire foreign computer programmers and other skilled workers to fill
what business leaders describe as shortages of qualified workers.
Kennedy says we need better training
H-1 VISAS FINALLY RUN OUT IN 1997 \CLIP\97\21\MIGNEWS.TXT MIGRATION
NEWS Vol. 4, No. 10 October, 1997 http://migration.ucdavis.edu Many
foreign computer programmers work in the US as nonimmigrants with
H-1B visas. The number of H-1B visas is capped at 65,000 per year,
although each H-1B can remain in the US for up to six years, so that
390,000 H-1Bs can be working in the US at any one time. In FY97, the
INS ran out of H-1B visas in September.
The US Commerce and Education departments in September 1997 issued a
report that warned of a growing shortage of workers with advanced
computer skills, and argued that, if not remedied, US economic growth may
be slowed. The labor shortage "is increasing the cost of doing business
throughout this country and reducing our global competitiveness and
constraining our economic growth."
[For CISNEWS subscribers: The report discussed below is entitled
(GAO/HEHS-98-106R). Because it is correspondence
(less formal than a full-blown ), it is not posted on the
Internet. You may obtain a free hard copy by calling (202) 512-6000.
-- Mark Krikorian]
\clip\98\07\gao.txt Lack of Tech Workers Disputed Flaws Weaken
Reports Claiming Shortage, GAO Critique Says The Washington Post,
Monday, March 23, 1998; Page A02 By William Branigin Washington Post
Staff Writer
AFL-CIO OPPOSES MORE H-1
\clip\98\06\aflvisa.txt Labor Challenges High Tech Job Shortage
Claims WASHINGTON, March 18 /PRNewswire/ -- The Department for
Professional Employees (DPE), AFL-CIO today declared that allegations
of major shortages
1997 Forbes 100
MANY OF HIGH TECH RICH ARE IMMIGRANTS, INDIANS AND CHINESE ARE 6-7X
POPULATION, 6% of RICHEST \doc\web\clip\97\21\micrrich.txt The
Seattle Times Company
http://www.seattletimes.com/extra/browse/html97/tech_092297.html
12% are from Microsoft
4% vs. 0.7 Chinese = 5.7 times population
2% vs. 0.3 Indian = 6.7 times population
Immigrant - at least 10%
Tech News : Sept. 22, 1997 Technology's richest: 12 at
Microsoft Associated Press NEW YORK - The boom in technology stocks
is churning out millionaires by the scores as the industry continues
to grant employees more stock options than any other, Forbes ASAP
magazine says.
MELTING POT OF GOLD IN SILICON VALLEY
\clip\97\19\potgold.txt Updated Aug. 7, 1997 by bwwebmaster Business
Week Web WHERE IMMIGRANTS FIND A MELTING POT OF GOLD Foreign-born
entrepreneurs run high-tech legends and spawn hundreds of startups
There as many as 100,000 immigrants in high tech, some estimates one
in 3. There are 1,500 Asian American-owned tech companies in the
Valley, according to a study by investment bankers Hambrecht & Quist
and University of California at Berkeley's Annalee Saxenian, the top
30 have a market value of $25 billion.
MALAYSIAN STARTS UP INTERNET GAME COMPANY
\clip\97\18\malay.txt Malaysian Expats May Dream of Home, but Won't
Move Back The Wall Street Journal, July 22, 1997 By CHEN MAY YEE
Staff Reporter of The Wall Street Journal LOS ANGELES -- Silicon
Valley is a "weed garden," asserts Shahril Ibrahim, high-technology
whiz kid. By comparison, Malaysia -- Mr. Shahril's homeland -- is a
well-tended plantation. And that's a problem -- for Malaysia.
1997 JOBLESS RATES AT RECORD LOWS, HIGH TECH EVEN LOWER
\clip\97\11\emphigh.txt
http://www.techweb.com/se/directlink.cgi?EET19970421S0107 April 21,
1997, Issue: 950 Section: The Profession Employment levels stay high
-- Jobless rates hit record lows in nine states, and are probably
even lower for EEs "Engineers traditionally have much lower jobless
rates than the general population, as witnessed by the March national
unemployment rate of 5.2 percent, compared with 2 percent for all
types of engineers. As reported in "The Workplace" (see April 14,
page 103), Engineering Manpower newsletter estimates the jobless rate
for EEs at 1.1 percent-essentially full employment."
HIGH TECH NUMBER LARGEST EMPLOYER IN OREGON, COMPUTER ENGINEERS TO
DOUBLE IN WA BY 2005 \clip\97\11\drivseat.txt EE Times
http://www.techweb.com/se/directlink.cgi?EET19970421S0092 April 21,
1997, Issue: 950 Section: The Profession EEs in driver's seat for
jobs in the Northwest By Brian Santo Average high tech salary: Idaho
$52,000 Oregon $44,000 In Washington, there were more than 10,000
computer engineers in 1995, rising to double that number by 2005.
CUTTING OFF IMMIGRATION WILL STIFLE GROWTH OF WEALTH CREATION IN
COMPUTERS AND DRUGS.
High-tech growth is limited by growth in qualified employees.
"Top five wealth creating industries" Fortune Dec 9, 1996 p. 112
Market Value Added, millions
Drugs and Research $127,450
Computers, Software and Services $126,431
Coal, Oil and Gas $92,489
Telephone Companies $87,771
Conglomerates $82,391
p. 108: Red-hot computer networker Cisco systems is the most
efficient wealth creator, its MVA was an impressive 12 times its
total capital
@@Hanson, Pauline
Australia's equivalent to Norman Matloff does not hide her hatred of
the Chinese and other racial minorities, proposes banning immigration
of Asian parents who do not have pre-paid pensions.
\clip\98\10\hanson.txt Scare Crusade Pulls in Votes In Australia By
Kevin Sullivan The Washington Post, July 6, 1998, Page A1 CANBERRA,
Australia -- Pauline Hanson walked onto a stage decorated with dozens
of posters of herself wrapped in the Australian flag. A woman who has
tended bar, run a fish-and-chips shop and "had her fair share of
life's knocks," she looked out this recent evening at 160 other
white, middle-class "ordinary, normal Australians," and gave them
what they came to hear.
\clip\98\10\ausasia.txt From: msk@cis.org (Mark Krikorian)
Australia's Hanson Says Asian Immigration Figures Deceiving The
Associated Press, July 1, 1998 One Nation immigration spokeswoman
Robyn Spencer said the real annual immigration figures for Australia
were 159,000, not the 85,000 quoted in government figures. 70% of
Australia's migrant intake was Asian., Quoting a leading Canberra
demographer, Dr. Charles Price, Hanson said Australia would be 27%
Asian in 25 years.
AUSTRALIA'S HANSON WANTS TO BAN CHINESE PARENTS WITHOUT PENSIONS
\clip\98\10\austban.txt Australia's Hanson Supports Eventual
Deportation of Refugees The Associated Press, July 1, 1998 CANBERRA
(AP) -- Right-wing populist political leader Pauline Hanson unveiled
her immigration policies Wednesday, saying refugees would be deported
from Australia when "the troubles" in their homeland were over. One
Nation has proposed a radical overhaul of the immigration system,
with refugees denied the right to settle permanently, New Zealand
entry slashed and parents banned if they cannot transfer pensions
from abroad.
@@Hispanic
\clip\97\30\mexass.txt North of the Border, Down Mexico Way AMERICANS
NO MORE? Can assimilation operate today as it did a century ago? Or
is it going into reverse? National Review, December 31, 1997 by
SCOTT MCCONNELL Mr. McConnell is a writer based in New York City.
\clip\97\19\hisplaw.txt
For Hispanic Lawmakers, Time to Take the Offensive
The New York Times, August 25, 1997
@@Homeowner
CENSUS REPORTS IMMIG CITIZENS JUST AS LIKELY TO OWN THEIR HOMES
http://www.census.gov/hhes/www/homeown.html
\clip\97\20\homeown.txt
Foreign-Born Citizens As Likely To Own Homes as Native-Born Census
Bureau Finds
@@Housing
Immigrants can strain the housing market when they don't blink at
shacking up in very small, very cheap subdivided housing. They also
like in law units often frowned upon in sf, in nc they form 1/3 nre
households, and buy up big new houses in silicon valley
1/3 NEW HOUSEHOLDS IN NC ARE IMMIGRANTS
\clip\98\17\real.txt
About 29 percent of the 687,000 new households formed in North
Carolina since 1980 are headed by foreign-born immigrants, according to a
University of North Carolina-Charlotte study.
Fluent in Vietnamese, Thai and English, Courtney has been the first stop
for many Asian and Hispanic immigrants seeking a tangible piece of the
American Dream. These newcomers, along with others from countries such as
Newcomers seek shelter: Immigrants change face of home buying in state
By Robert Bell
The Observer-Times (Fayetteville, N.C.), November 15, 1998
\clip\97\19\immhous.txt In Many New York Neighborhoods, Tensions Rise
Over Immigrant Housing The New York Times, July 29, 1997 By DAN BARRY
and MIRTA OJITO
NEW YORK -- A prospective tenant is led into yet another of the human
beehives found behind the pleasant facades of residential homes in Queens
County. The first floor has been carved into five cubicles, the second into
six. Some renovations are so recent that chunks of plaster litter the
parquet floor, and wooden door frames have yet to be painted.
>>d:\priv\95\18\ctwnhous.txt - Rueters says Chinese stage housing
crisis in basements in NY Chinatown to qualify for public housing,
was reduced by banning public housing for undocumented immigrants
@@Illegal Immigrants
See illimm.htm
doc91:hins
doc935:insill.txt 3.2 million US, 1.28 million CA, 31% Mexican
@@income comparison
\doc\95\07\closdoor.txt "Don't Close Our 'Golden Door'" John Miller,
Center for Equal Opportunity, Wash DC, Wall Street Journal May 25,
1995. The foreign born make more per-capita, $15,033 vs. $14,367,
only 6% less as household $30,176 vs $28,314. Immigrants before 1980
earned $35,733 in household income, $19,423 per capita, 19% and 35%
ahead of native
California remains top 'cyberstate' EE Times June 1 1998
p. 93
Top 3 states in wages
1 Washington $66,000
2 New Jersey $58,900
3 California $57,900
SILICON VALLEY IMMIGRANTS MAKE MORE, MORE EDUCATED
Asian US Born
BS Degree 38.4% 20.3%
Unemployed 5.6% 6.2%
Manag/Prof 31.4% 26.8%
PerCapInc $16,661 $14,367
MedFamInc $39,395 $39,508
BelowPov 16.2% 12.7%
OnWelfare 10.7% 7.5%
Taiwan India China Phil US
BS+ 61.4 62.0 40.0 28.5 21.6
Eng-not well 11.1 4.6 23.1 7.4 0.9
not at all 2.7 1.5 11.8 0.4 0.1
Unemployed 2.8- 3.5- 2.3- 3.0- 0.2
Personal income 23,592 22,440 17,310 16,013- 16,178
Only unemployment rate is unfavorable, and they are all very low.
US Census figures, from San Jose Mercury News Sept 23, 1993
\doc936\immig2.xls
NEW JERSEY IMMIGRANT HOUSEHOLDS ONLY MAKE 6% LESS
\clip\97\08\njimm.txt N.J. Immigrants' Diversity and Education Tied
to Public Backing The New York Times , March 19, 1997 By CELIA W.
DUGGER - The average income for immigrant households in New Jersey
was $48,100 in 1989, just $3,000 a year less than that of native-born
households. (6% less, statistically, about equal)
@@income inequality
\clip\97\29\incineq.txt Study Shows New York Has Greatest Income Gap
The New York Times, December 17, 1997 By RICHARD PEREZ-PENA
Pulling Apart: A State-by-State Analysis of Income Trends - Press Release
December 16, 1997
http://www.cbpp.org/pa-rel.htm
STATE-BY-STATE REPORT FINDS INCOME INEQUALITY GROWING IN 48 OUT OF 50 STATES
SINCE LATE 1970s
---------------------------------------------------------
Only 7% of Economists agree that immigration has had a
major impact on income inequality
----------------------------------------------------------
\doc\97\03\econimm.txt Source: "Economists in Survey..." Wall Street
Journal March 6, 1997 p. A2 (survey of academic economists by the
Wall Street Journal, 1997)
% of academic economists who agree that a issue
had a major impact on income inequality:
-------------------------------------------------
80% Technological change
35% Deterioration of public schools
30% International trade
19% Changing demographics
7% Decline of unions
7% Immigration <-----------------------------
5% Declining minimum wage
\clip\96\02\valyinco.txt 4 Aug 1996 San Jose Mercury News Valley
defies growing income gap -- Census figures: Rich getting richer, but
Santa Clara County's poor also prosper. By Scott Thurm. The Mercury
News analysis of census surveys from 1976 to 1994 found that
household incomes in Santa Clara County have increased at every
socioeconomic level, after adjusting for inflation and the number of
people who live in the household. Household incomes at each level
studied increased between 12 and 25 percent. Comment - critics like
Norm Matloff claim immigrants reduce incomes, but Silicon Valley has
a high percentage of immigrants, but a high level of incomes that
increases for all income levels. Norm Matloff also dismisses the
importance of higher education, but the fact is that although high
school students are capable of programming, education is a key
advantage to Silicon valley residents.
\priv\96b\08\imminc.htm - Monday, July 15, 1996 · Page A1 © 1996 San
Francisco Chronicle PAGE ONE -- Income Gap Widens Fast In California
Rich didn't get richer -- poor got poorer, study says study of CA "
found that immigration, along with changes in the number of
female-headed households, were two of the major forces behind changes
in inequality at the state level. "
@@income increase
EVEN LATINO IMMIGRANT INCOMES UP, 67% OF ASIANS CITIZ IN 10 YRS, POV
ONLY 6%
\clip\97\06\immincup.txt
http://www.csmonitor.com/plweb-cgi/idoc.pl?142438+unix+_free_user_+www.csmonitor.com..80+paper+paper+archives+archives++asian
Immigrant Upward Mobility Reassessed Tracking California newcomers
over two decades shows surprising climb in income By Daniel B. Wood,
Staff writer of The Christian Science Monitor Jan 11, 1996
"One key finding is the growing income levels of male Latino
immigrants from 1980 to 1990. When lumped together as they are in
conventional studies, their personal income declined by 8 percent
during the decade. But by tracking specific age groups and adjusting
for inflation, Mr. Myers found Latinos aged 25 to 34 in 1980 saw
their average income climb from $14,890 to $18,899 a decade later - a
27 percent rise. " "Among Asians who arrived in 1980, 67 percent had
become US citizens by 1990. Some 53 percent of Asians spoke English
by '90, and the number in poverty was only 6 percent. Across all
ethnicities, when comparing 1970s immigrants with native-born
Americans of the same race, upward advancement was generally faster
for the immigrants."
@@Income Test
\clip\07\09\mignews.txt
Migration News April 1997
The New York Times on March 16, 1997 reported that an INS study of
2,160 statements signed by sponsors of family immigrants in 1994 found
that 30 percent of those sponsors had incomes below the new 125 percent
standard. The INS found that roughly half of the Mexicans and
Salvadorans, one-third of the Dominicans and Koreans, and one-fourth of
the Chinese and Jamaicans who sponsored immigrants in 1994 would not have
met the 125 percent standard.
About half of the immigrants sponsoring their wives, and 30 percent of
the US citizens sponsoring spouses, did not meet the 125 percent
standard. The income asserted by the sponsor was not verified, and it
was often difficult to determine family size. A US resident without
sufficient income to sponsor family members for immigration may find
another US resident to sign an affidavit of support.
An Urban Institute analysis of 1993 Census Bureau data found that 40
percent of immigrant families in the United States would not have enough
income to sponsor an immigrant under the 125 percent standard. If cash
and non-cash means-tested federal welfare benefits are included, about 21
percent of immigrant-headed households receive some welfare benefits,
compared with 14 percent of native-headed households.
@@increase
>>\priv\95\19\armyimm.htm - http://www.cato.org/main/pr-ja-da.html
Rep Dick Armey says we should think about increasing legal immigration
@@Innovation
Norman Matloff's claim against skilled immigrants hinges around his
contention that immigrants have made nearly none of the truly
important innovations in high technology, yet he insists that
America's most successful companies widely heralded by business
magazines and newspapers, Intel, Microsoft, and Yahoo aren't
innovative at all. So new immigrants aren't any more crucial to the
economy than Bill Gates, Intel, or Microsoft.
@@internet resources
http://www.usdoj.gov/ins/ INS home page
http://www.wave.net/upg/immigration/resource.html#Other LISTS"
http://www.wisc.edu/history/404tja/
http://www.uni-konstanz.de/FuF/ueberfak/fzaa/welcome.html
http://www.ruu.nl/ercomer/wwwvl/index.html
@@interstate movers
\priv\95\12\whammove.txt Where Americans Are Moving Fortune Aug 21,
1995 p. 32 - Most population growth is driven by interstate, not
foreign migration, and cities with the highest growth rates are also
the most prosperous with most job growth. Place with people leaving
tend to be in decline "Research done by Harvard economist Edward
Glaeser shows that once a city starts outpacing the nation in
population growth, it also moves to the top of the charts in job and
income growth." States where domestic immigrants provided one- to
two-thirds of population gain are Nevada, Arizona, Colorado, Florida,
Georgia, Idaho, New Mexico, North Carolina, Oregon, Tennessee, Utah,
and Washington.
@@irca
\priv\95\07\saws.txt - SAWS also converted to alien residents
\doc\95\06\irca.doc - Explains IRCA program from 1989 yearbook
\doc\95\07\irca1.wk1
Aliens Legalized under IRCA
Analysis by Arthur Hu
The IRCA (Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986) legislation
allowed illegal aliens who have been in the US since 1982 to apply
for legal status. They are counted in immigration figures, even
though they are already residents. The application period had ended
as of 1990
Applications filed as of May, 1990
Country Persons Percent
Total 1,762,143 100.0%
Mexico 1,230,457 69.8%
El Salvador 143,203 8.1%
Guatemala 42,483 2.4%
Columbia 26,392 1.5%
Phillipines 19,089 1.1%
Dominican Rep 18,285 1.0%
Poland 16,441 0.9%
Nicaragua 16,015 0.9%
Other 249,778 14.2%
Region Persons Percent
N. America 1,533,064 87.0%
Mexico 1,230,457 69.8%
Central Am 236,127 13.4%
Caribbean 59,913 3.4%
Asia 81,059 4.6% <- Less than 5% of undocumented
S. America 74,010 4.2%
Europe 35,243 2.0%
Africa 31,719 1.8%
Oceania 3,524 0.2%
Source: 1989 Statistical Yearbook of the
Immigration and Naturalization Service
IRCA as proportion of all immigrants 1970-1990
An estimate of percentage of immigrants who entered illegally
Total Imm Total Percent
Country 71-80 81-90 Less IRCA Undocumented
Total
Mexico 640,294 1,655,843 1,065,680 53.6%
El Salvador 34,436 213,539 104,772 57.7%
Guatemala
Columbia 77,347 122,849 173,804 13.2%
Phillipines 354,987 548,764 884,662 2.1%
Dominican Rep 148,135 252,035 381,885 4.6%
Poland 37,234 83,252 104,045 13.6%
Nicaragua
Other
Region
N. America
Mexico 640,294 1,655,843 1,065,680 53.6%
Central Am 134,640 468,088 366,601 39.2%
Caribbean 741,126 872,051 1,553,264 3.7%
Asia 1,588,178 2,738,157 4,245,276 1.9%
S. America 295,741 461,847 683,578 9.8%
Europe 800,368 761,550 1,526,675 2.3%
Africa 80,779 176,893 225,953 12.3%
Oceania
Note Asia has the smallest percentage of illegals asking for
legalization of status
Only 5% of illegals are Asian, compared with the 87% who are from
North America (including Mexico). Only 2% of Asians are likely to be
illegal, lower than any other region in the world, including Europe,
compared to over half of those from Mexico
@@Irish
c:\clip\97\08\irish.txt Subject: Erin Go Bragh Lately, Irish eyes
turning homeward: Republic's fast-growing economy is drawing back
many emigrants Boston Globe, March 17, 1997
@@italy
\clip\96\05\mignews.txt MIGRATION NEWS Vol. 3, No. 10 October, 1996
The government reports that there are almost one million foreigners
living in Italy, a country with a population of 56 million, not
counting naturalized Italians and "hundreds of thousands" of illegal
immigrants.
@@jamaicans
\clip\96\02\jamaic.txt Date: Mon, 12 Aug 1996 Jamaican Immigrants
Building Quiet Success Story The Miami Herald The Jamaican community
has a low poverty rate, high incomes and an impressive participation
in managerial and professional fields. They were English-speaking,
capitalist, and grew up familiar with American culture. Boswell
compiled a socioeconomic ranking that put Jamaicans over every
immigrant group except the Peruvians, and the highest personal
incomes. "Jamaicans will work 2 or 3 jobs to stay off of public
assistance"
@@Japan
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/WAPO/19970312/V000243-031297-idx.html
\clip\97\08\chincrim.txt Japan Fears Foreigner Crime Rise
AP Wednesday, March 12, 1997 4:36 am EST
"Though Chinese make up 16 percent of the foreigners living in Japan,
they committed 35 percent of the crimes by non-Japanese between
January and October last year -- up from 25 percent in 1991. "
@@job competition
\priv\95\14\immtake.txt - Immigrants take jobs from blacks
and hu response.
@@job field
\priv\95\14\impol.txt "IMMIGRANTS MAKE MARK ON CHICAGO AND SUBURBS"
Chicago Tribune Oct 12, 1995 Chicago: Of the 16 occupations in which
immigrants are highly represented, all are working-class except one:
physicians. About half of all groundskeepers and gardeners, hand
packers, and machine operators working in the nine-county area are
immigrants. They also account for more than a third of all maids,
cooks and cabdrivers. "Our economy can't do without this kind of
immigrant labor." Almost 25 percent of those from India and the
Philippines are professional specialists such as doctors, nurses and
lawyers. But only 2 percent of immigrants from Mexico hold such
positions. Almost 90 percent of Indian immigrants speak English well,
and 85 percent are at least high school graduates. Conversely, almost
half of immigrants from Mexico speak little or no English, and more
than 70 percent have no high school diploma. 18% of Mexican, 33%
of Vietnamese live in poverty 33.5% of doctors are immigrants 48.7% of
groundskeepers and gardeners
@@job growth
Immigrants create net new jobs, they don't simply take jobs away.
z54\clip\2002\01\brainim.txt Brain Circulation
http://www.brook.edu/press/REVIEW/winter2002/saxenian.htm Brain
Circulation How High-Skill Immigration Makes Everyone Better Off by
AnnaLee Saxenian Far from simply replacing native workers,
foreign-born engineers are starting new businesses and generating
jobs and wealth at least as fast as their U.S. counterparts. And the
dynamism of emerging regions in Asia and elsewhere now draws skilled
immigrants homeward.
\doc\web\99\08\immread.txt
"Silicon Valley's New Immigrant Entrepreneurs"
by AnnaLee Saxenian, University of California, Berkeley
http://www.ppic.org/#ppic120
ABSTRACT: This study examines the economic contributions of Silicon
Valley's highly skilled immigrants, focusing in particular on the region's
Chinese and Indian computer scientists and engineers, who are generating
jobs and wealth for the California economy. In 1998, firms started by
Chinese and Indians between 1980 and 1998 collectively accounted for nearly
$17 billion in sales and over 58,000 jobs.
IMMIGRATION 40% OF LABOR FORCE GROWTH
MIGRATION NEWS Vol. 4, No. 12 December, 1997 \clip\97\28\mignews.txt
The Jerome Levy Economics Institute in August 1997 released a report
on immigrants in the US labor market which noted that immigration
accounts for 40 percent of labor force growth. The consensus among
economists is that an increase in immigration of 10 percent reduces
overall US wages by one percent and more than one percent in
low-skill labor markets. For example, between 1980 and 1988,
immigration increased the number of high school dropouts in the work
force by roughly 25 percent and the wages of high school dropouts
declined by 10 percent.
@@job verification
\priv\95\15\jobverif.txt - new INS computer system to verify
legal works in California
@@labor, against
"Doing Right by Hong Kong" Economist Sept 30, 1995 p. 18 British Labor
party as been strongly anti-immigrant since the 1960's. Editors
believe that Hong Kong residents should be allowed to move to UK if
China take over doesn't work. Not all will come, since Hong Kong is a
place where things are moving, and many make more than the UK. 3.3
million could potentially come.
\priv\95\15\immbackl.txt Pulling Up the Ladder The Anti-Immigrant
Backlash The late 1800's were difficult for Chinese in the U.S._the
growing trade union movement based part of it's organizing strategy on
advocating deportation of Chinese immigrants. Race riots on the West
coast were the response of angry whites who blamed Chinese for their
woes. (Daniels: 1988)
@@labor force participation
\doc\95\07\closdoor.txt "Don't Close Our 'Golden Door'" John Miller,
Center for Equal Opportunity, Wash DC, Wall Street Journal May 25,
1995. 80% arrive before 45, vs, 68% of general population 77% in labor
force vs. 74% (90 census) 83% for Hispanics
@@labor shortage
\priv\96\03\autoshor.txt - AP 1996 shortage of skilled labor in auto industry
@@language
\priv\96b\07\germtest.txt Germany introduces a language test for
potential immigrants. Immigration.language
\priv\95\09\fiximmp.txt - In counties that have the highest
concentrations of immigrants from one country, 11 percent are fluent
in English. In completely diverse counties, English fluency among
immigrants averages 74 percent. Edward P. Lazear SFC 8/2/95
@@law
\clip\97\13\immlaw.txt Immigration Act Was 'Coming of Age' for
Asian-Americans The Wall Street Journal, May 15, 1997 By DAVID ROGERS
Staff Reporter of The Wall Street Journal WASHINGTON -- Sen. Paul
Simon had just two co-sponsors when he introduced his version of the
"Legal Immigration Reform Act of 1989." Then again, Mr. Simon also
had Maria Hsia and John Huang. Based in California, the two
Chinese-Americans brought money and their own special alliances to
the fight to protect visas for relatives of Asian immigrants in the
U.S.
\doc\95\07\immrecom.txt - 1995 commission recommends less immigration
\priv\95\07\immcurb.txt - Clinton panel recommends cutting legal
immigration by one-third to protect American jobs. NYT 6/8/95
@@liberals
\priv\95\15\immback.txt The ambivalence of liberals over the issue of
immigration has allowed the views of the political right to become the
mainstream.
@@Ling, Yeh Yeh
Chinese who speaks against immigration as an environmental issue, has
quoted Norman Matloff, was invited to speak at KOMO in 1996 on
Bilingual and English only issues.
Prop 187 Struck Down Asian Week 3/26/98 Yeh Yeh Ling, head of the
newly formed Diversity Alliance for Sustainable America, a Berkeley
nonprofit advocating for limits in legal immigration said the ruling
was unfortunate. She is an immigrant from france of Chinese ancestry
Yeh Yeh Ling of the Carrying Capacity network ( Carrying Capacity
Network Orinda, CA 94563 (510-376-4766)) quoted Norm Matloff's
assertion that nearly all essential contributions were made by natives
\priv\95\13\massimmg.txt "Mass Immigration hurts America" Seattle
Times Aug 29, 1995 Chinese YEH LING-LING calls for 5 year moratorim on
immigration, cites Matloff
@@Lottery (Visa)
\doc\web\97\07\visalot2.txt
From: msk@us.net (Mark Krikorian)
Subject: Visa lottery results
[For CISNEWS subscribers: Here's the State Department press release
from last week announcing the number of visas awarded in the
Diversity Lottery. Nearly 100,000 names were selected, but only
55,000 people will get immigration visas under the program -- the
State Department overbooks knowing that many people won't qualify or
will fail to follow up. So that you don't have to fish through the
entire list, I have listed the top 20 recipient countries:
BANGLADESH 6,075
GHANA 6,035
NIGERIA 6,007
BULGARIA 5,411
SIERRA LEONE 5,364
ROMANIA 4,307
UKRAINE 4,280
ALBANIA 4,233
RUSSIA 3,768
EGYPT 3,650
PAKISTAN 3,391
TURKEY 2,947
ETHIOPIA 2,674
GERMANY 2,510
MOROCCO 1,923
SUDAN 1,709
LIBERIA 1,708
LITHUANIA 1,418
KENYA 1,329
CUBA 1,206
\clip\97\20\visalott.txt From: msk@us.net (Mark Krikorian) Visa
Lottery Winners Find Luck Can Be a Fickle Friend The Wall Street
Journal, September 12, 1997 By BARRY NEWMAN Staff Reporter of The
Wall Street Journal
@@Major
High tech degrees have the highest pay, lowest unemployment, and
greatest relative demand.
"Why Parents of College Kids Can Rest Easy: 1997 Grads Faced Jobs
Galore, And So Will Future Grads" Investor's Business Daily June 25,
1997 Top professions embracing new college graduates include
electrical engineering, software manufacturing, financial consulting
and accounting accorind to Coopers & Lybrand.
@@Malaysia
\clip\97\19\malay.txt Subject: Foreign workers in Malaysia Companies
Rely Heavily on Immigrant Workforce The Wall Street Journal, August
28, 1997
@@manufacturing
MR. DO'S AMERICAN DREAM WSJ 7/2/03
Made $62k last yr as cad tool designer in suburb of Hartford Ct, 43
yr old Viet refugee, sends 15 yr old son to private school, trained
with state money after layoff.
Percent immigrants in manufacturing workforce
1970 7
1980 8
1990 12
2000 15
Census, BLS
@@MARRIAGE
\clip\97\08\marrbur.txt Marriage Bureaus Assailed for Strict Policy
on Immigrants The New York Times, March 14, 1997
By RANDY KENNEDY
NEW YORK -- Stricter enforcement of rules for showing valid identification
at the city's marriage bureaus has sown confusion among thousands of illegal
immigrants who are lining up to be married before tougher immigration laws
take effect next month, advocates for immigrants say.
\clip\97\02\mainspou.txt
http://ww3.sinanet.com/news/0130news/13_E.html MORE MAINLAND SPOUSES
TO BE ALLOWED ENTRY
Taipei, Jan. 30 (CNA) Taiwan will allow more people from mainland
China who are married to ROC citizens to settle here, increasing the
number from the current 1,080 annually to 1,800, the Mainland Affairs
Council (MAC) reported Thursday.
\priv\96\02\korbride.txt - Koreans may be marrying brides from the
Phillipines to get housemaids.
@@meatpacker
Meat packing houses are bringing unskilled workers into America's
heartland which used to be exclusively European stock.
KOSHER SLAUGHTERHOUSE BRINGS THE WORLD TO SMALL IOWA TOWN
\clip\99\03\heart.txt
In Insular Iowa Town, a Jolt of Worldliness
A torrent of diversity has been a shock to tiny Postville, which was all
white, all Christian for 150 years. The residents--some, anyway--are
trying hard to adjust. By STEPHANIE SIMON Los Angeles Times, January 26,
1999
\clip\96\04\meatpack.txt TO CALL IT HOME: THE NEW IMMIGRANTS OF
SOUTHWESTERN MINNESOTA Oct. 17-19, 1996, Southwest State University,
Marshall, Minnesota The conference will focus on the new immigrant
populations of this region and their relationship to the meatpacking
industry. It will also introduce a new book: TO CALL IT HOME: THE NEW
IMMIGRANTS OF SOUTHWESTERN MINNESOTA, by Joseph Amato, John Meyer,
John Radzilowski, Donata DeBruyckere, and Anthony Amato (Marshall:
Crossings Press).
\doc\96\06\meatpac2.txt Norm Matloff says Roy Beck has quite a bit to
say about immigration and wage reduction in the meat packing
industry.
@@medicaid
\doc\96\06\medicaid.txt Norm matloff says that SSI and Medicaid are
not linked, Seattle Times says "it is unclear if states will be able
to offer medicaid if SSI is denied" 9/8/96
@@Medical
\clip\99\13\medimm.txt Ailing Foreigners Add to Burdens of Emergency
Rooms Nationwide By RANDY KENNEDY The New York Times, July 1, 1999,
p. 1
"They are known as medical immigrants, poor or middle-class
foreigners who scrape and save to fly to New York, but not to join
family, flee oppression or find work. Instead, they come solely to
seek treatment at city emergency rooms, where Federal and state law
says they must be examined and treated if their problems require
immediate care."
@@Medical Research
INDO-AM SCIENTIST FINDS CANCER CURE
\clip\97\29\puri.txt AP 12/09/1997 FDA Tests New Cancer Drug By
LAURAN NEERGAARD AP Medical Writer BETHESDA, Md. (AP) -- Dr. Raj Puri
injected mice with an experimental ``smart bomb'' for cancer and
watched as huge tumors disappeared from their bodies within a few
weeks.
@@mexican
\clip\97\20\meximm.txt
http://www.seattletimes.com/extra/browse/html97/migr_083197.html
Seattle Times Sunday, Aug. 31, 1997 Migrant estimates overblown,
study finds by Sam Dillon New York Times MEXICO CITY - The first
formal migration study to be sponsored by the U.S. and Mexican
governments has concluded that the number of undocumented Mexican
workers who have settled in the United States in this decade is far
lower than some politicians have suggested, only about 105,000 a
year. [Government sometimes gives more than they get, but migrants,
and their employers and consumers benefit from low wage labor]
MEXICAN IMMIGRATION LIKELY ABOUT 100,000 / YR, GROWS US ECONOMY
U. S. - Mexico Binational Commission
on migration Among its many important efforts is a reduction of
estimates of annual entries of undocumented Mexican workers from
wildly inflated guesses of 1 million to a more likely figure of about
105,000. Moreover, according to the Times's peek at its findings,
the Binational Commission report offers the following conclusions:
1)"[m]igrant workers in the United States, both legal and
undocumented, most of whom in the past have returned to homes in
Mexico at least once a year, are tending to stay longer north of the
border"; 2) mean income of Mexican immigrants dropped between 1990
and 1996; 3) Mexican migrants are no more likely than other poor
Americans to receive welfare; 4) Mexican migrants continue to supply,
in the form of remittances, about half of all direct foreign
investment in Mexico, a flow of money that annually amounts to
something between $2.5 billion to $3.9 billion; and 5) "[t]he U.S.
economy grows through employment and consumption generated by the
migration."
\clip\97\19\nymex.txt [For CISNEWS subscribers: An excerpt from Joel
Millman's new book, run in his newspaper. As inspiring as the story
is, it makes clear that his book is another articulation of the "get
rid of the blacks and bring in the Mexicans" theory of immigration.
-- Mark Krikorian] How Mexicans Helped Save A Blighted Corner in
Brooklyn The Wall Street Journal, July 10, 1997 [This article is
adapted from the book , by Joel Millman, being
published this month by Viking. Copyright 1997 by Joel Millman.]
also see
\doc\97\02\mignews.txt MIGRATION NEWS Vol. 4, No. 2 February, 1997
Most migrant men don't use welfare benefits and don't bring
children
HALF OF MEXICANS ENTER ILLEGALLY, MOST THAT DON'T MAKE IT GO HOME
IN 2 YEARS
c:\clip\97\02\mexstay.txt
http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/chronicle/article.cgi?file=MN57788.DTL&directory=/chronicle/archive/1997/01/29
Wednesday, January 29, 1997 · Page A2 ©1997 San Francisco Chronicle
Most Mexicans Don't Stay in U.S. Study finds that most return home
within a few years
(About half of mexicans entered illegally, most of those who don't
suceed go home within 2 years, those that stay pull their own weight.
70% of unemployed returned in just one year)
Aurelio Rojas, Chronicle Staff Writer Los Angeles
(Public Policy Institute of California)
@@rand
RAND STUDY SAYS ADMIT FEWER IMMIGRANTS, BUT MORE MEXICANS TO STEM
ILLEGALS d:\clip\97\20\rand.txt ap 09/16/1997 08:55 EST Study: Stem
Flow of Immigrants to US By DENNIS ANDERSON Associated Press Writer
LOS ANGELES (AP) -- Congress should tighten the admission of all
legal immigrants into the United States to ease the strain they bring
on public services and employment, a new study suggests. (LA Times
article too)
@@Real Estate
\clip\98\08\immnew01.txt Immigrant Boom to Boost Real Estate Market,
Ernst & Young Says Dow Jones Newswires, May 6, 1998 By JANET
MORRISSEY NEW YORK -- An immigration wave in the U.S. could mean big
business opportunities for real estate developers, builders and
investors, an Ernst & Young Kenneth Leventhal study said.
@@Reciprocity
RECIPROCITY AS IMMIGRATION REDUCTION
TACTIC?? (SACRAMENTO: POPULATION SANITY) \doc\web\97\11\recip.txt
@@referalls
At Sun Microsystems, 60% of jobs are filled by employee referalls.
San Francisco Chronicle analysis of racism in Silicon Valley. June
1998 Migration News (norm matloff claims that immigrant hiring
networks is harmful)
@@retraining
@@mid-career
It is Norman Matloff's odd contention that unemployment is not the
problem, but underemployment since he cite "Cindy" a Chinese American
laid off from the defence industry who couldn't find work in Silicon
Valley. The real problem is a mismatch in skills and the fact that
his claim that any software engineers is appropriate for any job
regardless of credentials is simply made up.
http://www.techweb.com/se/directlink.cgi?EET19960708S0147
\clip\97\07\multimed.txt Electrical Engineering Times July 08, 1996,
Issue: 909 Engineers retrained for multimedia By Robert Bellinger
Comment - if Norman Matloff says any programmer can be productive in
any technology in one month, then why bother with expensive
retraining?
\priv\96b\07\retrain.txt EE Times July 8, 1996 p. 84 "Engineers
retrained for Multimedia" Summary - "Too old, too expensive, too
narrow, too outdated, those are dreaded words for former defence
engineers who get laid off" They participated in multimedia training,
and were able to be hired once their skills had been updated. It's
not that cheaper immigrants were hired in their place, more
appropriate skilled people regardless of immigration status were
simply better qualified. Mr Matloff presented absolutely no evidence
that in fact, it was mostly native born persons who took the jobs
that people like Cindy didn't get because they just weren't qualified.
@@matloff, norm _matloff_
Self-proclaimed expert on immigration specializes in attacking
skilled Chinese engineers, but claims he is not against Chinese or
immigrants. Similar to late 19th century white worker parties which
were against discriminating against blacks, but against Chinese
workers.
@@migration (from other states)
\priv\95\09\migrate.txt - Fortune says most growth is from interstate
migration, not immigration
Migration in the United States
By Richard Wright (Dept. of Geography, Dartmouth College) and Mark Ellis and
Michael Reibel (Dept. of Geography, UCLA)
Economic Geography Vol. 73, No. 2, pp. 234-254.
Abstract: This paper investigates the relationship between the internal
migration of native-born workers and flows of immigrants to the United
States using the 1980 and 1990 Census microsamples. A growing body of
research asserts that places like New York, Los Angeles, and Miami suffer
net losses of native-born workers, particularly the unskilled, because of
immigration. We contend that large metropolitan areas suffer net losses of
internal migrants for reasons other than the flow of immigrants to these
localities. Based on the estimation of three sets of regression models for
five overlapping samples of the largest metropolitan areas in the United
States and five mutually exclusive segments of the labor force, this
analysis shows that the finding of a significant linkage between internal
migration and immigration depends critically on the empirical experiment
used. In direct opposition to previous published research, we conclude that
net migration of the native born for metropolitan areas is either positively
related or unrelated to immigration. Our models show that the net migration
loss of unskilled native workers from metropolitan areas is probably a
function of those cities' population size rather immigrant flow to them. We
conclude that the net migration loss of native-born workers from large
metropolitan areas is more likely the result of industrial restructuring
than competition with immigrants.
@@Millman
More poor people become rich people in America than anywhere else
THE OTHER AMERICANS
How Immigrants Renew Our Country, Our Economy, and Our Values
by Joel Millman
CU7652 (hardcover) 369p. $24.95
Great reporting with hundreds of fascinating and dramatic cases about how
immigrants help Americans prosper--even the poorest among us. Millman
shows how "collapsed inner cities are being reclaimed, as neighborhoods
that have expelled their middle class for decades are suddenly full of
life. Crime declines, and the drug culture begins to wither away.
Failed schools become model institutions. Immigrants don't just renew
themselves. They renew us."
Russell Hanneken Laissez Faire Books
russell@laissezfaire.org http://laissezfaire.org/
@@moratorium
From: DCLOBBYIST@aol.com Get your facts right! FAIR's 5 Year
immigration "moratorium" proposal would still allow about 300,000 per
year during the "moratorium"......that clearly is not stopping ALL
immigration as you stated......300,000 new people, plus the continued
influx of illegals is still a lot of new folks!
@@National Interest
\clip\98\11\natlint.txt The 'National Interest' Causes INS To Wander
Down Peculiar Paths By BARRY NEWMAN The Wall Street Journal, August
20, 1998, page 1 [if you're famous, the INS will let you in] has
granted the right of permanent residence to an acrobat from Russia
who plays a horn while flying through the air. A Chinese nuclear
physicist specializing in detecting radioactive leaks has also been
granted permanent residence in the national interest.
@@National Research Council
Commision on Population
Panel on Demographic and Economic Impacts of Immigration
Link to images of entire book
@@Naturalization Laws
Date sent: Thu, 8 Jul 1999 13:21:45 -0400
From: Kevin.S.Wong@williams.edu
Asians were barred from naturalization up until 1943. At this point
Chinese immigrants were allowed to apply for citizenship. Filipinos and
Indians were granted that right in 1946. Japanese and Koreans in 1952.
The granting of the right to naturalized citizenship to these Asian groups
should be seen in terms of the politics of WWII and the Cold War.
Scott Wong
@@new workers
see
@@new zealand
\priv\96b\01\immdown.txt "Immigration Down Under" Wall Street Journal
4/16/96 About 1/3 of all jobs in New Zealand are a product of the
nation's immigration policy, immigrants from Taiwan pumped $513
million into Auckland. Opponents object to the affluence of mostly
Chinese immigrants, and demands that they be slashed to no more than
10,000 a year, and not be allowed to buy more land than they can live
or work on. Maybe Norm Matloff can help convince people that the
Chinese must be kept out.
@@Open
US OPPOSITION TO IMMIGRANTS NOT UNLIKE CHINA RESTRICTING INTERNAL MOVES
z40\clip\2000\03\chinimm.txt Jacob Sullum's column from Reason.com:
Moving Targets By Jacob Sullum March 15, 2000 In China, you have to
ask the government for permission before you move from one part of
the country to another. That policy faces increasingly vocal
opposition from Chinese journalists and academics--a controversy that
suggests both how far China has traveled on the road toward
liberalism and how far it still has to go.
@@Opinion
Summary:
Pro Pro Anti
------------------------------------------
Keep or increase levels Asian 79%
Hisp 60%
Keep/incr imm engineers 63% 37%
EE Times 1997
Anti Pro Anti
-------------------------------------------
Immigrants are drain vs. good 39% 61%
for economy Money 1997
CA Hisp-Am support immig curb 39% 47%
Rivera Center 1996
1999: MOST AMERICANS FAVOR IMMIGRATION, OPPOSE BARRIES NOW
BusinessWeek Magazine, March 22 Issue Immigrants Welcome In a
stunning reversal, a Gallup Poll released on Mar. 8 found that
Americans, by 58% to 39%, now oppose a cutoff in legal immigration.
The percentage of Americans who favor barriers to new immigration has
plunged from 65% in 1995 to 44%. Reason: The booming economy seems to
have put voters in a more accommodating mood. For the first time,
more Americans than not believe that newcomers ''pay their fair share
of taxes.''
MOST MASS ASIANS, HISPANICS FAVOR KEEPING OR INCREASING IMMIGRATION
"UMass Poll Offers Insights on Asian Americans" UMass Poll of 300
nonwhite residents, 114 Asian residents of Massachusetts spring 1998.
U Massachusetts Boston Institute for Asian American Studies,
Institute News Summer 1998 p. 1 Maintain or increase immigration A79%
H60%
TEXAS 59/30, CALIFORNIA 47/39 HISP-AM WANT IMMIG CURBS
clip\97\20\mexpoll.txt Anti-Immigration Immigrants Hispanics Fret
Over Job Losses From New Entrants Investors Business Daily, September
9, 1997 By David A. Price
63% OF EE'S OK WITH IMMIGRANTS, ONLY 37% WANT TO REDUCE THEM "Most
EEs have no problem with present immigration levels"
http://techweb.cmp.com/eet/salarysurvey/opinion/opinion1.html
\clip\97\20\eetimes\immok.txt [63% of engineers polled are OK, only
37% wanted to reduce immigration] poll of readers of EE Times
61% BELIEVE IMMIGRANTS ARE DRAIN VS. 39 POSITIVE INFLUENCE ON ECONOMY
\clip\97\20\immpoll.txt AP 09/10/1997 American Money Worries Grow By
SETH SUTEL AP Business Writer (Money Magazine survey)
WSJ POLL FINDS AFFLUENT, REPUB R&F FOR, POOR, DEMO AGAINST
IMMIGRATION \clip\97\16\immpoll.txt (tip from CISNEWS) On
Immigration, Party Leaders Aren't Necessarily In Sync With Feelings
of Rank and File The Wall Street Journal, June 27, 1997 ALBERT R.
HUNT Staff Reporter of The Wall Street Journal The immigration
debate, steeped heavily in economic arguments, rages nationally, most
notably in key states such as California. While Republican leaders
have embraced the anti-immigration position, top Democrats generally
have been more supportive of immigrants....
ANTI-IMMIGRATION IS LOSING STEAM FROM 93 PEAK \clip\97\15\immpoll.txt
http://www.seattletimes.com/extra/browse/html97/immi_061697.html The
Seattle Times Company Monday, June 16, 1997 Negative views on
immigration have eased in the U.S., poll says "Two groups, those with
less education and African-Americans, were most likely to say that
present-day immigration is bad for the country." "But the council
also found that immigrants have boosted wages for the overwhelming
majority of Americans, including blacks with a high-school education
or more. [which is true of most blacks]"
"Asian Americans on the Issues" Asian Week Aug 9, 1996 p. 16
F050597-1 Immigration Policies Asian Week survey of 807 Asian
Americans
Yes No No Opinion
Withholding welfare, education and
medical benefits from illegal immigrants 60.2 32.1 7.7
Denying welfare benefits to legal
immigrants for the first 5 years 45.5 46.6 7.9
Stopping almost all legal immigration 34.4 58.9 6.7
for the next 5 years
62% of SURVEYED ENGINEERS DON'T WANT TO RESTRICT IMMIGRATION
\clip\97\07\immsurv.txt http://www.techweb.com/search/search.html
Electrical Engineering Times Mar 11, 1997 September 30, 1996, Issue:
921 Section: 1996 Worldwide Salary And Opinion Survey -- Opinion
@@organizations
FAIR home page
http://www.igc.org/fair/
\priv\95\08\softpac.txt SoftPac Programmers against immigrants
@@origin
d:\doc\94\19\immipop.txt - Immigration and population - 85 percent of
legal immigrants come from Asia and Latin America
- Worldwide, 100 million people live outside their country of birth
\doc\95\13\immrace.txt
"Census shows 7% of state's residents are foreign-born" Aly Colon
Seattle Times Aug 29, 1995 p. B3 paper filed 10-6-95
vs. 8.7 nationally,
CA 24% NY 16% Fla 14.7%
Numbers up 50% since 1980
- less immigrant than national average despite coastal location
- lots of canadians
Washington USA - Mexico 1.3M Russians 243,000 90-94
1 Vietnam 42,000
2 *Canada 32,000
3 *England 27,000
4 Korea 26,000
5 Mexico 20,000
6 *Germany 18,000
7 Philippines 16,000
8 China 11,000
9 El Salvador 10,000
10 *Italy 9,000
Others 159,000
Total Foreign Born 370,000
US Born 4,866,000
Total 5,236,000
In Washington State,
4 out of top 10 are from Europe or Candada
3 are from Asian nations with more education than natives
Only 3 from "undesirable" nations.
@@parents
\doc\95\11\suprparn.txt - panel proposes requiring children
sponsoring parents to buy lifetime health insurance, and require
proof of lifetime responsiblity. Over one quarter of elderly
immigrants are on some kind of welfare, 3 times higher than native
elderly citizens.
@@Patent
IMMIGRANTS RESPONSIBLE FOR ABOUT 1 IN 4 US PATENTS VS. 9% OF POPULATION
\clip\97\19\immpat.txt
http://schoolreport.com/AdTI/policies/immigration/immpat.htm Invented
in the USA: Immigrants, Patents, and Jobs by Philip Peters, Senior
Fellow March 6, 1996 Alexis de Tocqueville Institution
"Using a random selection of 1988 and 1994 patents, we found: Based
on the responses to our survey, about one patent in four (26.4%) is
created by immigrants alone or by immigrants collaborating with
U.S.-born co-inventors.Based on our entire sample (i.e. counting
nonresponses as nonimmigrant inventors), about one patent in five
(19.2%) involves immigrants as sole or co-inventors. That's a
conservative estimate with a 5% margin of error. Immigrants account
for about 8.7% of the U.S. population. Hence, the study shows
immigrants to be more than twice as likely as the general population
to generate patented innovations"
@@PhD
Doctoral programs have the highest percentage of of foreign students,
most of whom plan to immigrate permanently.
%%Against
The Immigration Law of 1990 and its effects
Notices of the AMS Aug 1999 p. 767
http://www.ams.org/notices/199907/199907-toc.html
e:\clipim\99\07\12\commentary.pdf
Only 58% of 487 academic jobs in mathematics went to
US citizens. Tenured and tenure eligible hires in
PHD granting departments 45%. Over half of postdoc
positions in science went to immigrants on
temporary visas.
%%Stay
73% OF FOREIGN PHDS STAYING IN US VS 50% IN 1988, 80% ARE ASIAN IEEE
Spectrum Jan 1999 www.nsf.gov.sbe/srs/nsf/99304/start.htm National
Science Foundation reports in 1988, 1700 PhDs from abroad or about
half intended to stay. By 1996, it was 5600 or 73% of non-U.S.
students. Asians were the highet percentage of doctoral degree
recipients 77.8%, and of those planning to stay 80.8%
63% OF FOREIGN BORN PHDS STAY IN USA
\doc\web\98\10\immnew02.txt
More Foreign-Born S&E Doctoral Recipients Stay, Because the United States
Is "Where the Jobs Are"
The report, Statistical Profiles of Foreign Doctoral Recipients in
Science and Engineering: Plans to Stay in the United States, says 63
percent of foreign-born students who earned S&E doctorates from U.S.
institutions between 1988 and 1996 said they planned to locate here,
compared to 50 percent or less of those previously studied.
Two-thirds of those who planned to stay had firm plans for further
study or employment.
%%Population
MORE THAN HALF OF MATH PHDS FROM OTHER COUNTRIES More than half the
students in U.S. graduate schools who receive doctoral degrees in
math each year are from other countries. Expert says that America's
students, math skills not adding up By Cecilia Ballí San Antonio
Express-News Staff Writer Jan 13, 1999
@@phd surplus
o
There may be a surplus of PhD and pure scientists, but NOT of
programmers and software engineers!
\clip\97\11\hale.txt USA Today 04/11/97 Scientist Hale finds a comet
but can't find a job, he says
"Unemployment rates for all scientists and engineers was 1.5% in
1995, says Catherine Gaddy, executive director, Commission on
Professionals in Science and Technology, Washington, D.C. "
"Landing a Job In The Sciences Takes Some Creativity" Wall Street
Journal F042997-1 p. B1 "The production of science and engineering
doctorates exceeds job opportunities by 22%, according to a 1995
study by Rand Corp and Stanford University researchers" "Scientists
cite declining funding for research, a glut of PhD holders and
reluctance by many scientists to pursue alternatives to a pure
research career"
\priv\95\18\scisurp.txt - There are too many PhDs and not enough
jobs. Americans have stopped coming as foreigners are half of PhDs
@@political influence
\doc\97\02\mignews.txt MIGRATION NEWS Vol. 4, No. 2 February, 1997
What the heck is political influence good for if you can't push the
agenda of your ethnic group?? Blacks ask blatantly for favors all the
time, why not Asians?
According to a January 16, 1997 article in the Boston Globe,
it was at the urging of Democratic National Committee vice
chairman and fund raiser John Huang that President Clinton
reversed his endorsement of the Jordan Commission
recommendations to reduce legal immigration by eliminating
slots for adult siblings of US citizens. In many cases,
immigrants from Asian nations sponsor their adult brothers
and sisters after they become naturalized US citizens.
As late as February 11, 1996, Clinton had repeated his
support for "lowering the level of legal immigration...as
@@poll
[[prop 187 (no benefits for immigrants)
\doc\95\06\vote187.txt 23% Latino 47% Black Asian supported 187
\PRIV\95\04\P187POLL.TXT - PROP 187 Poll by race
1. Last November California voters approved Proposition 187, which denies most
social services, medical benefits and public education to illegal immigrants.
All in all, do you think it was a good thing or a bad thing that Proposition 187
was approved?
All Whites Blacks Latinos Asians
Good 53% 60% 52% 30% 49%
Bad 40% 34% 39% 62% 46%
Don't Know 7% 6% 9% 8% 5%
doc934:usaimmg.xls poll on immigration
@@Poor
NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL HIDES HARM TO POOR?
\clip\98\13\harmpoor.txt Does Immigration Harm the Poor? Steven A.
Camarota, Center for Immigration Studies The Public Interest, Fall
1998, issue no. 133 " Immigrants have a negative fiscal impact for
three reasons: First, they have more children than natives and so
consume more in educational services. Second, immigrant households
are poorer than native households and, therefore, receive more in
state and locally funded income transfers. Third, because immigrant
households have significantly lower incomes than native households,
they pay less in taxes."
@@Population Growth
\clip\99\01\impop.txt Immigrants' Ranks Tripled In 29 Years By
Gabriel Escobar Washington Post Staff Writer The Washington Post,
Saturday, January 9, 1999; Page A01
Foreign Born
The number of immigrants living in the United States has almost tripled
since 1970.
In millions
1930 14.3
1940 11.7
1950 10.4
1960 9.7
1970 9.6
1980 14.1
1990 19.8
1998 26.3
SOURCE: Center for Immigration Studies
A new study of census data shows that the number of immigrants living in
the United States has almost tripled since 1970, rising from 9.6 million
to 26.3 million today and far outpacing the growth of the native-born
population.
IMMIGRANTS WILL BE HALF OF CA'S NEW GROWTH
\CLIP\97\21\MIGNEWS.TXT MIGRATION NEWS Vol. 4, No. 10 October, 1997
http://migration.ucdavis.edu The UCLA forecasting project expects
California's population to increase from 32.6 million in 1997 to 34.3
million in 2000, and 47.4 million in 2020. About half of the
additional 15 million residents over the next 23 years are expected
to be immigrants. California's population grew 48 percent between
1950 and 1960;
IMMIGRANTS 60% OF US POPULATION GROWTH
\CLIP\97\21\MIGNEWS.TXT MIGRATION NEWS Vol. 4, No. 10 October, 1997
A coalition of 37 environmental, population and immigration reduction
organizations in August formed the Alliance for Stabilizing America's
Population (ASAP) and called for sharp reductions in immigration to
100,000 per year, arguing that 60 percent of US population growth is due
to immigration and the children of recent immigrants.
@@Population, Immigrant
%%Europe
European foreign population in some countries
Luxembourg* 33.4 %
Switzerland 18.9
USA 9.6
Austria 9.0
Belgium 9.0
Germany 8.8
France 6.0
Sweden 5.2
Netherlands 5.0
Norway 4.2
Denmark 3.7
* Mostly European Union nationals
from Blending In, Or Wiping Out?: Immigration Tests A European
Society By Eugene Robinson The Washington Post, July 5, 1998, Page A1
%%United States
\clip\98\07\forborn.txt report:
http://www.census.gov/population/www/socdemo/foreign.html U.S.
Foreign-Born Population Grows The Associated Press , April 9, 1998 By
RANDOLPH E. SCHMID Associated Press Writer WASHINGTON (AP) - The 9.6
percent foreign-born in America today is the most since 1930, when
11.6 percent of U.S. residents were natives of another country. The
share peaked at 14.7 percent in 1910 in the wake of the massive
European immigration in the late 19th century.
Arthur: I've seen many reports and studies that indicate that about 7-8% of
the 266-million of us are foreign born. That includes illegals. That might
be where the 20-million comes from. with an estimated 3-5 million illegals,
that would leave 15-17-million legal immigrants and naturalized citizens.
Raoul Lowery Contreras
msk@us.net (Mark Krikorian)
> According to the Current Population Survey, there should be more than 25
> million foreign-born people in the United States, not including the
> undercount of illegal aliens. When that's taken into account, the total is
> probably more like 26 million. The new INS estimates for the illegal
> population (which hasn't yet been released) is about 5 million, which is
> higher than the 1992 INS estimate would have predicted. Thus, that would
> leave about 21 million people here legally. -- Mark
@@Population Growth
Immigration creates from half to two-thirds of population growth in
the US by most estimates, the population increased by about 1 percent
per year between 1980-90
If immigration continues at its present level, the U.S. population
will grow to 387 million people by 2050 -- 124 million more than
today, the panel said. 26 percent of Americans will be of Hispanic
ancestry, growing from 27 million to 85 million by the year 2050.
About 8 percent will be of Asian heritage, increasing from 9 million
to 34 million. Immigration would account for about two-thirds of this
growth. Source: The New Americans: Economic, Demographic, and Fiscal
Effects of Immigration, National Academy Press
Immigrants create over half of population growth in the US The
population increased by 9.8% between 1980 and 1990, or about 1% per
year
\doc\95\14\immwelf1.txt "Majority of APAs New Arrivals, Census Says"
Asian Week Sept 1, 1995 p. 9
Pct Foreign born 1900-1994
13.6 1900 **************
14.7 1910 ***************
13.2 1920 *************
11.6 1930 ************
8.8 1940 *********<--- greatest since 1940
6.9 1950 *******
5.4 1960 *****
6.2 1980 ******
7.9 1990 ********
8.7 1994 *********
\priv\95\17\popimm.txt - International Immmigration and population
growth paper
\priv\95\15\popgrow.txt - Immigrants create more than half
of population growth, even just births.
@@Population Increase (Good)
Contrary to the environmentalist population arguments, immigrants
save cities like New York City by replacing residents who leave with
harder working residents who work harder and complain less..
NEW IMMIGRANTS KEEP NEW YORK CITY VIBRANT INSTEAD OF DECLINING
\clip\97\14\immny.txt tip from: msk@us.net (Mark Krikorian) Subject:
Immigration to New York New Mix Enlivens N.Y. Melting Pot Immigrants
Are Vital Tonic After Decades of Population Drain The Washington
Post, Monday, May 26 1997 "New York demographers credit immigrants
with heading off a potentially "catastrophic" population
drain....Now, about a third of New Yorkers are foreign-born, with
another 20 percent the offspring of new immigrants...by contrast, the
District of Columbia despite sharp increases in its foreign-born
population, has been unable to offset the even greater number of
residents who have moved out"
New Yorkers born outside the U.S.
1970: 18%
1990: 28%
1995: 33%
By Blaine Harden and Jay Mathews
Washington Post Staff Writers
@@Poverty
Immigrants overall have a higher poverty rate than average, that of
immigrants since 1990 (in 1996) rival that of American blacks and
Hispanic minorities. However, those arriving during the 70's have
about equal, those before, better poverty rates than natives.
US POVERTY RATE, 1996
Native-Born 12.9%
Foreign-born (total) 22.2%
Foreign-born arriving after '90 33.3%
Foreign-born arriving 70's
Foreign-born arriving before 70s 10.0%
1/21001
z47\clip\2001\cisrept.txt http://www.cis.org Immigrants in the United
States -- 2000 First look at America's foreign-born population in the
new century finds record numbers and growth
* More than half of post-1970 immigrants and their young children
live in or near poverty, compared to 28 percent of natives and their
young children.
FOREIGN BORN CITIZENS BETTER OFF THAN NATIVE BORN
\clip\98\07\forborn.txt report:
http://www.census.gov/population/www/socdemo/foreign.html U.S.
Foreign-Born Population Grows The Associated Press , April 9, 1998 By
RANDOLPH E. SCHMID Associated Press Writer WASHINGTON (AP)
* Unemployment
8.4 percent for foreign-born noncitizens
5.4 percent of the native-born.
4.3 percent for foreign-born U.S. citizens
* The poverty rate
26.8 percent for foreign-born noncitizens
12.9 percent for the native-born.
10.4 percent for foreign-born citizens
http://www.census.gov/Press-Release/cb97-55.html 4/8/97 Economic
Challenges Wane With Time Among The Nation's Foreign-Born Population
""For example, foreign-born people who came here during the 1970s had
median personal incomes in 1995 no different than natives, about
$17,000. Also, foreign-born people who arrived before 1970 were less
likely than natives to be in poverty in 1995--10 percent compared
with 13 percent." "6.3 percent of the foreign-born who entered after
1979 received some form of cash public assistance in 1995, the rates
of the foreign born who have been here more than 15 years is no
different from those of natives"
Full report
5.Selected Characteristics of the Foreign-born Population by
">Citizenship and Selected Countries of Birth: 1996
(Countries: Mexico, Canada, El Salvador, Other Central America, Cuba, Dominican Republic,
Jamaica, Other Caribbean, South America, Germany, Great Britain, Other Europe, China, India,
Korea, Philippines, Vietnam, Other Asia)
\CLIP\97\13\founder.txt Foundering In a Wave of Immigrants U.S.
Prosperity Eludes Millions of Newcomers The Washington Post,
Saturday, May 10 1997 By William Branigin and Pamela Constable
Washington Post Staff Writers
@@priest
\priv\95\15\immprist.txt - Catholics are bringing priests
from overseas to meet demand.
@@prop 187 (california)
>>\priv\95\18\187not.txt Business Week: December 4, 1995
Department: In Business This Week AN IMMIGRATION LAW ISN'T SO LEGAL
\priv\95\16\p187impc.txt - impact has raised questions of schooling
children of illegals, reducing legal immigration.
@@Public Charge
INS note on what qualifies as public
charge
* An alien will not be considered a "public charge" for
using:
- HEALTH CARE BENEFITS, including programs such as
Medicaid, the Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP), prenatal care,
or other free or low-cost medical care at clinics, health centers, or
other settings (other than long-term care in a nursing home or similar
institution)
- FOOD PROGRAMS, such as Food Stamps, WIC (the
Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and
Children), school meals, or other food assistance
- OTHER PROGRAMS THAT DO NOT GIVE CASH, such as
public housing, child care, energy assistance, disaster relief, Head
Start, or job training or counseling
* INS may consider an alien's use of the following in
deciding whether to issue a "green card:"
- CASH WELFARE, such as Supplemental Security
Income (SSI), cash Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF), and
state General Assistance
- INSTITUTIONALIZATION for long-term care, such as
residing in a nursing home or mental health facility at government
expense
@@race
\doc\95\13\immrace.txt
"Census shows 7% of state's residents are foreign-born" Aly Colon
Seattle Times Aug 29, 1995 p. B3 paper filed 10-6-95
US WA
20.5 48.5 NonHispanic White
66% 55% Whites were largest racial group
20% 42% Asian
7% .8% Black
7% 2.2 Other
45.5 6.5 Hispanic
65.5 48.5 Asian or Hispanic
@@recruit
\doc\95\15\amheart.txt "America's Heartland Turns To Hot Location For
The Melting Pot: Immigrants Seeking Work Are Key to Revitalizing A
Small Minnesota Town; With Influx Comes Prejudice" Wall Street
Journal 10-31-95 p. 1. Immigrants recruited to man pork processing
plant changes town.
@@reduction
\doc\95\14\smitlet.txt - Smith letter explains why his bill is
friendly to families and businesses.
@@refugee
\priv\95\07\lastwave.txt - Last wave of 900,000 boat people may be
let in under proposed new law
@@religion
MISSIONARIES DID NOT SUPPORT EXCLUSION ON NON CHRISTIANS -
WHO ARE THEY SUPPOSED TO CONVERT?
d:\doc\96\08\relgexcl.txt
Date sent: Sat, 14 Dec 1996 00:16:42 -0600
Send reply to: H-NET List on Ethnic History
From: "H-Net Exec Director: Richard Jensen"
Subject: missionaries opposed restrictions on immigration to US [x H-AmRel]
To: Multiple recipients of list H-ETHNIC
From: jay case
I would like to add a note supporting Tim Tseng's comment that in
considering the relationship between religion and immigration policy, one
must account for missionaries and missionary advocates who opposed
exclusionary immigration legislation - including evangelical missionaries
who opposed Asian "idolatry" on theological grounds. In my current work
on a dissertation that involves Baptist and Methodist missionary ideology
in the 19th century I have not found any support for exclusionary
immigration legislation and a good deal of opposition to it. This makes
sense if one considers that a fundamental goal of missionary work involved
contact with those who were not Christians. As a result, one comes across
opposition to Chinese exclusion laws from seemingly strange places, like
the 1886 issues of the _Western Recorder_, a southern Baptist newspaper
from Louisville, Kentucky which strongly supported the missionary
movement.
I don't know of works that have specifically addressed the relationship
between missionaries and immigrantion policy, but several books on
immigrant groups have made side comments noting that missionaries opposed
restrictive legislation. In Mexican Emigration to the United States,
1897-1931, Lawrence Cardoso demonstrates that Mexicans were not included
among the ethnic groups who were restricted in the immigration laws passed
in the early 1920s. Part of this stemmed from businessmen in the
southwest who needed cheap Mexican labor, but part of it also came also
from pressure from missionaries. Although this is not an instance of
Asian exclusion, my impression is that it is consistent with missionary
views of other immigrant groups.
Jay Case
University of Notre Dame
@@reduction
@@restriction
\priv\95\14\lsmith.txt - Smith defends the bill, it's not
xenophobic, and in national interest
\doc\95\13\housepnl.txt Smith says they live on social security, not
matched to high tech skills
\doc\95\12\easecut.txt -Smith says reducing legal immigration will
preserve jobs.
\priv\95\04\immirest.txt - laws to restrict immigration
@@remittances (from immigrants)
\doc\web\97\03\remit.txt IMMIGRANT REMITTANCES EXCEED U.S. FOREIGN
AID TO LATIN AMERICA U.S. Companies Profit From $4 Billion Business
March 3, 1997, Claremont, Calif. A new study on the bi-national
impact of Latino remittances to home countries has found that the
percentage of an immigrant family's income that is sent to its home
country annually has increased dramatically in the last decade. For
more information about the report, call (909) 621-8897 or e-mail TRPI
at trc@cgs.edu
@@removals
\clip\97\04\removal.txt From CISNEWS: Here is the AP story on the new
statistics on removals (deportations, etc.), followed by the original
INS press release. The most interesting part is that the INS is now
tracking the number of people who are apprehended at worksite raids
inside the country (i.e., not at the border) and agree to voluntary
departure (and thus are not formally deported).
\doc\96\03\insremov.txt - China accounts for less than 1% of removals
compared to Canada, 124 vs. 177, and only 15 criminal vs. 123
Canadians
Removals
Top Nationalities in FY 1996
(Oct. 1995 - Feb. 1996)
Country; Deport's; Exclus.;Total Removals; % of Total; Criminal; Non-Crim.
------- ------- ------ ------ ------- -------- --------
Mexico 13,510 5,707 19,217 76 10,231 8,986
Honduras 910 13 923 4 188 735
El Salvador 801 25 826 3 362 464
Guatemala 663 38 701 3 169 532
Dom. Republic 576 75 651 3 486 165
Colombia 381 77 458 2 395 63
Jamaica 324 73 397 2 354 43
Canada 77 100 177 1 123 54
Nicaragua 142 6 148 1 53 95
China (mainld) 9 115 124 0 15 109
Nigeria 83 36 119 0 98 21
Haiti 79 31 110 0 83 27
United Kingdom 91 10 101 0 64 37
Ecuador 47 31 78 0 36 42
Peru 56 16 72 0 41 31
Ghana 16 43 59 0 22 37
Pakistan 18 40 58 0 14 44
Trinidad and
Tobago 50 6 56 0 51 5
Belize 39 7 46 0 33 13
Philippines 38 7 45 0 23 22
Other 662 288 950 4 462 488
--------------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL 18,572 6,744 25,316 100 13,303 12,013
Source: Office of Policy and Planning, U.S. Immigration and
Naturalization Service
@@republican - Republicans generally welcome immigrants
\priv\95\16\gopsplit.txt - GOP split on Smith immigration
bill
\priv\95\15\goptent.txt - full text
\priv\95\15\immrep.txt - s (Oct. 30, 1995) New York Times ran a story
on p. 11 about a N.Y. Times/CBS News poll with an immigration policy
question (or questions). Of people who said they will vote in the
upcoming Republican primaries, 55 percent said <>, whereas 43 percent said <>.
@@rural
\priv\96\13\NATNDIVI.HTM One Nation, Divisible Feb 1993 American Demographics "As a
rule, the foreign-born stay away from rural areas. In fact, there are
more than 50 counties in southern Virginia and Pennsylvania where
fewer than 1 in 100 residents were born outside the U.S.
First-generation immigrants who do leave cities are usually
naturalized: in 9 rural and suburban Pennsylvania counties, for
example, more than three-quarters of the foreign-born are citizens"
@@sales
Wall Street Journal Feb 14, 1997. Commerce Department reports that
retail sales have increased from $180 billion in 1994 to $210 billion
in 1997, seasonally adjusted. That's an increase of $10 billion
dollars per year, or 5% per year. If we take the Center for
Immigration studies estimate of net immigration of 800,000, that's
equal to an increase in retail sales of $12,500 for each immigrant,
and the 5% increase in retail sales exceeds the 3.2% increase in
population due to immigration. That's not counting rent, health
insurance, or taxes, or anything else that doesn't count as retail
sales.
@@scientist
UNEMPLOYMENT OF 14% FOR MATH PHDS
\clip\97\08\phdjob.txt Job market does number on PhDs in math,
science The Boston Globe, March 17, 1997 "in science and math, the
job shortage is exacerbated by the steady stream of foreign-born
scientists entering the United States. US law allows in a virtually
endless stream of foreign-born scientists and academics under what is
known as the Einstein exemption. "
"through much of this decade, mathematicians have experienced
unemployment of more than 14 percent - more than twice the rate of
the overall economy."
MINORITIES OVER-REPRESENTED AMONG CANADA SCIENCE/ENG MANAGERS DUE
TO ASIAN IMMIGRANTS
http://www.theglobeandmail.com/docs/archive/19970106/MiddleKingdom/XMKAMA.html
\clip\97\02\candiv.txt MIDDLE KINGDOM Toronto Globe and Mail HOW AND
WHY THINGS HAPPEN AMAZING FACTS Bosses who aren't what you'd expect
Monday, January 6, 1997 By Bruce Little
Visible Minorities in Management in Canada
14% low-paid services managers
12% science and engineering (Asians?) $57,600 earnings
9% non-manager jobs
8% overall managers
1% post office
Comment - Canada relies on immigrants even more than the US for its
technical edge. It doesn't say so in the article, but Asians are the
only "visible" minority that is over-represented in the natural
science and engineering in the US, and therefore, also likely so in
Canada. They would truly suffer if they cut off immigration of
Chinese and Indian engineers.
\clip\96\03\rocksci.txt german rocket scientist Wilhelm Angele
RICHMOND, Va. (AP) -- Wilhelm Angele, a German-trained engineer and
scientist who helped develop the American space program, died
Thursday at age 91.
\priv\96\20\aesfound.txt Sat, 8 Jun 1996
20:56:50 -0400 AKRON BEACON JOURNAL, OHIO, DIANE EVANS COLUMNWorld
renowned chemist was born in Egypt.
@@shortage of labor
The growth of American industry is limited by the number of skilled
workers it can create, not by a fixed market size, especially in
fields like high tech were markets are limited only by exports. The
question is not who will create jobs for immigrants, but how many
immigrants can be brought in to jobs that could be created if only
bodies could be found to fill them. Two studies show not only a
national, but worldwide shortage so even outsourcing to India won't
completely solve the problem. Norman Matloff says that the jobs would
be filled even if there were no immigrants, but when jobs increase by
50% in 5 years, and 30% of the workforce in key companies are
immigrants, it is mostly likely a false assumption that you can grow
a workforce faster than native population growth just as fast without
immigrants.
\clip\97\24\short.txt MORE THAN A MILLION new computer scientists &
engineers, systems analysts, and computer programmers will be needed
in the U.S. between 1994 & 2005, according to a recent report from
the Office of Technology Policy of the U.S. Department of Commerce.
"America's New Deficit: The Shortage of Information Technology
Workers" looks at... The full report is available in PDF only at:
http://www.ta.doc.gov/otpolicy/reports.htm
http://www.ta.doc.gov/reports/itsw/itsw.pdf
Says software has the highest pay, and largest US dominance.
IMMIGRATION CRUCIAL TO ECONOMIC GROWTH "Postive Sum Game" Wall Street
Journal April 21, 1997 A18 editorial. F042197 March unemployment is
down to 5.2%, causing Fed panic that unemployment is too low, but
perhaps 5% is more reasonable instead of the old assumption that 6%
was rock bottom for full-employment, even though 1.3 million new
workers entered the workforce, employment expanded by 2.9 million in
the past 12 months, the fastest since Reagan. Discouraged workers
dropped to 356,000 from 451,000 (unemployed and not looking, they
don't count Cindy's who are employed, but not looking for software
jobs). Labor force participation is at an all-time high. 2/3 of Dutch
and Belgians quit working by 55. "Falling birth rates threaten to
devastate growth in the next century". Higher birth rates than
projections will restore predictions of growth. "And a drop in births
can be compensated by immigration. Historially, immigratn labor has
fueled the American economy; despite the worst efforts of noisy
nativists in California [like prof. Norman Matloff] and elsewhere, it
almost certainly will continue to do so"
TWO STUDIES POINTS IMMIGRANTS TO HELP SHORTAGE OF SOFTWARE ENGINEERS
http://www.techweb.com/se/directlink.cgi?EET19970407S0181
\clip\97\10\itshort.txt EE Times April 07, 1997 Industry association
tallies 190k unfilled IT slots; software jobs go begging -- Surveys
see shortages of software, IT people By Robert Bellinger The shortage
of software programmers and information-technology people is acute
and growing more so, two recent studies have found. They point to a
series of developments of interestto computer scientists, computer
engineers and EEs. The studies, by the Information Technology
Association of America (ITAA) and the Stanford Computer Industry
Project, each looked to immigration as a potential solution to the
shortages.
------------------------------------------------------
JOB BOOM FINDS HARD TO FIND ENTRY LEVEL PEOPLE
\clip\97\08\jobboom.txt
http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/chronicle/article.cgi?file=MN23843.DTL&directory=/chronicle/archive/1997/03/24
Monday, March 24, 1997 · Page A17 © 1997 San Francisco Chronicle Down
Side Of Peninsula Job Boom Tough to find people to work at entry
level Mark Simon The Peninsula remains the state's employment
juggernaut, according to the latest job figures, and that's creating
problems for employers who see entry-level work go wanting.
-------------------------------------------------------
\clip\97\08\eebach.htm \clip\97\08\eebach.gif Chart: "EE bachelor's
degrees have declined steadily since 1987"
* = 5,000
1980 14,000 ***
1987 25,000 *****
1994 16,000 ***
Source: US Department of Education Statistics
Electronic Engineering Times March 10, 1997 p. 137
Higher pay for fewer grads
BETHLEHEM, PA. BSEE graduate salaries are rising at a rapid clip.
Last September, the National Association of Colleges and Employers
reported that the average starting salaries for BSEEs was $38,025.
Now, NACE is pegging EE offers at $39,224, up 3 per cent in only six
months. Demand is up, supply is down
-----------------------------------------------------------------
AMERICA SUFFERING FROM GLUT OF PROGRAMMERS? OR SHORTAGE?
local: c:\clip\97\07\nerds\nerds.txt Business Week 3/10/97
web: http://www.businessweek.com/1997/10/b351757.htm HELP WANTED: CALLING
ALL NERDS
Norman Matloff scoffed reports that computer science degrees are down
" Undergraduate degrees earned in computer science dipped 43% from
1986 to 1994. That's partly because of a glut of programmers in the
mid-1980s and partly due to American students' well-documented
aversion to math."
"Information Technology Association of America (ITAA) estimates that
190,000 info-tech jobs stand vacant in U.S. companies--half in the
information industry"
------------------------------------------
CS UNEMPLOYMENT AT 0.8% "FULL EMPLOYMENT", HIRING UP 17% IN 1996
Comment - and Norm Matloff continues to use a labor "surplus" to
attack Chinese immigrants? If 0.8% unemployment and 17% growth isn't
a labor shortage, what is?
\doc\web\97\02\enghire.txt (c)image \clip\97\03\enghire.gif "Engineer
hires topping out?" Electrical Engineering Times Jan 27, 1997 p. 87
Bob Bellinger
-------------------------------------------------
AUSTRALIA "DEPENDENT" ON IMMIGRANT ENGINEERS
\clip\96\12\engshort.txt Australia reports a shortage of engineers,
recommends training more natives to reduce "dependence" on immigrants.
-------------------------------------------------
CS SALARIES RISE 5-6%, ONLY 1/2 AS MANY CS GRADS AS 1986
\clip\96\10\csgrad.txt "Demand for CS Grads Soars" Electrical
Engineering Times Dec 2, 1996 p. 102. Starting CS salaries have
increased 5-6% over the past 3 years, outpacing inflation, and
college are producing only slightly more than half as many CS grads
as the peak 10 years ago. Contrary to claims by Norman Matloff that
MS degrees have no value, EE Times surveys shows masters paid
$4400-$4700 (7%) more per year
\clip\96\02\fullem.txt
\PRIV\96B\08\FULLEMP.TXT Electrical Engineering Times July 19, 1996
EE's at full employment BY ROBERT BELLINGER Union, N.H.-The
electronics engineering segment was essentially at full employment"
last quarter, with an unemployment rate of 1 percent, according to
"Engineering Manpower Newsletter."
file:C:\priv\96B\07\NEWHIRE.HTM You're Fired, Er Hired Time Magazine
7/8/96 With companies downsizing their payrolls by 3 million jobs
since 1990, a labor shortage would seem to be corporate America's
most unlikely problem. Yet, from engineer slots at Raytheon to
bankteller positions in Chicago, thousands of jobs are going begging.
U.S. employers are having so much trouble filling openings that they
are offering big bonuses, lowering standards and even stealing
workers from competitors to get more help.
\priv\96b\05\labshort.txt Small business survey says 25% can't
grow because they can't find qualified people.
\priv\96\01\workfill.txt SJM 1/10/96 Chip boom killing supply
Semiconductor industry scrambles to find enough workers to fill
demand
@@Sierra Club
Environmentalist organization considering reducing immigration
Sierra Club rejects bid to
oppose immigration.
conducted a reader poll on the Sierra Club's
membership vote Poll for week of March 10, 1998: The Sierra Club is
now voting on whether to adopt a formal policy advocating a
"reduction in net immigration" to the U.S. in order to reduce
population growth to protect the environment. Do you agree with the
proposed policy?
The results:
56% Yes
44% No
http://www.motherjones.com/poll/results.html
@@simpson bill
\priv\96\04\simp2.txt - employment based provisions will be
dropped.
@@skill mismatch
>>d:\priv\96\01\econtren.doc Business Week Oct 9, 1995 p. 30 Economic
Trends BY GENE KORETZ. 19.7 million increase in jobs between 1983 and
1993. 29% of jobs were in top 25% of pay, but so did the bottom 25%.
Some post-secondary school skills were required for 45% of new jobs
created since 1983, but only 33% of new jobs filled. (Note that this
means in contrast to charges of labor mismatch, immigrants tend to be
either very highly educated, or very unskilled)
@@Skills Preference
[of 1.2 million newcomers] "Fewer than 5 percent were admitted
because of their job skills, which made them eligible for visas
sponsored by U.S. employers to meet particular demands."
\CLIP\97\13\founder.txt Foundering In a Wave of Immigrants U.S.
Prosperity Eludes Millions of Newcomers The Washington Post,
Saturday, May 10 1997 By William Branigin and Pamela Constable
Washington Post Staff Writers
@@smuggling
\clip\97\09\immsmug.txt 4/14/97 Copyright U.S.
News & World Report, Inc. All rights reserved. Why smuggling aliens
into America is a boom business BY GORDON WITKIN
\priv\95\20\aliesmug.txt -AP 26 Dec 95 16:14 EST V0307 Arrests
Expected In Alien Ring Canales' ring smuggled at least 10,000 people
a year, many of them Chinese and Indians, into the United States
through Central America, according to reports.
@@softpac
Softpac Home Page
\priv\96\02\softpac.txt Joint statement on protecting domestic
engineers.
\priv\95\18\softpac.txt VOA on Softpac
\priv\95\14\impol.txt David Chiang says that IBM has laid off lots of
people, but jobs were lost to internal competition, not immigrants,
and immigrants keep US industry strong. Response is that he quit
to start softpac, and knows indian immigrants who lost jobs to h-1B
workers.
@@Somali
\clip\97\29\somfight.txt Cultures clash within Crawford's melting pot
Somalian students find few friends on campus San Diego Union-Tribune,
Sunday, November 30, 1997 Jeanne F. Brooks STAFF WRITER
@@Sowell, Thomas
This neoconservative is against affirmative action, but wishy washy
on immigration.
Immigration Forbes June 2
Don't bend the laws for immigration, let them assimilate.
@@sponsor
\clip\97\16\sponsor.txt U.S. Tightening Rules to Sponsor Immigrants
Los Angeles Times, June 30, 1997 "Federal officials are nearing
completion of controversial new rules that will greatly restrict the
ability of many low-income legal immigrants residing in Southern
California and elsewhere to bring in spouses, children, parents and
other loved ones from their homelands. In addition, the new regimen
departs radically from longtime practice by requiring that U.S.
sponsors assume full legal and financial responsibility for their
family members who immigrate into the United States."
\priv\96b\05\sponsr.txt Los Angeles Times, June 25, 1996 Congress:
Some say proposals would keep families divided. Public health care
might also be denied. Sponsor complain that they can't afford
proposed minimum income, or private health insurance if medicaid is
denied to immigrants.
@@State
In western states, most population growth is from other states,
then natural, immigration is last
Seattle Times Aug 14, 2000 Goal is to stop growth
1990 1999 pct oncrease Int mig Nat Interstate
Ore 2842337 3,316,154 16.79 16% 41% 43%
Wash 4,866,669 5,756,361 18.3 14% 29% 57%
@@statistics
- see illegal and IRCA also
Below please find the link to a new report titled, "HISTORICAL CENSUS
STATISTICS ON THE FOREIGN-BORN POPULATION OF THE UNITED STATES: 1850 TO
1990."
http://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0029/twps0029.html
\clip\97\10\caimm.txt
http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/chronicle/article.cgi?file=MN16524.DTL&directory=/chronicle/archive/1997/04/09&arrows=yes
San Francisco Chronicle Wednesday, April 9, 1997 · Page A14 Immigrant
Numbers Highest in California 25% in state are foreign-born, report
says
Foreign-born in the U.S.
Percent of U.S. population who were immigrants, from 1900 to 1996
1910 14.7%
1970 4.8%
1996 9.3%
Where the foreign-born come from
Region of birth of the immigrants in 1996
Mexico 27.2%
Asia 26.7%
Europe 16.9%
Caribbean 10.5%
Central
America 7%
South
America 4.9%
Canada 2.7%
Elsewhere 2.6%
Other 1.6%
From (CIS) Immigration Review, No. 27, Fall/Winter, 1996-97
\clip\97\05\immfig.txt
Legal Immigration: FY 1995 and Preliminary FY 1996
Fiscal Years: FY 1995; Prelim. FY 1996
Family-Based: 460,376; 595,000
Immediate Relative: 222,254; 302,000
Family Preference: 238,122; 293,000
Employment-Based: 85,336; 118,000
Diversity: 47,245; 58,000
Humanitarian and Other 123,237; 140,000
Total Legal Immigration* 716,194; 911,000
* Totals do not include amnestied aliens.
SOURCE: INS
http://www.wisc.edu/history/404tja/t2ins.html
Immigration by Region and Selected Country of Last Residence: Fiscal
Years, 1820-1994
from INS yearbook, excel5 files
\doc\96\04\imm94.txt Detailed breakdown of 1994 immigration
by category of admission.
\doc\96\04\imm6191.wk1 From US Statistical Abstract, No. 8.
Immigrants, by Country of Birth: 1961 to 1991
How much immigration was there in 1995?
According to the Center for Immigration Studies, Wash DC
Annual legal immigration 1995 720,000
Projected legal 1996 1 million
Net annual leg+ill immigration: 1 million
Net annual increase in foreign born,
including students and temporary: over 1 million
Annual Increase in illegal population 300,000
Annual illegal inflow over 400,000
est outflow of US residents 200,000
Immigration - emigration 1995 800,000
Analysis by Arthur Hu - percent of population increase
Cause Number %total %increase
Immigration - emigration 1995 800,000 29% 3.2%
Net births - deaths 1991 1,946,000 71% 7.7%
Total population increase 2,746,000 100% 10.9%
--------------------------------------------------------------
Source: INS, cited by San Jose Mercury News May 30, 1993
Who qualified for entry in 1991?
25% Family sponsoered
61% Amnesty
6% Refugees
3% Work related
1% Asylees
3% Other
8 times as many immigrants come as family sponsored rather than work
related, most likely the largest source of new engineers.
\priv\95\11\migrnews.txt - 8% of pop, est 17% of immigrants are
illegal, 31% are naturalized.
\priv\95\11\immclass.txt - Census report says immigrants are 8.7% of
the population, highest since WWII, pre-1970 immigrants have lower
rates of poverty and welfare, new immigrants are higher.
\doc\95\10\imm95.txt Center for Immigration Studies
estimates 1.1 million immigrants 1994
300,000 net illegal immigration
800,000 legal immigration
1.1 million apprehensions
5.4 million total illegal immigrants (about 20%)
9% of population is foreign born
8% in 1990
5% in 1970 and 1960
\priv\95\07\secthou.txt
Richard Kirschten, "Second Thoughts"
*National Journal* 1/21/95 pp 150-55.
- Experts say about 4 million illegal aliens, 1.5% of population
- 1.1 million immigrants estimated, 700,000 legal, 110,000
refugees, 300,000 illegally
- Less than 10 percent of population is foreign born, about
one-third are naturalized citizens.
\doc\95\06\ins92.doc, ins92.xls - Immigration figures
by year and country based on the official yearbook
\priv\95\08\leglimm.txt - 1994 Immigration
\doc\96\01\ins80s.wk1
1992 INS Yearbook p. 25
US Immigration 1981-90
Immigration to the US
1971-80 4,498,314
or 449,831 per year
1981-90 7,338,062
1981 596,600
1982 594,131
1983 559,763
1984 543,903
1985 570,009
1986 601,708
1987 601,516
1988 643,025
1989 1,090,924
1990 1,536,483
1991 1,827,167
1992 973,977
1983-92 8,948,475
compared to 19.7 million more jobs from 1983-1993
Business Week Oct 9, 1995 p. 30
1973-1995 14.4 million vs. 35 million net new jobs
Economist 3/9/96, Lester Thurow
@@stay
\clip\96\08\studretn.txt AP - chinese student return because
government does not allow spouse or family to leave china.
d:\priv\95\19\forstay.txt - Less than half of foreign students who
earned PhD's in the 80s were working in the US, 41-42% of those on
temporary visas and 48-49 of who graduated as permanent residents.
@@Suicide
HMONG WOMAN COMMITS SUICIDE AFTER LOSING FOOD STAMPS
Asian Week Feb 19, 1998 p. 7 Reform hits hard -- Chia Yay Hmong woman
commits suicide when the USDA cut off her food stamps. There are
also suicides reported in Fresno, Wisconsin, where 35-45% remain on
federal assistance.
ANOTHER ONE FOR MATLOFF'S CONSCIENCE.
"Suicide Shows Why Welfare Fight Persists: Immigrant's Death Raises
Questions Over Cuts in Aid" Wall Street Journal April 22, 1997 p. A2
F042397. A Mexican born laborer who was living on $236 in Social
Security and $400 of SSI committed suicide after receiving a warning
that the government would cut off his SSI payments. He was not a
sponsored immigrant, nor a refugee, and had not applied for
citizenship.
@@surplus of labor
Don't believe all you read about shortages Robert Bruce
\clip\97\13\short.txt
http://www.techweb.com/se/directlink.cgi?EET19970512S0053 May 12,
1997, Issue: 953 Section: OP-ED. There's no shortage if companies
could be forced to hire mid-career people with military backgrounds?
MICROSOFT GETS 120,000 APPLICATIONS A YEAR, BUT NOT EVIDENCE OF A
LABOR "SURPLUS" \DOC\WEB\97\02\intelgath.txt "Intelligence Gathering"
Contract Professional Jan 1997 p. 45: review of "The Microsoft Way:
The Real Story of How the Company Outsmarts Its Competition" By
Randall E. Stross Addison Wesley, $25 Only a tiny fraction of
120,000 applicants who approach the company each year are hired.
(Norman Matloff presents this as his only numerical "evidence" of a
labor surplus - it only proves that lots of people want to work at
Microsoft, not that lots of people are out ot work)
@@Survey
z47\clip\2001\cisrept.txt http://www.cis.org Immigrants in the United
States -- 2000 First look at America's foreign-born population in the
new century finds record numbers and growth
WASHINGTON (January 3, 2001) -- A new report by the Center for Immigration
Studies finds that 28.4 million immigrants now live in the United States,
the largest number ever recorded in the nation's history, and a 43 percent
increase since 1990. The report finds that as a share of the nation's total
population, immigrants now account for more than 1 in 10 residents (10.4
percent), the highest percentage in 70 years.
As a percentage of the U.S. population, immigrants have more than
doubled, from 4.7 percent in 1970 to 10.4 percent in 2000. The 11.2
million immigrants who indicated they arrived between 1990 and 2000
plus the 6.4 million children born to immigrants in the United States
during the 1990s are equal to roughly two-thirds of U.S. population
growth over the last 10 years.
* In 2000, 37.4 percent of immigrants are naturalized citizens, and
immigrants account for 5.5 percent of all eligible voters.
* More than half of post-1970 immigrants and their young children
live in or near poverty, compared to 28 percent of natives and their
young children.
* One-third of immigrants do not have health insurance -- two and one-half
times the rate for natives.
* Immigration accounts for virtually all of the national increase in public
school enrollment over the last two decades.
* Study hints that we don't need any more low-education immigrants.
@@sweatshop
\priv\95\09\immraids.txt - illegal immigrants held as virtual
prisoners in sweatshop raid.
@@Tal
Disgruntled Israeli who is against H-1 immigrants. As a former H-1B
alien, having seen the mix in several different groups, I can dissent
your opinion and aprove that the non-citizen workers are absolutely
abused.
http://www.geocities.com/CapitolHill/9302/main.htm
http://www.geocities.com/CapitolHill/9302/how.htm
http://www.geocities.com/CapitolHill/9302/why.htmSincerely,Doron---
Doron A. Tal Retired Physicist 4x4xm since 1964
69a Ramim St. Fighting corruption in Israel and elsewhere
Karmiel 21862 e-mail: ilatal@ort.org.il, Stop_Abuse@Geocities.com
Israel http://www.geocities.com/CapitolHill/9302
@@taxes
People (mostly immigrants) without SS numbers need a ITIN
\clip\97\04\fortaxid.txt Individual Taxpayer Identification Number
(ITIN) Required for Some Taxpayers OAKLAND, Calif.--(BUSINESS
WIRE)--Feb. 6, 1997--Individuals not eligible for a Social Security
Number will need to apply to obtain an Individual Taxpayer
Identification Number (ITIN), from the Internal Revenue Service, in
order to file a 1996 tax return.
@@temporary workers
\clip\96\02\hightemp.txt Date: Wed, 31 Jul 1996 13:54:00 -0400
High-Tech Firms Rely More On New Breed of Temp Worker Via AP By OMAR
L. GALLAGA The Wall Street Journal
@@Turkish
DANES RESTRICT ARRANGED MARRIAGES FOR TURKS
z47\clip\2000\12\turkim.txt For 'New Danes,' Differences Create a
Divide http://www.nytimes.com/2000/12/18/world/18MIGR.html December
18, 2000 CROSSING BORDERS By ROGER COHEN
@@unaccompanied minors
\priv\95\14\impol.txt Matloff says there are 30,000 Chinese
"unaccompanied minors" (this is the official euphemism) in the U.S.
@@unemployment
Common wisdom: Immigration makes unemployment worse
Reality: Cities with high immigration have the lowest rates.
- Two jobs were created for each immigrant from 1983-1993
- Different studies show that jobs in software create 3 to 5 jobs
in the overall industry
- Immigrants are best represented in fastest and largest growing
job fields
- The rate of unemployment has been falling since the 70's overall
despite immigration
[[create jobs
-----------------------------------------------------------------
The job market is booming, immigrants help fill increasing demands in
fastest growing fields and expand the economy, especially in high
tech, without inflation.
* In 1997, in Washington state, only Boeing and associated aerospace
industries hired more workers than the software industry, dominated
by Microsoft where 30-40% of new programmers are immigrants.
* Only 6% of new computer programmers came from foreign countries in
1987 or 1997. Nearly half now come from other disciplines, or
formerly unemployed workers.
* High tech and biomedical are fields with a high percentage of
exports Software is #2 industry after aerospace in Washington state,
high tech has become the largest employer in Washington and Oregon,
displacing natural resources.
* Computer science and computer engineering have the highest paying
jobs with a bachelors degree
* Software employment has increased by 50% in just 5 years. Computer
jobs are projected to increase by another 50% in 5 years. In
Washington State, software employment has more than doubled, up 122%
from 1990 to 1996, 4 times the national industry rate of growth (that
would still be 30%)
* The percentage of people working or seeking work is at a historic
high of 66.9% The unemployment rate is at a historic low at just
about 5% or full employment. Unemployment among computer science
people is only 0.8%
* The overall economy creates two jobs for every immigrant. In
software, one job creates 3 to 5 new jobs. One writer in the New
Republic said that huddled masses need jobs, and the common
assumption is that immigrants take away scarce jobs. Yet if you
measure how many jobs are lost for each immigrant, the answer is
that, on average, two jobs are CREATED for each immigrant. It is
instructive that in April 1973, an ad for ITT supporting free trade
predicted that the economy would add 27 million new jobs by 1990. In
fact, 40 percent more, or 38 million jobs were actually created from
1973 to 1994. 19.7 million were created in the decade from 1983-93
alone, over twice the number of 8,948,475 immigrants who arrived
during 1983-92
* No one disputes that Chinese immigration into Canada has been an
economic boon to Canada.
* Since 1994, 3/4 of 5.6 million new jobs were managerial or
professional.
How can that be? Well, if you think about it, if every immigrant took
away one job, there wouldn't be any jobs left, but instead the
economy has expanded and become stronger with immigration.
Neighborhoods that were dying and in decline would not be revitalized
by immigrants. When an unskilled mexican women cleans houses or
watches children, it allows women like Marcia Clark to work, creating
two jobs. When Jerry Yang or Charles Wang founds a company that hires
dozens or thousands of employees, that also creates jobs.
---------------
z62\clip\2002\12\vietimm.txt
http://www.theatlantic.com/politics/immigrat/fallowf.htm
Through the past decade, unemployment has been low in the very places
where immigration, legal and illegal, has been the greatest:
California, Florida, Texas. Urban Institute's study of Southern California reported that the
region's unemployment rates for all races and age groups were lower
than the national average, and that the difference between rates for
whites and for non-whites was less than elsewhere
November 1983
Immigration:
How It's Affecting Us
BY James Fallows
\clip\98\05\labus.txt From: dchiang@juno.com L.A. Getting Boost From
Asian Immigrants Los Angeles Business Journal 27-FEB-98 By Larry
Kanter [Los Angeles economy now based on minority / immigrant owned
small businesses]
\clip\98\04\itmanp.txt
here: http://www.techweb.com/se/directlink.cgi?EET19980119S0008
Electrical Engineering Times January 19, 1998, Issue: 989 Work-force
conference spotlights issue, as new stats show shortfall is worse
than thought -- Government tackles IT manpower shortage Robert
Bellinger
Government tackles IT manpower shortage Electrical Engineering
Times Jan 19, 1998 p. 11
Jobs in US economy
1996 2006
Programmer 567 667
Engineers and Scientist 427 912
Systems Analyst 506 1025
Bureau of Labor Statistics, overall 114% growth rate.
Cites matloff paper "debunking the myth"
NSF report to the nation, where new programmers are coming from:
Source of new workers%
1987 1996
CS grads 67% 37%
Other (Crossover) 27% 41%
Foreign 6% 6%
Former Unemployed - 11%
The IEEE predicts 28 percent expansion in demand for EEs by the year
2007 (10 yrs) and 40 percent for computer engineers, computer
scientists and systems analysts.
JOBS GROWING TWICE AS FAST AS POPULATION
\clip\97\17\labforc.txt
"One of the big national economic issues is how long the U.S. labor
force, now numbering 129.4 million workers and 6.8 million people
actively seeking work, can continue growing at this faster rate of 2
percent a year." That's about half the population, the population only
grew at 1% per year between 1980-1990
New York Times July 10, 1997 Labor Force Growing at Almost Twice Its
Normal Rate
HI TECH / COMPUTERS HAS THE MOST JOB INCREASE "Where the Good Jobs Are" Business
Week Oct 13, 1997 Shows over 500,000 new jobs in high tech, more than
education or any other field
==================================================================
WELFARE REFORM SHOWS THERE'S MORE UNSKILLED WORK FOR WELFARE
GRADUATES "From Dole to Payroll" Business Week May 5, 1997 p. 30
f052797 macroeconomic Advisers LLC in St. Louis found that the
employment ratio increased from 61% in 1991 to 66.2% in 1996 in
states with early welfare reforms where the national average was just
63.4%. Adding such workers (as with immigrants) allowed strong growth
without inflation. So much for the "economy will not expand to
accomodate more workers" foundation of the anti-immigration movement.
ECONOMY HAS CREATED NEARLY TWICE AS MANY JOBS AS HAVE BEEN LOST SINCE 1980
US News 5/26/97 The new economy Winners and losers are being created
with a vengeance BY WILLIAM J. HOLSTEIN \clip\97\13\newecon.txt
\clip\97\13\newecon\newecon.htm
http://www.usnews.com/usnews/issue/970526/26grow.htm
"Since 1980, the U.S. economy lost some 43 million jobs through
downsizing and other structural changes. Economists call them "sunset
jobs." In their place, analyst Horace W. Brock has pointed out, 71
million new jobs have been created. That's a net gain of 28 million
jobs...Some 60 percent of all jobs in the United States in 1950 were
unskilled, according to Timothy Parks, president of the Pittsburgh
Regional Alliance. That has shrunk to about 25 percent today and will
shrink further to 15 percent by the year 2000."
=========================================================
SOFTWARE #2 IN NEW HIRING AFTER BOEING IN WA STATE
http://www.seattletimes.com/extra/browse/html97/jobs_052197.html
\clip\97\13\lowunem.txt The Seattle Times Company Wednesday, May 21,
1997 Low regional jobless rate is making it easier to find work by
Alex Fryer Seattle Times business reporter
Norman Matloff says that computer people find it hard to get jobs,
but they have the easiest time "Even liberal-arts grads with little
formal computer training are finding companies lining up to take
their resumes, said Dr. Jean Hernandez". He says that companies like
Microsoft that hire lots of immigrants don't create jobs, but
software is the #2 source of new jobs.
===============================================================
SOFTWARE REPLACES SAWMILL JOBS \clip\97\12\sawmill.txt
http://www.seattletimes.com/extra/browse/html97/mill_050197.html
Seattle Times Thursday, May 1, 1997 Saws may go silent at the last
mill on Lake Washington by Keith Ervin Seattle Times Eastside
business reporter
"From 1988 to 1995, the number of Washington jobs in lumber and
forest products fell from 41,700 to 35,500 while the number of people
producing pre-packaged software - just one kind of computer product -
grew from 3,700 to 17,500. [an increase of 5 times in 7 years]"
=================================================
COMPUTER PEOPLE FIND JOBS FIRST
Engineering vs. liberal arts New graduates find more jobs, better
salaries with technical majors From Correspondent John Defterios
April 28, 1997: 11:17 a.m. ET Yahoo! Jobs NEW YORK (CNNfn) - Columbia
University seniors Dan Evans and Michael Cook represent two different
ends of the job search spectrum. With a month until graduation, one
has several job offers in hand, while the other still searches.
===================================================================
IMMIGRANTS? JOB GROWTH HAS ALWAYS OUTPACED POPULATION GROWTH IN THE
CENTURY
" Job growth has outpaced population growth over the century, despite
great changes in the types of jobs available. " Note the author wrote
the famous book arguing against immigration. \CLIP\97\09\JOBGROW.TXT
May 6, 1996 Copyright Forbes Inc. 1996 © Issue Date May 6, 1996 What
happened to all those blacksmiths? By Peter Brimelow
The Chinese Are A Financial Boon To Vancouver BC
The Chinese are recreating Hong Kong in the Vancouver suburb of
Richmond, where it is estimated that one in 3 residents is an
immigrant from Taiwan or Hong Kong. In 1987, only 1% but now 43% of
students are enrolled in English As A Second Language classes. This
year, Canada will accept 225,000 immigrants, proportionally three
times as many as the United States.
There is little dispute that Canada's relatively generous immigration
policy has been a boon to Vancouver, and saved British Columbia from
the sluggish performance of the rest of Canada. There are not Pat
Buchanans [or Norman Matloffs] calling for keeping "Jose" out.
Source: "Uncertain Canadians" Seattle Times Pacific Magazine Feb 23,
1997. Filed \doc\97\02\richmond.txt
-------------------------------------------------------------
IMMIGRANTS HELP BUILD 2 OF THE 5 LARGEST STOCK VALUE CORPORATIONS IN
THE US, INTEL AND MICROSOFT, NORTHWEST WEALTH GROWTH
\doc\web\97\02\nortstok.txt "Northwest Stocks: They Keep Growing and
Growing" Seattle Times Feb 16, 1997 p. E1. Microsoft is the
Northwest's largest company in stock value, and the fifth largest in
the nation. Only GE, Coca Cola, INTEL and Exxon are larger, and
larger than Johnson & Johnson, Proctor and Gamble and AT&T. Microsoft
alone accounts for 54% of the increase in all northwest stock value.
IMMIGRANT ENGINEERS MAKE 9.6% ANNUAL JOB GROWTH POSSIBLE, AND WAGES ARE RISING, NOT
FALLING.
Seattle Times Feb 16, 1997 p. E1 "A Quick Look at Wages" Between 1987
and 1994, employment in the software industry grew at an annual rate
of 9.6% compared to only 1.6% in the overall economy according to the
Business Software Alliance in Washington, and it was 11.5% in 1995.
Even as jobs expanded, workers wages have risen. Salaries for mid to
upper level managers have risin 30-40% in only 3 years.
========================================================================
HIGH TECH IMMIGRANTS BRING BOOM WHILE OTHER CITIES DECLINE
\doc\97\02\hoqiam.txt "Hoquiam: Orphan In a Booming Economy" Seattle
Times Feb 2, 1997 p. 1 The opposite of a booming economy with
population and job growth is ghost town and economic collapse where
everyone has moved out and businesses and towns are dying. Immigrants
produce growth and ideas and exports. Grays Harbor is dependent on
declining natural resources industries. Contrast this to a series on
the booming Seattle Eastside communities around Microsoft where
businesses and housing is being built like crazy. High tech just took
over as the biggest sector from natural resources in the state,
immigrant high tech workers are key to creation of good export jobs.
Norman Matloff's myopic and racist strategy of reserving work only
for natives will only strangle growth.
\doc\web\97\02\washjob.txt IMMIGRANT ENGINEERS DON'T CREATE JOBS?
MICROSOFT IMMIGRANTS CREATE 3.4 JOBS EACH VS. 2.8 AT BOEING, OR EVEN
5 JOBS Summary: "Software Industry in 1997: Mostly Small Companies"
Washinton CEO January 1997 p. 32
Software is the #2 industry in WA state, companies are growing at 25%
a year, wages are at $59,000, technology is 25% of the entire economy
and the largest sector, different studies computed that software jobs
create 3 to 5 jobs elsewhere in the economy.
-------------------------------------------------------------
ECONOMY GENERATES SO MANY JOBS A RECORD 66.9% ARE WORKING
IMMIGRATION AND MIGRATION DRIVE PROSPERITY
http://www.seattletimes.com/extra/browse/html97/econ_010597.html
\clip\97\01\roar90.txt Copyright © 1997 The Seattle Times Company
Jan. 5, 1997 The Roaring Nineties Puget Sound region is booming again
by Leyla Kokmen and Lee Moriwaki
Seattle Times business reporters
MIGRATION AND IMMIGRATION DRIVES JOB GROWTH AT MICROSOFT
\doc\97\01\msempl.txt "The Roaring Nineties" Seattle Times Jan 5,
1997 p. 1
Microsoft employment
1988 1992 1996
2,615 7,010 11,143
Migration will account for bulk of the 400,000 population growth
from the current 5.5 million people in the state
MATLOFF SAYS POPULATION GROWTH IS BAD, SEATTLE TIMES SAYS IT DRIVES
PROSPERITY
\clip\97\01\goodnews.txt Copyright © 1997 The Seattle Times Company
Jan. 8, 1997 Good economic news makes doubters believe
http://www.seattletimes.com/topstories/browse/html97/econed_010897.html
Employment opportunities are booming around Puget Sound, and not
just in highly skilled computer, engineering and machinist jobs at
the region's largest employers.
MATLOFF'S LABOR SURPLUS?? SOFTWARE EMPLOYMENT UP 1.5 TIMES FROM 92 TO
97
url: http://www.businessweek.com/1997/02/b3509122.htm
file: \clip\97\01\software\software.htm
"Software" Business Week January 13, 1997 p. 104. f010797-1 Charts
show that output, including data processing, increased from 128 to
180.7 billion dollars between 1992 and 1997, employees went from 0.91
to 1.41 million workers, while dollar productivity fell slightly from
141.1 to 127.9 thousand dollars per employee. This shows how Norman
Matloff's claim of a zero sum game where immigrants displace natives,
and there is a labor surplus is just a fraud. When employment
increases by 50% in just 5 years, growth is limited only by the
number of people with skills to fill the jobs, cutting off qualified
people will only reduce the number of jobs that can be filled and
harm industry and consumers alike. Also note that software already
employed more than hardware in 1992, and output will exceed hardware
in 1997.
Computers and chips Software
1992 1997 1992 1997
Output 56.7 168.1 128.0 180.7
employment 0.58 0.58 0.91 1.41
productivity 98.4 289.4 141.1 127.9
Global software market (IDC) = $121.4 billion
Mainframe software market = $21 billion
Microsoft sales $11.6 billion
Internet sales est 1996 $1 billion 1997 $3 billion
PCs use 40% of all semiconductor output, 2/3 of
memory chips
JUST FIVE SILICON VALLEY IMMIGRANT COMPANIES CREATED 32,000
DIRECT JOBS
url: http://www.forbes.com/forbes/110496/5811210a.htm clip:
\clip\96\10\needimpt.txt magazine: "A needed import: entrepreneurial
spirit" By Damon Darlin Forbes Nov 4, 1996 Hungarian-born Andrew
Grove started Intel Corp. Immigrant engineers founded or co-founded
Sun Microsystems, Cirrus Logic, Oracle, Solectron and Lam Research.
Together these five companies have created some $45 billion in wealth
and 32,000 jobs.
---------------------------------------------------------------
MOST NEW JOBS IN HIGH PAYING CATEGORIES IN SERVICES, MIDWEST HAS
TIGHTEST JOB MARKET, FEWEST IMMIGRANTS.
\doc\96\07\flipside.txt "The Flip Side of Downsizing" Nation's
Business, Oct 1996 p. 18.
Labor markets are tightest in the midwest (the fewest immigrants to
fill jobs)
68% of net growth in in full time jobs in Feb 94- Feb 96 were in
categories that were paying above average wages. In service
industries, job growth was in managerial or professional specialty
jobs in financial services and software companies.
e:\clip\96\03\highboom.txt AP 31-Aug-1996 12:00 EDT REF5172 High Tech
Jobs Boom in NYC By KATHLEEN SAMPEY Associated Press Writer. NYC has
one of the highest percentages of immigrants in the country, yet high
tech jobs are booming.
\priv\96b\08\knowjob.txt Chicago Tribune says computer jobs will be
the fastest growing field. "In some areas, such as Internet-related
jobs, Christian says, job creation will be 100 percent annually.He
also predicts that 20 percent of the jobs created in the next four
years will go unfilled unless many of today's workers are retrained. "
\priv\96b\hitech.txt. Software is the #2 export industry in WA after
aircraft, at $6 billion total. Since 1990, the number of software
employees has risen 122 percent, nearly four times the industry's
national job-growth rate for the same period. Comment - by allowing
such fast growth, immigrants actually bring in money from exports
rather than taking jobs from "Americans".
"Schools Brief: One Lump or Two" Economist Nov 25, 1995 p. 67. Argues
that it is wrong to try to spread around a fixed number of jobs
instead of keeping everyone employed in an expanding economy, such as
shorter workweeks. Unemployment has dropped from nearly 10 to just
over 5 percent since the 70's despite immigration.
\doc\96\03\futrcap.txt "Apocolypse Now" Economist mar 9, 1996 p. 88
Review of "The Future of Capitalism: How Today's Economic Forces
Shape Tommorow's World" Lester Thurow. William Morrow; 385 pages $25
The whole of Western Europe didn't generate a single net new job 1973
to 1994 compared to 38 million net new jobs in 1973 to 1994
>> \priv\96\05\asimbols.doc \priv\96\05\asimbols.doc Asian Immigrants
Help Bolster U.S. Economy, New Report Says New York Times March 31,
1996 By CAREY GOLDBERG SAN FRANCISCO, March 30 _ From Cambodian
doughnut-shop owners to Chinese electronics engineers, Asian
immigrants do far more good than harm to the nation's economy, a new
report says. asian.immigration.for
>>\priv\96\05\hipay.doc Seattle Times March 14, 1996 p. A2 High-paying
jobs being created - low ones too BY JONATHAN PETERSON AND STUART
SLVERSTEIN Los Angeles Times Since the start of 1994, more than
three-fourths of the 5.6 million new jobs were managerial and
professional, according to a new U.S. Labor Department report. [A. Hu
note - immigrants contributed to this job growth by making labor
available rather than crowding out natives]
>>\doc\96\02\occgrow.wk1 Fastest and Greatest Growing Occupations are
Often Filled by Immigrants
* has many immigrants
Number
Fastest Growing Occupations 1994 % change
Personal and home-care aides 179 119
Home health aides 420 102
systems analysts* 483 92
computer engineers* 195 90
physical and corrective therapy ass/aid 78 83
electronic-pagination systems workers 18 83
occupational therapy ass/aides 16 82
physical therapists 102 80
residential counselors 165 76
human services workers 168 75
Greatest Growth 1994 Change
cashiers* 3005 562
janitors and cleaners, maids* 3043 559
salespersons, retail* 3842 532
waiters and waitresses* 1847 479
registered nurses* 1906 473
general managers and top executives* 3046 466
systemws analysts* 483 445
home health aides 420 428
guards* 867 415
nursing aides, orderlines and attendant 1265 387
Note: projections reflect moderate growth scenario
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
Original cited by: American Demographics March 1996
This is contrary to those who claim that immigrant do not
match our new labor needs - most jobs tend to be very skilled
or very unskilled, both happen to fit with immigration trends
quite nicely.
1973 PREDICTION OF 27 MILLION NEW JOBS FALLS *SHORT*!
Scientific American ITT advertisement, April 1973 "By the time this
child is grown, our nation's work force should total 106 million
persons. A net increase of 27 million jobs by 1990. How will they be
created? Comment - Nearly that many jobs were created in the TEN
years of the 1980s, rather than in the 20 years projected by this
advertisement.
TWO JOBS CREATED FOR EVERY IMMIGRANT
Two jobs created for every immigrant 1983-1993 \doc\96\01\ins80s.wk1
1992 INS Yearbook p. 25 US Immigration 1983-92 8,948,475 immigrants
of all ages compared to 19.7 million more jobs from 1983-1993
Business Week Oct 9, 1995 p. 30.
>>\doc\96\01\whitcoll.txt F011796 The Economist 1/6/96 p. 22 "White
collar, blue collar" 24% of layoffs vs. 13% earlier affect managers
and professionals, but since 93, unemployment has actually fallen for
both groups.
Norm Matloff mentions a friend who was laid off from Everex (Chinese)
and was rehired by a Taiwan immigrant, yet claims immigrants do not
create jobs.
"Scott McNealy's Rising Sun" Business Week 1/22/96 p. 66 Sun was
cofounded by immigrant Stanford classmate Vinod Khosla (who later
left), and Andreas Bechtolsheim.
>>\doc\96\01\outone.txt "Out One Door And In Another" Business Week Jan
22, 1996 p. 41 f011596. Overall employment is up despite massive
layoffs.
\doc\95\14\techshor.txt "Survey Uncovers Technical Shortages" Oct 16,
1996 Electrical Engineering Times. Very few layoffs in electronics,
mostly in aerospace and communications and finance, not computer
firms where debate over skilled immigration is hot.
\priv\95\16\unemply.txt - Unemployment in 11/95 is 5.5%, full
employment while immigration is at all-time high.
Arthur Hu 11/7/95 OK, I missed something. If we're at a 5%
unemployment, which is full employment for all practical intents and
purposes, how can this be if immigration is at an all time high, if
every immigrant equal 1 or >0 unemployed Americans? How could the
80's result in the creation of 20 million jobs if there were 7 million
immigrants? Doesn't this show that high rates of immigration are
associated with growing economies and low rates of unemployment?
\priv\95\19\busimm.txt CANBERRA, Dec 11 (Reuter) - Business migrants
to Australia in 1995/96 are expected to add A$1 billion to the
economy and create 7,200 jobs, Immigration Minister Nick Bolkus said.
\priv\95\18\empup.txt - AP Dec 4, 1995 The survey by Michigan State
University projects a 4.7 percent increase in the number of new
college graduates who can expect to get jobs, the third straight
annual improvement.
[[higher unemployment
>>\priv\96\01\immjob.txt '95 Canada study blames immigration, family
based immigration for high unemployment
\CLIP\97\05\FRANCLAW.TXT AP 25-Feb-1997 20:25 EST REF6002 Copyright
1997. The Associated Press. All Rights Reserved. France Debates
Immigration Law By PAUL-HENRI DU LIMBERT Associated Press Writer "
the right-wing National Front, which has won four local elections by
blaming France's 12.7 percent unemployment and other social ills on
immigrants. "
[[rate
>>\priv\96\01\workfill.txt SJM 1/10/96 Chip boom killing supply
Semiconductor industry scrambles to find enough workers to fill
demand
>>\priv\96\01\teenfear.htm - SJM 1/12/96 -- Almost 1 in 3 students
worried about being victims of drive-by shootings. More than 2 in 5
black and Hispanic students expressed that fear.
>>\priv\96\01\starsear.doc p. 6 "Star Search" THE NEW REPUBLIC JANUARY
22, 1996. Why work so hard to keep out talented and productive people
with restrictions on immigrant engineers?
>>\doc\96\01\outone.txt "Out One Door And In Another" Business Week Jan
22, 1996 p. 41 f011596. Overall employment is up despite massive
layoffs.
>>\doc\96\01\whitcoll.txt F011796 The Economist 1/6/96 p. 22 "White
collar, blue collar" 24% of layoffs vs. 13% earlier affect managers
and professionals, but since 93, unemployment has actually fallen for
both groups.
>>\doc\96\01\marxdumm.txt "Coming this year: Marx for Dummies" Wall
Street Jounal Jan 25, 1996 ed. Karl Zinsmeister, fellow at Amerian
Enterprise Institute f012596 Boomer income is 55% higher than 30
years ago. Average home is twice as big. 79-94 men's wages up 14%,
not down 14%. Average family is 12% smaller in 93 than in 70.
>>\doc\96\01\econmigr.txt "The economics of immigration" San Francisco
Examiner June 13, 1993. Black janitors are down due to immigration, but
blacks increase in almost every desirable field, so this is not
neccesarily bad.
A frequently cited study shows that the number of unionized black
janitors in Los Angeles skyscrapers fell from 2,500 in 1977 to 600 in
1985 while total janitorial employment rose 50%
(but blacks gained in almost every desirable field of employment
during that period! number of black owned businesses
up by 46% 87-92, black college grads up from 9% in
1980 to 14% in 1990, engineering enrollment up
43% in 4 years since 1986-87)
\doc\95\08\jobprog.txt
Job Progress -
USA Today May 15, 1995
p. 2B
Black:
650% Airplane pilots / navigators
311% Dentists
188% Radio, TV Applicance sales
173% Civil Engineers
155% Authors
>>\priv\96\02\compjob.doc Seattle Times Jan 21, 1996 p. J1 "Quick
learning vital in high-tech industry"
"Indeed, high-tech employment represents such a moving target that
the biggest problem they face today is the need to pay consultants
more than they want because they can't find people who can do the
jobs they need, Ashley said"
"Industry offers wide range of career options, annual income"
Summary: Most computer jobs are projected to increase by 50% over
the next 5 years, the best jobs generally require 4 year college
degrees or more.
\doc\96\01\eeunem.txt
According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, computer
scientists have an unemployment rate of only 1.4% (ie. 2Q95 Source: US Dept
of Labor). By any economic measure, the computer programming field is at full
employment (ie. there are always some people temporarily unemployed). The
unemployment rate for electrical engineers is only slightly higher at only
1.7% (ie. 2Q95 Source: US Dept of Labor).
------------
Computer Programmers
95Q1 931K-Employed 15K-Unemployed 1.6%-Unemployed
95Q2 924K-Employed 13K-Unemployed 1.4%-Unemployed
------------
Electrical Engineers
95Q1 572K-Employed 17K-Unemployed 2.9%-Unemployed
95Q2 625K-Employed 11K-Unemployed 1.7%-Unemployed
------------
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics, US Department of Labor
\priv\96\01\unemploy.txt - EE Times articles show EE unemployment
went down from 6% in 1994/5 to under 2.5% in 1995/6
[[retrain
\clip\96\01\retrain.txt Utah has a program to retrain laid off high
tech workers. Stopping immigration of those with marketable skills
does noting to upgrade the skills of the unemployed.
[[take jobs
\priv\96\02\reblacke.txt - points out data shows that blacks lost jobs
in LA, job gains went to Asians and Hispanics.
\priv\96\01\immjob.txt '95 Canada study blames immigration, family
based immigration for high unemployment
>>\doc\95\14\austimmg.txt - Austrians want zero immigration, despite
the lowest unemployment rate in Europe. Also cites Economist article
showing unemployment down since mid 70s despite immigration.
\priv\95\17\matloff.txt Labor Secretary Robert B. Reich said of the
5.5 He was interviewed on a local radio station today. When asked if
immigration had a negative impact on employment and wages for
natives, he said, "Only at the low-skilled level, and only in some
cities."
@@unions
\priv\95\14\unionimm.txt wojtek sokolowski
notes that some unions are supportive of immigrants, if not immigration
in general
@@Unskilled
Many argue that it's unskilled / uneducated immigrants we need less
of, not all immigrants that are harmful.
EVEN UNSKILLED USED BY HIGH TECH AS JANITORS AND ASSEMBLERS
\clip\98\08\unskill.txt Jobs Exist for Immigrants, Study Finds Labor:
Report says unskilled new arrivals are 'structurally embedded' in the
economy, including growing high-tech sector. Los Angeles Times,
Monday, May 4, 1998 By PATRICK J. MCDONNELL, Times Staff Writer
Contradicting widespread fears that an increasingly high-tech economy
is squeezing out low-skilled immigrants, a new study has concluded
that even computer-products manufacturers and other information-age
businesses will continue to need new arrivals with little education
and skill.
UNSKILLED IMMIGRANTS ARE NOT NEEDED
\clip\98\07\skillim.txt 'NEW ECONOMY' 1, IMMIGRANTS 0 Policy On
Unskilled Entrants Flawed, Studies Say Investors Business Daily,
April 7, 1998 David A. Price
"Reasonable Immigration" Wall Street Journal April 23, 1996 p. A15
Rep Lamar Smith (R Texas) says half of all immigrants have no skills
and little education and compete directly with American citizens for
increasingly scare unskilled jobs
@@visa breakdown
\priv\96\04\immvisa.txt Monday, March 11, 1996, Page A1 (c)1996 San
Francisco Chronicle Few Visas Go to `Best, Brightest' INS figures
debunk businesses' claims
123,000 total employment based visas
22,000 Chinese not returning to Tianamen
100,000 left
60,000 spouses and children of workers
40,000 workers
21,053 1st preference
13,000 spouses and children
1,300 aliens of extraordinary ability
1,809 outstanding professors and researchers
5,000 multinational executives
2nd preference "exceptional workers" "prof adv degree"
58,000 1992
29,000 1993
14,000 1994 -> 60% of all emplyment visas
3rd preference "skilled worker" 2 yrs training or
experience
@@voting rights
zip31\clip\99\07\immnew01.txt Alien ballot A novel idea in Cambridge:
Give noncitizen immigrants the vote Cityscape by Sarah McNaught The
Boston Phoenix, February 18 - 25, 1999
\priv\96\13\citzvote.txt San Francisco Examiner, Tuesday, April 30,
1996 Noncitizen voting measure dealt blow Judge says S.F. plan
unconstitutional, halts petition drive
\priv\96\12\ncitvote.txt San Francisco Examiner, Tuesday, April 23,
1996 Diana Walsh "Ballot plan would let noncitizens vote in S.F."
But if proposal gets enough signatures, secretary of State promises
to fight it as unconstitutional pollster David Binder had found city
voters split on her proposal, with 45 percent favoring extending
voting rights and 44 percent opposing it. some cities outside
California had extended voting rights to noncitizens. Takoma Park,
Md., in 1992 gave noncitizens the right to vote in municipal
elections, and noncitizens are allowed to vote in New York City
school board elections.
d:\doc\96\01\wagehi.txt - Average wages for engineers have kept up
or beat the CPI
http://www.arthurhu.com/index/immig.htm#wageshigher
@@wages, higher
Immigrants are said to lower wages, but it is usually "it stands to
reason" or experts say that they "may", but what is the evidence??
Almost every survey shows that doctors and engineers, which have the
highest percentages of immigrants, have the highest wages and lowest
rates of unemployment, and regions with high percentages of
immigrants such as Silicon Valley also have the highest pay levels.
------------------------------------------------------------
\clip\99\02\silvall.txt San Jose Mercury News January 9, 1999
Internet, software redefining Silicon Valley BY JONATHAN RABINOVITZ
Mercury News Staff Writer "software increased its total share of jobs
to 14 percent from 7.5 percent. And software employees continue to be
the most highly paid, with average annual wages of $90,380."
EE TIMES 1998, IMMIGRANTS HI AGAIN
\doc\web\98\06\salary.txt
EE Times Salary Survey of Electrial Engineering Times readers
Aug 31, 1998
Country of Origin
-----------------
Iran 86.4
Canada 80.9
India 74.8
Taiwan 73.9
US 71.7
China 70.1
IMMIGRANT WAGES RISE 50% HIGHER THAN FOR NATIVES IN 1988 "Measuring
Immigrant Wage Growth Using Matched CPS Files Harriet Orcutt Duleep
and Mark C. Regets Using matched Current Population Survey data, we
find that in 1988, the median wage growth of immigrants was 6.7%
compared to 4.4% for workers born in the US Program for Research on
Immigratin Policy The Urban Institute Washington DC April 1996
PRIP-UI-42
IMMIGRANTS START OUT MAKING LESS, BUT EARNINGS GROW FASTER The
Elusive Concept of Immigrant Quality Harriet Orcutt Duleep Mark C.
Regets. The Urban Institute Washington DC, April 1996 PRIP-UI-41. The
find that although measured by starting earnings, "quality" of newer
immigrants as declined, their earnings growth has in inverse
relationship, so that their earnings will catch up as fast as earlier
immigrants.
IMMIGRATION RAISES PAY FOR MOST AMERICANS clip\97\15\immpoll.txt
http://www.seattletimes.com/extra/browse/html97/immi_061697.html The
Seattle Times Company Monday, June 16, 1997 Negative views on
immigration have eased in the U.S., poll says "But the council also
found that immigrants have boosted wages for the overwhelming
majority of Americans, including blacks with a high-school education
or more. [which is true of most blacks]"
ENGINEERS, TECHNICAL FIELDS PAY THE MOST FOR BS DEGREE
Starting Salaries and Increases from 1996 for various majors:
Chemical Engineering $42,758 4.3%
Mechanical Engineering $39,852 4.5%
Electrical Engineering $39,811 4.0%
Computer Science $36,964 4.5%
Nursing $32,927 4.0%
Civil Engineering $32,170 4.0%
Chemistry $31,261 4.0%
Accounting $30,393 4.0%
Education $25,742 4.0%
Journalism $22,102 4.0%
Source: Michigan State University
Collegiate Employment Research Institute
From: Dave Chiang <73052.1235@compuserve.com>
-------------------------------------------------------
MOST STUDIES CONTRADICT MATLOFF'S CLAIM OF LOWER IMMIGRANT SALARIES
\clip\97\12\paycheck.txt
http://www.techweb.com/se/directlink.cgi?EET19970428S0110 F051897
Electrical Engineering Times April 28, 1997, Issue: 951 Paychecks
don't measure up By Bob Bellinger Davis, Calif. - One point made in
professor Matloff's paper is that immigrants take lower salaries than
Americans.
-------------------------------------------------------
COMPUTER SERVICES HAS HIGHEST SALARY INCREASE
Top salary increases for 1997
1. Computer services and software 4.8%
2. Telecommunications 4.5%
3. Entertainment 4.5%
4. Finance and Banking 4.2%
5. Retailing 3.8%
Source: Business Week (cited in Seattle Times April 6, 1997)
------------------------------------------------------------------
MICROSOFT HOME STATE HAS HIGHEST HIGH TECH WAGE $58K, 30% JOB GROWTH
http://www.seattletimes.com/extra/browse/html97/tech_031997.html
\clip\97\08\hiwage.txt
The Seattle Times Wednesday, March 19, 1997 High-tech pay here is the
highest in the nation by Thomas W. Haines Seattle Times business
reporter
"First, that paycheck: $57,555 annually on average. It's no surprise
that number is high, largely because of this state's concentration of
software jobs, which typically pay more than computer-hardware
manufacturing jobs. Washington's average tops No. 2 New Jersey at
$55,970, and No. 3 California at $55,160. "
4. Massachusetts 52,999
5. Idaho 51,879
6. Connecticut 51,782
7. New York 51,766
8. Alaska 49,725
9. Wash. DC 49,668
10. Maryland 49,573
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
"Washington also ranks high in growth of its high-tech jobs between
1990 and 1995, according to the study. The state added 18,516 jobs
for a total of 78,920, a 30 percent increase."
"California maintains job lead" EE Times Feb 17, 1997 p. 71 F021997-2
------------------------------------------------
ENGINEERING AND MATH PAY THE HIGHEST BS SALARIES
source: USA Today Jan 15, 1997 p. 1
Bachelor's degree pay for men: Median
US income for men 30 and over with
bachelor's degrees:
Engineering 52,998
Math 52,316
Physics 51,819
Pharmacy 50,805
Economics 50,360
All 43,586
Excludes self-employed, data through 1993
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
Occupational Outlook Quarterly Summer 1996
------------------------------------------------------------------
Seattle Times Feb 16, 1997 p. E1 "A Quick Look at Wages" Even as jobs
expanded, workers wages have risen. Salaries for mid to upper level
managers have risen 30-40% in only 3 years. (in software)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
SOFTWARE WAGES RISE THE FASTEST, NOT DRAGGED DOWN
BY IMMIGRANTS.
\doc\97\02\hiwage.txt
1997 Salary Increase Projections
4.8% Computer Services and Software
4.5% Telecommuniations
4.5% Entertainment
4.2% Finance and Banking
3.8% Retail
3.7% Education
3.6% Transportation
Salaried Workers, excluding
executive, Bureau of Labor Statistics
Business Week Feb 17, 1997 p. 33
--------------------------------------------------------------
\doc\web\97\02\washjob.txt IMMIGRANT ENGINEERS DON'T CREATE JOBS?
MICROSOFT IMMIGRANTS CREATE 3.4 JOBS EACH VS. 2.8 AT BOEING, OR EVEN
5 JOBS Summary: "Software Industry in 1997: Mostly Small Companies"
Washinton CEO January 1997 p. 32
Software is the #2 industry in WA state, companies are growing at 25%
a year, wages are at $59,000
------------------------------------------
another report - $59,000 average salary, $700 in free soda and
subsidized food.
\doc\95\11\micrwage.txt
King County and Washington Employment and Security Department
(Seattle PI Aug 2, 1995)
Average wages, including stock options
software $80,508
aerospace $49,155
King Co. $30,716
-----------------------------------------
RAND: ASIANS START LOW AND CATCH UP, EUROPEANS ENTER EQUAL, HISPANICS
DON'T CATCH UP
http://www.rand.org/cgi-bin/Abstracts/ordi/getab.pl?14020439-14022917
\clip\97\04\immprog.txt (just the study abstract is here) DOCNO:
MR-763-IF/FF
Japanese, Korean, and Chinese immigrants enter with wages much lower
than native-born workers', their wages increase rapidly, reaching
parity within 10 to 15 years. Europeans enter with wages similar to
natives' and continue to earn comparable wages. In contrast, Mexican
immigrants enter with very low wages and experience a persistent wage
gap.
TITLE: The Mixed Economic Progress of Immigrants.
\clip\97\03\engsalr.txt
Source
Services Salary Survey
Salary Surveys
$50,000 Software Design and Development
$49,900 Digital Analog Design Engineer
$49,000 Semiconductor Design Engineer
$41,800 Junior Software Engineer
(These guys are underpaid??)
--------------------------------------
\CLIP\97\02\bestjob.txt pathfinder / Money magazine
The Best jobs in 4 Categories
Comment 2 of the top 3 paying job categories are Physician and
Computer engineer, both fields with high percentage of immigrants.
Tell me how immigrants are lowering wages and scaring away entry of
blacks.
Top Paying Jobs
1.Physician/surgeon ($156,000/$200,000)
2.Airline pilot ($95,794)
3.Computer Engineer ($70,000)
4.Management Consultant ($60,000)
5.Lawyer ($58,000)
"Bachelor's degree pay for men"
USA Today Jan 15, 1997 p. 1
COMPANIES MOVING AWAY FROM CA AND NY TO LOWER WAGE STATES
"When Companies Pull Up Stakes" Business Week Jan 13, 1997 p. 30
Georgia, Texas, Tennesee, Colorado register the biggest job gains,
while New York, California and Wash DC have lost the most jobs from
business relocation. Note that although New York and California are
losing jobs with lots of immigrants, it is because wages are TOO
HIGH, not because immigrants are lowering wages for natives.
See engineering salaries
COMPUTERS AND ENGINEERING PAY MOST (AND HAVE MOST IMMIGRANTS)
\doc\96\07\jobpay.txt College Majors That Really Pay Business Week
Dec 2, 1996 p. 34. Engineering and computer science, with the highest
percentage of immigrants have the highest starting salaries.
CS SALARIES RISE 5-6%, ONLY 1/2 AS MANY CS GRADS AS 1986
\clip\96\10\csgrad.txt "Demand for CS Grads Soars" Electrical
Engineering Times Dec 2, 1996 p. 102. Starting CS salaries have
increased 5-6% over the past 3 years, outpacing inflation, and
college are producing only slightly more than half as many CS grads
as the peak 10 years ago. Contrary to claims by Norman Matloff that
MS degrees have no value, EE Times surveys shows masters paid
$4400-$4700 (7%) more per year
Starting Salary Offers
Year Start Increase
1994 $31,783
1995 $33,712 6.1%
1996 $35,222 4.5%
1997 $36,902 4.8% (projected)
Source: NACE
\clip\96\02\valyinco.txt 4 Aug 1996 San Jose Mercury News Valley
defies growing income gap -- Census figures: Rich getting richer, but
Santa Clara County's poor also prosper. By Scott Thurm. The Mercury
News analysis of census surveys from 1976 to 1994 found that
household incomes in Santa Clara County have increased at every
socioeconomic level, after adjusting for inflation and the number of
people who live in the household. Household incomes at each level
studied increased between 12 and 25 percent.
"A National Case of the Jitters" Wall Street Journal June 4, 1996 "A
study of National Science Foundation data found immigrants in the
high-tech arena are likely pushing _up_ salaries. An Urban Institute
study found immigrants didn't hurt local workers."
\doc\96\04\jitters.txt
\doc\96\03\usbetter.txt "Group Says U.S. Workers Are Better Off Than
Thought" New York Times April 19, 1996 p. C1 The National Association
of Manufacturers says that when problems with government reporting of
inflation are corrected for, wages have not stagnated, but risen 15%
since 1979. The economy has created 8.4 million jobs since 1992. The
real problem is that a typical family paid only 20% of wages for
state and federal taxes in 1955 compared to 37% today.
\doc\96\02\wageup.txt Wages of high school dropouts are said to be
lowered by 4%, and college-high school gap increased by 25% due to
immigration, but wages of college-educated men were up 8% and women
by 17%, also attributed to immigration in study by David Jaeger of
Bureau of Labor Statistics. Only 10% of native born are high school
dropouts, so drop out wages are a non-issue for natives.
>>\doc\96\01\greatexp.txt Great Expectations Newsweek January 8, 1996
p. 24 Robert Samuelson. Incomes are actually up 10-20% over the past
two decades, not stagnant, when inflation is propertly corrected for.
>>d:\priv\96\01\econtren.doc Business Week Oct 9, 1995 p. 30 Economic
Trends BY GENE KORETZ CPI overstates inflation, most jobs are
created at high and low skill levels. Thus wages are not stagnant.
\doc\96\01\marxdumm.txt "Coming this year: Marx for Dummies" Wall
Street Jounal Jan 25, 1996 ed. Karl Zinsmeister, fellow at Amerian
Enterprise Institute f012596 Boomer income is 55% higher than 30
years ago. Average home is twice as big. 79-94 men's wages up 14%,
not down 14%. Average family is 12% smaller in 93 than in 70.
@@wages, lower
\clip\99\15\immwage.txt L.A. County Jobs Surge Since '93, but Not
Wages + Economy: Recovery has created 300,000 positions, but almost
none are in middle-class range of $40,000 to $60,000. By DON LEE,
Times Staff Writer Los Angeles Times, Monday, July 26, 1999
Since the depths of the last recession, in the winter of 1993, more than
300,000 new jobs have been created in Los Angeles County. But a majority of
these jobs pay substantially below-average wages--less than $25,000 a
year--and barely one in 10 averages $60,000 or more, a Times analysis shows.
\clip\98\02\immwage.txt Immigrant Competition Reduces Wages The
Associated Press, Wednesday, January 21, 1998 By Michelle Mittelstadt
Associated Press Writer WASHINGTON (AP) -- Immigrant labor has
depressed the wages of Americans in lower-skilled jobs by as much as
12 percent, according to a study by a think tank that wants stricter
controls on immigration. A 1 percent immigrant increase in the
composition of lower-skilled occupations reduces wages for the
native-born by 0.8 percent, said study author Steven Camarota. Since
that work force is 15 percent immigrant, the study concludes wages
for U.S.-born workers may be depressed by an average 12 percent.
(wait, you can't extrapolate that!)
CIS summary
10% INCREASE IN IMMIGRATION LOWERS WAGES BY 1% (?) MIGRATION NEWS
Vol. 4, No. 12 December, 1997 \clip\97\28\mignews.txt The Jerome Levy
Economics Institute in August 1997 released a report on immigrants in
the US labor market The consensus among economists is that an
increase in immigration of 10 percent reduces overall US wages by one
percent and more than one percent in low-skill labor markets. For
example, between 1980 and 1988, immigration increased the number of
high school dropouts in the work force by roughly 25 percent and the
wages of high school dropouts declined by 10 percent.
MIGRATION NEWS Vol. 4, No. 12 December, 1997 \clip\97\28\mignews.txt
Inequality. The Brookings Papers on Economic Activity includes papers
from a March 1997 conference on "How Much Do Immigration and Trade
Affect Labor Market Outcomes?" by George Borjas, Richard Freeman and
Lawrence Katz. Since 1970, the US has had both increased immigration
and imports Using an aggregate US production function, the authors
conclude that immigration accounted for 44 percent of the decline in
the relative earnings of US born high school dropouts from 1980 to
1995. Imports of labor-intensive goods, by contrast, account for
about 27 percent of the decline in the relative earnings of US-born
high school dropouts from 1980 to 1995. A new book, "Trade and
Income Distribution" by William R. Cline, estimates that trade and
migration account for about 10 percent of the increase in wage
inequality observed in the US.
\CLIP\97\02\whoblame.txt TIME Magazine November 6, 1995 Volume 146,
No. 19 WHO'S REALLY TO BLAME? Job-Stealing Aliens And Job-Exporting
Ceos Are Easy Targets, But Growing Income Inequality Has Deeper Roots
\doc\96\06\matlof11.txt 9/12/96 matloff@cs.ucdavis.edu (Norm Matloff)
Remember, studies show that each 10% increase in immigrant population
results in a 10% decrease in wages of the earlier-arriving
immigrants. There have been a couple of studies showing numbers like
this. One had 10/10, another 10/9. If you need references, they are
in the Urban Institutes pro-immigration polemic, "Setting the Record
Straight."
Arthur Hu: If this is true, why is it that Asian wages increased when
the population doubled from 1980 to 1990 mostly due to immigration
instead of falling to 0% as the formula predicts?
c:\clip\96\01\mignews.txt Migration News August 1996 Williams
concluded that, between 1870 and 1910, immigration reduced the real
wages of unskilled US workers by 10 percent. According to Borjas, 20
to 30 percent of the drop in the real wages of unskilled workers is
due to immigration. David Jaeger of the Bureau of Labor Statistics
concludes that immigration is responsible for as much as half of the
real wage decline of high school dropouts in the US labor force.
[comment - but Jaeger's study also concluded immigrants RAISED the
wages of college educated workers]
\priv\96\13\borjas.doc Painful Wall Street Journal April 26, 1996 p.
1 Figures Despite His Heritage, Prominent Economist Backs Immigration
Cut Born in Cuba, George Borjas Says His Census Research, Not His
Past, Guides ideas: Why Congress Is Listening By BOB DAVIS Staff
Reporter of THE WALL STREET Journal he calculates that native workers
lose $133 billion a year in lower salaries because of immigrant
competition; employers pocket the money, and then some, as reduced
expenses. Unskilled natives suffer the most.
The salaries for engineers have been increasing. For 10 years of
experience, the median engineering salary has risen from $42.6K in
1986 to $52.9K in 1995. (=.80 vs. .73 in CPI) (Engineering Workforce
Commission). CPI is from 1996 Universal Almanac, US Bureau of
Economic Analysis.
CPI index 1986=1.00
est 1986 = .897 1.000
est 1995 = .658 0.734 = 1.36 increase in inflation
vs 1.24 increase in salary = 10% loss, but
probably ahead once inflation is properly computed.
\priv\96\02\deprwage.txt Fair claims Labor Department study shows
immigration explains half of decline in real wages of high school
dropouts, 21% of increase in the spread between high school and
college wage differential.
\priv\96\01\worktake.txt US News and World Report 1/16/96 Cover Story
Median household income has been flat for 20 years, and workers' real
weekly wages have dropped $23 or almost 5 percent since 1979. Those at
the top and those with marketable skills are moving up, but the great
majority of workers find themselves stuck or falling.
\priv\95\19\immwage.txt the only study that ever broke out immigrants
by admission category found that it was employment-based immigrants
that have a significantly negative impact on native wages. (For any
new people, I refer to a 1992 study by the Urban Institute by Elaine
Sorensen, et. al. titled Immigrant Categories and the U.S. Job
Market: Do they make a difference.)
@@welfare
A major issue brought up by Norman Matloff and others is eligibility
of the elderly, even if sponsored, for SSI programs when the intent
of legisation is to disallow those likely to "become a public
charge". Interestingly, if Social Security is viewed as welfare
(which it is based on how it is funded), Asians and Hispanics collect
less overall than Whites because they have more workers and fewer
retirees in the population.
Index
Native Imm
1990 Noncitizen cash 7.4%/1.00 9.1%/1.23
1990 Noncitizen +noncash 14% /1.00 21%/1.50
Ranked by Asian
CA Citizen W1.00 B-3.72 H-1.03 A 1.61 *
CA Noncitizen W1.00 B-3.72 H-2.07 A-1.93 *
Welfare mother W1.00 B-3.57 H-2.86 A --- I1.28
%%Ethnic Group
F081897 "Older Immigrant Groups More Likely to Receive Welfare" Asian
Week Aug 8, 1997 p. 8 David Hayes- Bautista head of the Center for
Study of Latino Health at UCLA found 6% of poor Mexicans and 4% of El
Salvadorians get SSI, compared to 46% of Filipinos and 44% of poor
Cubans. National rate is 13% [no mention of Chinese?] Many of
Mexicans and El Salvadoreans are illegals not eligible. In 1996,
Cuban, German, Chinese, Korean and Indian immigrants received AFC at
rates below the 10% rate for all the US poor. Highest AFDC use was
Rates among poor immigrants
---------------------------
29% Dominican Republic
25% Vietnam
24% Jamaica
16% Philippines
10% Mexican and Central American, US average
\clip\97\19\hispwelf.txt Immigrant Welfare Use Varies Widely
Benefits: Citing many factors, UCLA report finds Filipinos, Cubans,
Vietnamese more likely to get aid than Mexicans, Central Americans
Los Angeles Times, Wednesday, July 30, 1997 PATRICK J. McDONNELL,
TIMES STAFF WRITER Poor immigrants vary widely in their use of public
benefits, with low-income Filipinos, Vietnamese and Cubans being
relatively high users while Mexicans and Central Americans are less
likely to be on welfare, according to a UCLA study released Tuesday.
... low-income Mexican and Central American immigrants are generally
less likely than the poor U.S. population as a whole to receive major
public benefits.
%%Food Stamps
\clip\97\18\foodstam.txt Albany Chiefs Near Pact on Food Aid for
Immigrants The New York Times, July 24, 1997 By RICHARD PEREZ-PENA
ALBANY, N.Y. -- New York state is likely to insure that as many as
100,000 immigrants continue to receive food stamps, even after the
federal government stops paying for them next month, Gov. George
Pataki and legislative leaders said Wednesday.
%%Hmong
"Hmong Desperate on Welfare Reform" Asian Week Dec 4, 1997 p. 13
Thanks to Norman Matloff's drive to remove all immigrants from
welfare, there have been a few reports of elderly asians committing
suicide to not be a burden on their relatives. The Hmong believe they
should be covered as veterans because they fought for the benefit of
the US and were told they would be taken care of.
\images\972\1221\p04.tif
%%Laws
\clipim\98\01\immwel1.tif-immwel3.tif (images files) "Immigration and
Public Assistance Access to Federal and State Benefits" Congressional
Digest May 1996 p. 137. Discusses history and basis for laws -
immigrants are admitted if they have sponsors, but pledges do not
make such immigrants ineligible for SSI benefits. The law once
permitted deportation if immigrants became a "public charge".
%%Medicaid
\doc\web\99\08\immread.txt
Welfare reform expands citizenry Naturalization rise linked to
benefits by Audrey Hudson The Washington Times, June 29, 1999, p. A1
In California, 23.7 percent of new immigrants received Medicaid,
while only 8.2 percent of the native population claimed the benefits.
"The reason is because immigrants are poor and we don't have an
immigration policy that selects people on their ability to succeed in
the U.S.," said Mark Krikorian, executive director of the study
conducted by the Center for Immigration.
%%Medicare
"Medicare gets an umbrella for an avalance" Business Week June 2,
1997 p. 44 Chart shows that assuming current rates of health-care
inflation, medicare expenses will have risen from under 2.5% in 1995
to 14% of GNP by the year 2030 according to Watson Wyatt and Co. when
the baby boom retires. (Immigrants help ease the crisis because they
have a low ratio of retirees to workers)
%%SSI
8.3% NATURALIZED VS 2.4% OF US BORN GET SSI
\doc\web\99\08\immread.txt
U.S. General Accounting Office: - Welfare Reform: Public Assistance
Benefits Provided to Recently Naturalized Citizens. HEHS-99-102. 15
pp. plus 3 appendices (12 pp.) June 23, 1999.
http://www.gao.gov/new.items/he99102.pdf
[but no comparison with social security payments to the native born!]
RESULTS IN BRIEF: Our analysis shows that the recently naturalized citizens
we identified generally used SSI, Medicaid, and TANF benefits at a higher
rate in 1997 than the native-born population. Nationally, out of the
927,338 immigrants who were recently naturalized, we found that about 8.3
percent received SSI benefits during 1997. This rate is higher than the
rate of 2.4 percent for the nation’s native-born citizens. Also, the rate
of benefit receipt for recently naturalized citizens in the Medicaid and
TANF programs was higher than the CPS-based estimate for the native-born
population in several of the states we examined, although the magnitude of
difference varied across some states. For example, we found that 9.6
percent of the recently naturalized citizens in Texas received Medicaid
compared with 6.1 percent of the native-born population, while 23.7 percent
of the recently naturalized citizens in California received such benefits
compared with 8.2 percent of the native-born population.
CONGRESS EXTENDS PROTECTION FROM TAKING SSI FROM ELDERLY POOR
\clip\98\13\h1deal.txt House Changes Immigrant Benefit Law September
23, 1998 WASHINGTON (AP) -- Almost 20,000 mostly poor, elderly
immigrants would keep their Supplemental Security Income benefits
under legislation the House passed Wednesday. [H.R. 4558]
\clip\97\19\hispwelf.txt Immigrant Welfare Use Varies Widely
Benefits: Citing many factors, UCLA report finds Filipinos, Cubans,
Vietnamese more likely to get aid than Mexicans, Central Americans
Los Angeles Times, Wednesday, July 30, 1997 "SSI is a monthly federal
cash benefit for aged, blind and disabled people unable to work."
[usually ineligible for social security]
Maximum SSI benefits are now $484 a month for an individual, and $726
a month for a couple. GOP Plan Would Drop Some Immigrants Associated
Press, Tuesday, June 3, 1997 By LAURA MECKLER
\clip\97\12\mignews.txt WEFLARE TO BE RESTORED TO DISABLED ELDERLY
IMMIGRANTS, LOSING 40% OF PROJECTED SAVINGS Welfare: Immigrant
Eligibility Restored Legislation. On May 2, 1997, Congress and
President Clinton agreed in the balanced budget plan to continue
Medicaid and Supplemental Security Income disability aid for about
266,000 disabled legal immigrants who were in the US before the
welfare law was signed on August 22, 1996. The cost of restoring
these benefits is estimated at $10 billion over five years. In
addition, legal immigrants not now receiving Medicaid and SSI would
be allowed to qualify for benefits if they were in the US before
August 22, 1996, and become disabled. MIGRATION NEWS Vol. 4, No. 5
May, 1997
Jewish organizations oppose Matloff's "welfare reforms"
\doc\97\03\jewwelf.txt Subject: COMPASSION AND JUSTICE FOR LEGAL
IMMIGRANTS AND REFUGEES from: David Luberoff@KSG on 04/11/97 01:46 PM
The Union of Councils for Soviet Jews (UCSJ) and the American
Association of Jews from the Former Soviet Union (AAJFSU) are
sponsoring a rally and petition drive for "Compassion and Justice for
Legal Immigrants and Refugees."
MATLOFF INSPIRED LAW SET TO INCREASE POVERTY IN MICROSOFT LAND AMONG
EAST EUROPEANS AND JEWISH IMMIGRANTS.
http://www.seattletimes.com/extra/browse/html97/vese_040797.html
\clip\97\09\eastpov.txt Seattle Times Company Monday, April 7, 1997
James Vesely: Eastside poverty, no joke and nowhere to run by James
Vesely Seattle Times editorial columnist "Who are they? Marchione
said many are recent Eastern European immigrants, among the group
targeted for welfare cuts by Congress. Legal or not, the immigrant
population is about to feel the weight of federal and state reckoning"
REFUGEES FROM USSR, VIETNAM ETC. UNTOUCHED BY SSI / WELFARE REFORM
\clip\97\10\refssi.txt Chronicles, April 1997 by Don Barnett What
Welfare Reform?
ILLEGALS, NOTHING, SPONSORED WILL HAVE TO RELY ON SPONSORS, REFUGEES
NEED TO BECOME CITIZENS AFTER 5 YEARS.
http://www.tribnet.com/~tnt/news/06432.htm \clip\97\04\immig.htm
Date, circumstances of arrival determine aid to immigrants Joseph
Turner; The News Tribune (Tacoma WA) Illegals get nothing, Sponsored
legal immigrants will be required to be supported by their sponsors
until they work for 10 years. Refugees will get aid for 5 years, but
must become citizens to collect after that.
-------------------------------------------------------------
\clip\97\04\disacut.txt
In 1994 one in 4 elderly noncitizens 25 elderly citizens collects SSI
"It shows how the immigrants are really coming here and using the
U.S. as a retirement program," said Rep. Clay Shaw, R-Fla., chairman
of the House Ways and Means human resources subcommittee. [But how
can that be if less than 50% are collecting? They must be coming for
other reasons]
AP 15-Feb-1997 14:40 EST REF5376 Copyright 1997. The Associated
Press. All Rights Reserved. Govn't Cuts off Disabled Immigrants By
MICHELLE MITTELSTADT Associated Press Writer
---------------------------------------------------------------------
\clip\97\04\ssicut.txt WELFARE CUTS NOT NEW TO COUNTY Immigrants:
Santa Clara board's '93 reforms may show Congress the way. San Jose
Mercury News, February 10, 1997 By Ken McLaughlin Mercury News Staff
Writer (Santa Clara already kicked off elderly SSI after reports of
abuse)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\clip\97\04\borjas.txt KNOW THE FLOW National Review April 17, 1995
Immigrants supposedly use more welfare, but do not earn more than
their population. only about 2 to 4 per cent of the households
originating in South Africa, Taiwan, or the United Kingdom received
public assistance, as opposed to 11 to 12 per cent of the households
originating in Ecuador or Mexico and nearly 50 per cent of the
households originating in Laos or Cambodia.
\clip\97\03\ssicut.txt AP 6-Feb-1997 6:44 EST REF5139 Immigrants May
Lose Monthly Aid. One million legal immigrants will be cut off from
SSI. Three-quarters of those affected are concentrated in just four
states: 391,620 in California; 154,257 in New York; 102,741 in
Florida; and 84,597 in Texas. They will lose an average of $410 a
month
--------------------------------------------------
ASIANS AND HISPANICS PAY SOCIAL SECURITY TO DISPROPORTIONATELY WHITE
SENIORS -
Table
Social Security and Public Assistance
Race Payments Index ss per
Total / household pop Index
NHWhite $2,486 1.00 NHWhite $890 1.00
White $2,452 -1.00 White $857 -1.04
total $2,353 -1.04 total $757 -1.18
Black $2,037 -1.20 Black $435 -2.04
AmInd $1,899 -1.29 AmInd $351 -2.54
Hisp $1,550 -1.58 Hisp $243 -3.66
AsianPI $1,477 -1.66 AsianPI $224 -3.97
Asians and Hispanics have the lowest combined SS+PA payments,
especially social security
Ratio of working age to retiree age by race
Worker /
Retiree Index
Hisp 22.00 2.97
AsianPI 20.09 2.71
AmInd 18.16 2.45
Black 11.57 1.56
total 8.41 1.14
White 7.64 1.03
NHWhite 7.40 1.00
Asians have 3 times as many workers per retiree as Whites
yet they collect only half as much
Since social security is essentially a welfare system funded by
current workers, rather than insurance, whites are collecting far
more in "welfare" overall than either the immigrant Asians and
Hispanics, or even the African Americans. Asians are paying into
Social Security which is disproportionately paid to whites, but now
noncitizens are not eligible to get SSI, which is simply a means-tested
program for people who never paid into Social Security, but most
collect far more than they ever put into the system anyway.
-------------------------------------------------
MODERATE IMMIGRATION KEY TO SOCIAL SECURITY
http://www.businessweek.com/1997/06/b351395.htm
\clip\97\03\socisecu.txt Business Week Feb 10, 1997 p. 92 COMMENTARY:
SOCIAL SECURITY: IS THE SKY REALLY FALLING? chart:
c:\clip\97\03\toopess.gif
- The census projects a higher birthrate becuase of immigrants with
higher birthrates than trustees who see the population as falling
- if labor is short, more immigrants would be let in
- Immigrants through adding more workers and more births are key to
a scenario in which social security runs a surplus.
NORM MATLOFF'S WEFLARE REFORMS HITS RUSSIAN JEWISH ELDERLY AND THE
CHINESE, MANY CANNOT NATURALIZE
http://www.seattletimes.com/topstories/browse/html97/imig_012797.html
\clip\97\02\citzhope.txt Seattle Times Jan. 27, 1997 For sick, old,
citizenship is last hope Law about to cast legal immigrants adrift
SOCIAL SECURITY ENSLAVES HISPANICS TO PAY FOR OLD EUROMERICANS
http://www.arthurhu.com/97/01/hispss.txt
From: Raoul Lowery Contreras
Subj: The future enslavement of my Hispanic cousins by an aging
White America
Will the booming Hispanic, mostly Mexican-origin, population of America
be enslaved by Baby Boomer Social Security checks in coming years?
Will the ultimate social sharing, guaranteed benefits to all, program keep
the Hispanic population in poverty, in perpetuity?
- see @@matloff for articles charging that Chinese lead list of
immigrant groups with high rates of elderly "welfare"
"Safety Net Pulled on Noncitizens" Asian Week Nov 8, 1996 p. 12 Bert
Eljera F011497-2 500,000 noncitizens are expected to lose SSI. Chart
of which countries and qualifying conditions. Elderly may be forced
to move back to families that may not be able to support them.
SSI/SSP Noncitizens by Country of Origin
Mexico 22.5
Vietnam 8.6
Philippines 8.6
China 7.6
USSR 6.1
Laos 5.4
Iran 4.5
Cambodia 4.4
Korea 4.1
Other 19.2
Unknown 9.0
Source: Coalition for Immigrant Rights
FOREIGN BORN NONCITIZENS USE MORE WELFARE, MAKE LESS comment - but
this leaves out citizen immigrants, Asians have a high rate of
eventual citizenship.
\clip\96\09\mignews.txt MIGRATION NEWS Vol. 3, No. 12 December, 1996
http://migration.ucdavis.edu
For the first time, the Census Bureau released poverty data
on native- and foreign-born residents: 13 percent of the US-
born residents were poor, compared with 28 percent of the
foreign-born who were not naturalized US citizens. Native-
born households had median incomes of $34,800, while
households headed by foreign-born persons had median incomes
of $28,400.
Household
A: received AFDC or SSI in 1990
b: noncash food stamp, medicaid, housing
c: median income
A: B: C:
for born noncit 9.1% 21% $28,400
native born 7.4% 14% $34,800
\CLIP\96\04\NEWLAW.TXT AP 14-Sep-1996 21:02 EDT REF5616 Legal
Immigrants Fear New Law MILWAUKEE (AP) -- As many as 4,600 immigrants
in Wisconsin are expected to lose their Supplemental Security Income,
the federal support provided to the poor, elderly and disabled, Legal
immigrants can't get SSI or food stamps unless they become citizens,
with some exceptions. States can deny federal block money for
welfare, medicaid and social services. Future immigrants are barred
from most assistance for 5 years. Sponsor's income will be counted in
determining need, and must pay back any benefits used. States will
determine if legal immigrants on SSI will lose medicaid.
\clip\96\02\eldssi.doc Welfare bill will kick 3/4 of elderly poor
Chinese out nursing homes. Thanks Norm.
\doc\96\06\matlof10.txt Matloff says that seniors still don't deserve
SSI after 5 years and naturalization, (even though many seniors won't
or can't naturalize, or have other family support) My position has
always been crystal-clear: Either make the sponsors pay for a
reasonable period of time, say 10 years as in Canada and Australia
(INCLUDING after the immigrant naturalizes) or reduce the number of
seniors who are allowed to immigrate.
clip\96\01\fixtest.txt http://www.urban.org/testimon/fixtest.htm
The Use of SSI and Other Welfare Programs by
Immigrants Testimony before the U.S. Senate Subcommittee on
Immigration February 6, 1996 Michael Fix, Jeffrey S. Passel, and
Wendy Zimmermann The Urban Institute Washington, D.C. Only 10% of
naturalized citizens live in poverty vs 29% of non-citizen
immigrants. Elder immigrants are 28% of SSI recipients 65 older, but
only 9% of the population, refugees are 13.1% welfare vs. 5.8% for
all immigrants. Working age welfare is about the same, 5.1 vs. 5.3%
Immigrants who are poor only use welfare at 16% vs 25% of poor
natives. SSI use is only 3% of the foreign-born population vs. 2% of
the native. SSI use is about the same for those around 20 years. 39%
of those with no social security receive SSI. Chinese recipients, the
subject unearthed by Norm Matloff are only 5% of beneficiaries
nationwide.
\clip\96\01\gaowelf.txt Immigrants and Welfare Use: Findings from the
General Accounting Office
http://www.fairus.org/issues/gaowelf.html
\clip\96\01\mignews.txt August 1996 Migration News The US Dept of
Labor surveyed the IRCA amnesty immigrants. Most were in low paying
jobs, Legalized aliens were not eligible for most welfare programs
for five years, or until 1993. However, when the survey was done in
1992, about 60 percent of the newly legalized sample families had
assets of less than $1000, which would qualify them for many benefit
programs. As the barriers to benefits fall, the survey found that
many of the newly-legalized are beginning to apply for and receive
benefits, although the proportion of the newly legalized receiving
benefits is lower than for similarly poor US-born residents. About
40 percent of the legalized aliens reported that no one in their
family had private health insurance. It found heavy usage of
emergency, maternal and child health-care programs, and reported that
25 percent of the legalized families have a child in reduced-price
school-lunch programs.
\priv\96b\05\mignews.txt A new study by the Tomas Rivera Center found
that, over the course of their lifetimes, immigrants contribute more
in taxes to California than they cost in government services About
nine percent of the foreign-born mothers aged 14 to 44 were on AFDC,
compared to 11 percent of the native-born mothers in the same age
group.
\priv\96b\04\medical2.txt Los Angeles Times, June 24, 1996 830,000
May Lose Medi-Cal, Study Says. While 62% of citizens in California
have insurance at their jobs, just 31% of Latinos and 40% of Asians
do. Noncitizens now qualifying for Medi-Cal would become uninsured
after the changes were implemented unless they met one of two
criteria: They worked at least 20 hours a week and resided in the
United States for 10 years, or had retired or left a job for health
reasons.
\priv\96b\04\medical.txt Return-Path: Date:
Tue, 25 Jun 1996 01:41:52 -0400 As Many As 830,000 Immigrants May
Lose Medi-Cal, Study Says. Medi-Cal program provides health coverage
for roughly 6 million poor Californians, this would only affect legal
immigrants, and back up the sponsor pledge that immigrants will not
be a "public charge" with threat of deportation in first 5 to 7
years. The study estimates 44 percent of the state's 6.1 million
non-citizens lack health insurance, as opposed to 18 percent of
citizens in the state.
N. Matloffclaims that 100% of
elderly immigrant SSI is fradulent because the sponsors made a plege
of lifetime support.
\priv\96\17\immbeni.txt. Provisions on Legal Immigrants Jeopardize
Bill on Illegal Aliens The New York Times, May 28, 1996 By Eric
Schmitt
- GAO says 25% of elderly SSI recipients were legal immigrants
- Sponsor pledge of support is unenforceable in
court. Bill would make the pledge binding, and use income of the
sponsor to determine eligibility, currently limited to first 3 to
5 years in country
- Dain Stain of FAIR ``It's very difficult to understand why poor
immigrants who need all this training should be admitted at all.''
\priv\96\17\immssi2.txt The Associated Press, May 23, 1996 "Study:
Immigrant Welfare Rising" By DIANE DUSTON. Summary: Supplemental
Security Income program was established in 1972 for those who did not
qualify for Social Security, survivors or disability programs. To be
eligible, one must be 65 or over, blind or disabled. Immigrants who
are legal can qualify, including sponsored immigrants, despite the
sponsors pledge, which was ruled unenforceable. Maximum benefit is
$470 a month individual, $705 per couple. 12% of 6.5 million cases
and 14% of $25 billion in federal , $3 billion state benefits go to
immigrants. 3% of noncitizens get SSI, 1.67 times the 1.8 percent
rate of citizens. Noncitizens have shorter work histories (or may be
paid cash only), and not qualify for social security.
c:\doc\96\04\fastwelf.txt "Immigrants among fastest-growing welfare
groups" Kiro NewsFax May 24, 1996. GAO found that immigrants are 33%
of SSI (Supplemental Security Income) and 6% of disabled recipients,
2/3 of SSI immigrants are in California, New York, and Florida.
Overall, noncitizens are more likely than citizens to apply, refugees
rather than sponsored immigrants are most likely to be on program
rolls.
Elderly Asians on Welfare
\priv\96\13\ELDWELF.HTM Elderly Non-Citizens on Welfare Cost
Taxpayers $328 Billion -- Heritage ELDERLY NON-CITIZENS ON WELFARE
WILL COST THE AMERICAN TAXPAYER $328 BILLION OVER THE NEXT DECADE.
Robert Rector Senior Policy Analyst and William F....
http://www.pff.org/heritage/library/categories/healthwel/fyi54.html
immigration.welfare
"Illegal-immigration bill sails through the senate" Seattle
Post-Intelligencer May 3, 1996 p. 1. 1994 census figures show
citizens about the same as 5 percent of working age legal immigrants
who are not refuees who receive public assistance, Illegal immigrants
can only receive emergency Medicaid, school lunches, immunizations
and short term disaster relief.
>>\doc\96\03\caimwelf.wk1 Welfare rates ages 16-64 in California
\doc\96\08\caimwelf.prn
Index summary
W1.00 B3.72 H1.03 A-1.61 citizen
W1.00 B3.72 H2.07 A1.93 immigrant
Welfare Rates for Californian Groups
Workforce: 16 top 64 years old
EarningsWelf Rate
Group Worker 16-64 Index
Hispanic citizens 20887 6.0% 2.07
Hispanic immigrants 13970 3.0% 1.03
Asian immigrants 19797 5.6% 1.93
Asian citizens 28904 1.8% -1.61
Whites 30333 2.9% 1.00
Blacks 22809 10.8% 3.72
CA state 26688 3.5% 1.21
- Asian citizens have the lowest rate of welfare, Blacks the highest
- Asians immigrants high due to refugees
Sources: 1980 US Census, Center for Immigration Studies
Research by San Francisco Chronicle Staff writer Ramon G. McLeod
Based on table published in San Francisco Chronicle June 23, 1993 p. A6
\priv\96\08\usnimm.txt
Percentage of immigrants receiving welfare by
nation of birth
Nation Percent
Cambodia 28
Laos 27
Soviet Union (former) 20
Vietnam 16
Cuba 10
Dominican Republic 9
China 6
Philippines 4
South Korea 4
Mexico 2
Figures are from 1990 for those arriving since 1980
Note how low rates are for China, Phillipines, South Korea
and Mexico.
Source: US News and World Report computer analysis of Census data
"The myth of the parasites" US News and World Report Oct 3, 1994
"Reasonable Immigration" Wall Street Journal April 23, 1996 p. A15
Rep Lamar Smith (R Texas) says 21% of all immigrant households
receive some public benefits
\priv\96\02\immssi.txt - Asians are only 6.2% of SSI recipients.
Matloff testifies that Taiwan Chinese are the highest rate
Characteristics of Welfare Mothers
\doc\95\07\cendata.txt
Percentage of Mothers on Welfare
White 7%
Foreign Born 9%
US Born 11%
Hispanic 20%
Black 25%
Index W1.00 I1.28 H2,86 B3.57
3/4 of foreign born AFDC recipients are not citizens, but the foreign
born have welfare rates almost as low as Whites.
\priv\95\19\immgood.txt - New study says immigrants contribute more
than they take San Jose Mercury News 12/11/95 (Los Angeles Times) The
average immigrant family received $1,404 in welfare services in the
first five years in this country. Native-born families on welfare
averaged $2,279. (but the rate of welfare is higher)
\doc\95\14\immwelf1.txt "Majority of APAs New Arrivals, Census Says"
Asian Week Sept 1, 1995 p. 9
The Census Bureau study showed that immigrants who arrived in this
country since 1990 are more likely to receive public assistance
than people born here - 5.7 percent versus 2.9 percent. But this
declines to only 1.4% for those who arrived before 1970
\priv\95\14\impol.txt matloff: MORE THAN HALF of elderly Chinese who
immigrated to California during the 1980s were on welfare in 1990.
\doc\95\11\suprparn.txt Over one quarter of elderly immigrants are on
some kind of welfare, 3 times higher than native elderly citizens.
@@White opposition
YEH YEH LING AGAINST NONEURO IMMIG, CUPERTINO "OVERRUN" BY CHINESE
\clip\99\12\euroam.txt The ethnic cleansing of European-Americans By
Paul Craig Roberts Washington Times National Weekly Edition,
Commentary, June 21-27, 1999 Recent immigrants who favor the melting
The formerly all-white community of Cupertino, Calif., has been so
overrun by Chinese immigrants that the school board debated a
Mandarin-immersion kindergarten class.
@@Work (entry level)
HISPANICS MORE LIKELY TO WORK, HAVE FRIENDS WHO WORK, LIVE WITH
RELATIVES WHO CAN WATCH KIDS, HAVE BANK ACCOUNTS, PERSONAL NETWORKS
TO JOBS, TAKE ENTRY LEVEL LOW SKILL JOBS VS POOR BLACKS: "A Hidden
Advantage for Some Job Seekers" Los Angeles Times, Friday, November
28, 1997 Social networks help immigrant Latinos get a foot in the
employment door -- a little-noticed boon that low-income blacks don't
share, social researchers say. By ABIGAIL GOLDMAN, Times Staff Writer
@@world
Immigration Spectrum
---------------------
33% NY City 1996
30% Frankfurt Germany SeaTimes 9/27/98
17% Canada
10% Israel workforce
9% Germany
7-8% USA
7% Washington State
5.7% France
5% Europe
3.8% Britain
[[France
\clip\96\02\franimm.txt Aug 9, 1996 PARIS, Aug. 8 (Reuter) - France's
interior minister has said the government would yield only in a few
exceptional cases to protests such as hunger strikes by African
immigrants facing expulsion. France has about four million legal
foreign residents and an estimated one million illegal immigrants.
\priv\96b\07\francimm.txt France has four million legal foreign
residents and an estimated one million illegal immigrants.
[[Germany
\clip\97\28\german.txt Like It or Not, Germany Becomes a Melting Pot
The New York Times, November 30, 1997 By ALAN COWELL 9% of Germans
are foreigners, the highest proportion in Europe, far ahead of the
continental average of 5 percent and well above that of such
countries as France (5.7 percent) and Britain (3.8 percent).
[[Israel
\clip\97\28\israel.txt Report: Workforce is 10% foreign Jerusalem
Post, Monday, December 1, 1997
\priv\95\14\immisral.txt - Israel expects 70,000 immigratns a year,
2.5 million in history of the state.
[[Italy
\clip\97\02\italill.txt Italy Nabs Illegal Immigrants By FRANCES
D'EMILIO Associated Press Writer Saturday, January 25, 1997 Italy
says at least 500,000 illegal immigrants reached its shores last
year. About half were allowed to stay.
[[malaysia
\clip\97\03\illmaid.txt 1-1.5 million illegals in Malaysia est.
[[South Africa
S AFRICANS KILL SUSPECTED ILLEGAL IMMIGRANTS, PREFER WHITE IMMIGRANTS
\clip\98\14\safimm.txt October 19, 1998 New York Times New South
Africa Shuts the Door on Its Neighbors By SUZANNE DALEY
Anti-foreigner attitudes, particularly against blacks, are
deep-seated and widespread among all races. And violence against
immigrants is growing. Last month, an angry mob killed three
foreigners on a commuter train outside Pretoria after accusing them
of stealing jobs from South Africans. Two of the victims, both from
Senegal, were electrocuted when they climbed onto the roof to escape
being lashed with cattle whips. Both black and white South Africans
prefer white immigrants, viewing newcomers from Europe and North
America more favorably than they do Africans.
[[sweden
c:\clip\96\02\swedimm.txt By Paul de Bendern STOCKHOLM, Aug 6
(Reuter) - Once the world's haven for refugees, Sweden is toughening
up its immigration policies and no longer receiving newcomers with
open arms. Today nearly one in eight of the 8.8 million people
living in Sweden are immigrants or have at least one immigrant parent.
@@x
@@yeh, ling ling
Chinese immigrant, 47 in 2000, formerly Suzanne Feinberg before 1994,
born in Vietnam of Chinese parents. Only leader of anti-immigration
who is an immigrant.
Seattle Times, KOMO Town Meeting
How Much is too much? Asian Week Feb 17, 2000 p. 11 Janet Dang. Wants
only 200,000 yr, not 2 mil, only spouse, single children under 18,
only einstein grade. [when will they do one on matloff?]
YEH YEH LING AGAINST NONEURO IMMIG, CUPERTINO "OVERRUN" BY CHINESE
\clip\99\12\euroam.txt The ethnic cleansing of European-Americans By
Paul Craig Roberts Washington Times National Weekly Edition,
Commentary, June 21-27, 1999 Recent immigrants who favor the melting
pot are themselves alarmed. Yeh Ling-Ling, the executive director of
Diversity Alliance for a Sustainable America, believes we need a
time-out from mass immigration in order to permit assimilation;
otherwise, the United States will face ethnic divides that exceed
those in Kosovo and the Balkans. [Ling is #2 after Norm Matloff as
critic of new Chinese immigration]
The formerly all-white community of Cupertino, Calif., has been so
overrun by Chinese immigrants that the school board debated a
Mandarin-immersion kindergarten class.
@@zero population growth
d:\clip\96\04\zpg.txt The ZPG Reporter" recently crossed my desk,
entitled "More Than Numbers: A ZPG Approach to Immigration."
@@end immigration