\doc\web\99\01\church.txt
From:           	Bruce Crawford <brucec76@ix.netcom.com>


ECCers and Loopsters,


Below is a chronology of key education-related, separation of church and
state decisions. This was a sidebar to an article on the same subject by
Nathan Lewin, which I will post separately. Both are from the Jan-Feb 99
issue of POLICY REVIEW. Because everyone's e-mail text editor is not the
same, I haven't put them here. If you want them for your own file copy,
everything in front of the first comma on each case was in bold. The name
of the case, but not the date, was also in italics.


BC
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The Winding Road


Everson vs. Board of Education (1947), The court ruled that the Board of
Education may reimburse parents of children in religious schools for
public-transportation costs.


Board of Education vs. Allen (1968), New York may tend secular textbooks
to students who attended religious schools, without conflicting with the
Constitution.


Tilton vs. Richardson (1971), The court upheld a program awarding
religious schools federal grants to be used exclusively for secular
educational purposes.


Lemon vs. Kurtzinan (1971), Religious schools may not receive
reimbursements for teachers’ salaries, instructional materials, or
textbooks related to secular subjects.


P.E.A.R.L. vs, Nyquist (1973), New York state may not support
“parochial” education with direct subsidies and tax benefits arguing
that such aid directly advances religion.


Meek vs. Pittenger (1975), Loaning secular “instructional materials” has
the “effect” of advancing religion.


Roomer vs. Board of Public Works of Md. (1976), Religious colleges may
receive direct grants for secular programs.


Wolman vs. Walter (1977), Religious schools may not receive state funds
for field-trip transportation or instructional materials and equipment.


P.E.A.R.L. vs. Regen (1980), Religious schools may be reimbursed for
state-required tests.


Mueller vs. Allen (1903), State income tax deductions for religious
school expense are deemed constitutional.


Grand Rapids School District vs. Ball (1985), Public school teachers may
not supplement the education of religious-school students with classes in
secular subjects.


Aguilar vs. Felton (1985),, Public-school teachers may not provide
remedial education to Title I religious-school students.


Witters vs. Wash. Dept of Services for the Blind (1986), The court
permitted a blind student to receive government rehabilitation funds at a
religious school.


Zobrest vs. Catalina Foothills School District (1993), Public funding of
an interpreter for a deaf student at a Catholic school is unanimously
upheld.


Rosenberger vs. University of Virginia (1995), The court upheld the
direct funding of a religious publication on a college campus.


Agostini vs. Felton (1997), The court overruled Aguilar and Ball holding
that to provide remedial education to low-income, special-needs children
in religious schools neither advances religion nor creates “excessive
entanglement” between church and state.




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